Abstract：
:Rats were exposed to 1.3 gHz microwave energy to assess the uptake of several neutral polar substances in certain areas of the brain. A quantitative, radioactive isotope method, which uses an internal standard, was employed to measure the loss of test substances to brain tissue. Single, 20 min exposure, to either pulsed or continuous wave (CW) microwave energy induced an increase in the uptake of D-mannitol at average power densities of less than 3.0 mW/sp. cm. The permeability change was greatest in the medulla, followed, in decreasing order, by the cerebellum and hypothalamus, with small or negligible changes in the hippocampus and cortex. Permeability increases were observed for mannitol and inulin but not for dextran. Increased permeability was observed both immediately and 4 h after exposure, but not 24 h after exposure. After an initial rise, the permeability of cerebral vessels to saccharides decreased with increasing microwave power. Differences in the level of uptake occurred between CW energy and pulsed energy of the same average power. Microwaves of the same average power but different pulse characteristics also produced different uptake levels. Our findings suggest that microwaves induce a temporary change in the permeability for small molecular weight saccharides in the blood-brain barrier system of rats.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Oscar KJ,Hawkins TDdoi
10.1016/0006-8993(77)90726-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1977-05-06 00:00:00pages
281-93issue
2eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
0006-8993(77)90726-0journal_volume
126pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:This neuroimaging study investigated the neural mechanisms of the effect of conversation on visual event detection during a driving-like scenario. The static load paradigm, established as predictive of visual reaction time in on-road driving, measured reaction times to visual events while subjects watched a real-world...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2008.10.002
更新日期：2009-01-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Peripheral nerve fascicles are deliberately impaled during microneurography experiments. We have assessed conduction block under these circumstances. First we recorded compound action potentials (CAP) in the sural nerve following stimulation of the sciatic nerve. The insertion of injection and microneurography electro...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(93)91538-4
更新日期：1993-12-24 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the relationship between the affinity of cholinergic drugs for muscarinic receptor subtypes and their potency in potentiating or inhibiting amphetamine-induced rotation. The ascending nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway was unilaterally lesioned in male Wistar rats using 6-hydroxydopamine. In these ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(87)80021-5
更新日期：1987-04-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Children with Asperger's Disorder or High Functioning Autism are included in regular education classes but find themselves excluded from the social lives of their classmates. This paper briefly reviews studies which attempt to provide them with training to overcome their social difficulties. These interventions have h...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2010.09.047
更新日期：2011-03-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Injection of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) into dark-adapted Limulus ventral photoreceptors produces a series of discrete bursts of membrane depolarization. Prior injection of aequorin, a luminescent calcium indicator, reveals that the bursts of depolarization are accompanied by individual bursts of intracellul...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(87)90860-2
更新日期：1987-10-13 00:00:00
abstract：:We assessed the chronological change of the expression of synaptophysin, an integral glycoprotein on the presynaptic vesicles, after a transient cerebral ischemic insult in the rat. The ischemic lesion was consistently localized in the dorsolateral part of the striatum, which was clearly visualized by a depletion of c...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(93)90225-c
更新日期：1993-07-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to identify the functional fields activated in relation to the self-paced proximal and distal arm movements. The regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured with positron emission tomography (PET) and 15O-labelled H2O (H2(15)O) in eight healthy subjects. All subjects performed the fo...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(96)00032-7
更新日期：1996-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) is a potent neuroexcitatory compound which acts at the quisqualate class of excitatory amino acid receptors. In this study we describe the pharmacological characteristics and anatomical distribution of [3H]AMPA binding sites in rat brain using quantitativ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(84)90636-x
更新日期：1984-12-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Previously, we had shown that ammonium chloride (ammonia)-induced accumulation of cyclic GMP in the microdialysates of rat striatum is blocked by taurine. In this study, coinfusion with taurine of a GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline or a glycine receptor antagonist strychnine (100 microM each), separately, restore...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2005.02.066
更新日期：2005-05-10 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study we analyzed the effect of ascorbate (0.8 mM)/Fe2+ (2.5 microM)-induced membrane lipid peroxidation on the levels of intracellular free calcium,[Ca2+]i and on the possible mechanisms involved in the perturbation of intracellular calcium homeostasis during oxidative stress. For this purpose, the inf...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(95)01554-x
更新日期：1996-03-25 00:00:00
abstract：:In the zebrafish olfactory epithelium, three morphologically distinct olfactory neurons express different marker proteins. We utilize this feature to access developmental dynamics of one of the neuron types, the crypt cells, to determine whether they are differentiated at a stage similar to other olfactory neurons. Im...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2011.01.087
更新日期：2011-04-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuropeptide-Y (NPY) cells in the intergeniculate leaflet (IGL) are known to modulate effects of arousal on the mammalian circadian system. However, the route through which this information reaches the IGL has not been established. Here, we provide evidence that the orexins (hypocretins) are uniquely positioned as a p...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2005.06.043
更新日期：2005-08-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution of antidiabetic sulfonylurea [( 3H]glibenclamide) binding sites is heterogeneous in rat brain. Pyramidal and extrapyramidal motor system contain the highest densities of sites, particularly in the substantia nigra and in the globus pallidus. Only low levels are present in the hypothalamic nuclei and t...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(89)91288-2
