Abstract：
:Adaptation to the ever-changing world is critical for survival, and our brains are particularly tuned to remember events that differ from previous experiences. Novel experiences induce dopamine release in the hippocampus, a process which promotes memory persistence. While axons from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) were generally thought to be the exclusive source of hippocampal dopamine, recent studies have demonstrated that noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC) corelease noradrenaline and dopamine in the hippocampus and that their dopamine release boosts memory retention as well. In this opinion article, we propose that the projections originating from the VTA and the LC belong to two distinct systems that enhance memory of novel events. Novel experiences that share some commonality with past ones ('common novelty') activate the VTA and promote semantic memory formation via systems memory consolidation. By contrast, experiences that bear only a minimal relationship to past experiences ('distinct novelty') activate the LC to trigger strong initial memory consolidation in the hippocampus, resulting in vivid and long-lasting episodic memories.
journal_name
Trends Neuroscijournal_title
Trends in neurosciencesauthors
Duszkiewicz AJ,McNamara CG,Takeuchi T,Genzel Ldoi
10.1016/j.tins.2018.10.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-02-01 00:00:00pages
102-114issue
2eissn
0166-2236issn
1878-108Xpii
S0166-2236(18)30273-Xjournal_volume
42pub_type
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