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative [125I]protein G-based immunohistochemistry was used to map the distribution of beta1 thyroid hormone receptor (TRbeta1) in normal and thyroidectomized adult rat brain, using a previously characterized polyclonal antibody. The distribution of TRbeta1-like immunoreactivity in normal brain was largely but no...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00450-2
更新日期：1997-06-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurotensin is a putative peptide neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain. The light microscopic localization of the neurotensin receptor has been carried out by the autoradiographic localization of [3H]neurotensin binding sites in slide-mounted tissue sections. Large variations in receptor distribution were found, ev...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(81)90532-1
更新日期：1981-02-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Amphetamine withdrawal is associated with heightened anxiety-like behavior, which is directly driven by blunted stress-induced glucocorticoid receptor-dependent serotonin release in the ventral hippocampus. This suggests that glucocorticoid availability in the ventral hippocampus during stress may be reduced during am...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2016.05.030
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of acute opiate receptor stimulation on regional cerebral oxygen consumption and blood flow were examined in 9 regions of the artificially respired, alpha-chloralose-anesthetized cat. Regional cerebral arterial and venous oxygen saturation were examined microspectrophotometrically and regional cerebral blo...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(84)91262-9
更新日期：1984-01-23 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the contribution of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxalole-4-propionic acid (AMPA)/kainate (KA) receptors to the light-responses of rabbit retinal neurons. In the outer retina, bath application of the AMPA/KA receptor antagonists 6,7-dinitro-quinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX) ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01448-1
更新日期：1999-06-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Neural plasticity of afferent pain pathways that is induced by prolonged or repeated noxious stimuli may contribute to activate intrinsic inhibitory mechanisms in CNS. In order to clarify the role of the monoaminergic descending inhibitory system in acute nociception and inflammatory pain, we examined if this inhibito...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(98)01086-5
更新日期：1998-12-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell cultures of olfactory bulb from 2-3-day-old rats were used to evaluate 6 antimitotic drugs for their effects on neuronal survival. In cultures grown in medium without drugs for 7 days, neurons died as a layer of non-neuronal cells proliferated. A series of experiments were performed to determine dilutions and exp...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(83)90629-7
更新日期：1983-02-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Bilateral 6-hydroxydopamine microinjections into the substantia nigra abolished both the locomotor and stereotyped responses to d-amphetamine in adult rats. The lesions resulted in a depletion of over 99 per cent of striatal tyrosine hydroxylase activity (indicating a near total lesion of the nigro-striatal dopamine ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(75)90834-3
更新日期：1975-01-17 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) in mediating the enhanced gastric contractility induced by glutamate (100 pmol) microinjected into the raphe pallidus (Rpa) was investigated in urethane-anesthetized rats acutely implanted with miniature strain gauge force transducers on...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(94)91035-9
更新日期：1994-02-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Locally applied ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) has a powerful effect on retrograde axonal reaction following facial nerve crush in neonatal rats. We examined whether it also exerts a strong effect on retrograde axonal reaction in young adult rats when administered subcutaneously. The dose was 1 mg/kg body weight, ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(95)01512-4
更新日期：1996-04-22 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to identify the medullary vagal nuclei involved in the different phases of swallowing activated physiologically in a species with an esophagus similar to human. In decerebrate cats, the pharyngeal (0.5-1.0 ml water in pharynx (N=6)) or esophageal (1-3 ml air in esophagus (N=5)) phases of swal...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2004.03.061
更新日期：2004-07-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of amphetamine were examined in a brain stimulation reward paradigm in which response rate was measured across a range of stimulation frequencies. Both low (0.0625 and 0.125 mg/kg) and high (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg) doses of systemic amphetamine decreased the stimulation frequency needed to sustain low rate...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(88)90653-1
更新日期：1988-09-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) on peripheral nerve regeneration was studied in 6-week-old rats following sciatic nerve transection and juxtaposition of proximal and distal stumps. Rats received intraperitoneal recombinant human CNTF, 1 mg/kg every other day for 12 days. In all CNTF-treated animals, t...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(94)91621-7
更新日期：1994-08-29 00:00:00
abstract：:To test the hypothesis that enkephalins, substance P, bradykinin and angiotensin II could act as neurohumoral modulators of hypothalamic function, these peptides (0.01-20 microgram) were injected into the general circulation of anesthetized rats, and changes in hypothalamo-neurohypophysial activity were determined by ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(81)90214-6
更新日期：1981-09-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Extracellular recordings were obtained from spontaneously active neurones located in the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve ( DMX ) in slices of the rat brainstem. Oxytocin applied to the bath at concentrations of 10(-7) M or 10(-6) M excited 79% of these cells in a concentration-dependent, reversible manner. The rem...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(84)91342-8
更新日期：1984-05-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Three groups of rats, one with amygdala lesions, one with hippocampal lesions and a control group were trained on a brightness discrimination task under one of three different conditions, enhancement of the negative cue, enhancement of the positive cue or a non-enhanced condition. Animals with amygdala lesions showed ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(77)90621-7
更新日期：1977-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The understanding of sarcasm reflects a complex process, which involves recognizing the beliefs of the speaker. There is a clear association between deficits in mentalizing, which is the ability to understand other people's behavior in terms of their mental state, and the understanding of sarcasm in individuals with a...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.09.088
更新日期：2006-12-08 00:00:00
