Abstract：
:The aim of this study was to identify the medullary vagal nuclei involved in the different phases of swallowing activated physiologically in a species with an esophagus similar to human. In decerebrate cats, the pharyngeal (0.5-1.0 ml water in pharynx (N=6)) or esophageal (1-3 ml air in esophagus (N=5)) phases of swallowing were stimulated separately once per minute for 3 h, and we compared the resulting c-fos immunoreactivity within neuronal cell nuclei of the dorsal motor nucleus (DMN), nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and nucleus ambiguus (NA) with a sham control group (N=5). We found that the pharyngeal phase was associated with an elevated number of c-fos positive neurons in the intermediate (NTSim), interstitial (NTSis), ventromedial (NTSvm) subnuclei of the NTS, caudal DMN, and dorsal NA; and the esophageal phase was associated with an elevated number of c-fos positive neurons in the central (NTSce), ventral, dorsolateral, ventrolateral subnuclei of the NTS, rostral DMN, and ventral NA. We concluded that the pharyngeal and esophageal phases of swallowing are associated with different sets of NTS subnuculei; and the DMN and NA may contain functionally different populations of motor neurons situated rostrocaudally and dorsoventrally associated with the different phases of swallowing. The central pattern generator (CPG) for swallowing probably receives significant peripheral feedback, and the NTSvm may participate in the transition of the pharyngeal to the esophageal phase of swallowing.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Lang IM,Dean C,Medda BK,Aslam M,Shaker Rdoi
10.1016/j.brainres.2004.03.061subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-07-16 00:00:00pages
145-63issue
1-2eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
S0006899304005876journal_volume
1014pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:38 primary afferents originating from de-efferented cat tibialis anterior muscle spindles were investigated. Ramp-and-hold stretches of the host muscle were performed with a varying amount of muscle pre-stretch while recording the primary afferent discharges. From the discharge responses an interspike interval functio...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(93)91650-h
更新日期：1993-05-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased neurogenesis by promoting proliferation of neural precursor cells in the adult dentate gyrus might be beneficial for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Results demonstrate that bFGF is necessary for the proliferation of neural precursor cells and that the glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and β-caten...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2012.11.034
更新日期：2013-01-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The interpeduncular nucleus (IPN) was stimulated electrically while single-cell activity was recorded in the nucleus raphe magnus (NRM) of rats under pentobarbital anesthesia. Two classes of NRM cell were examined, those inhibited (off-cells) and those excited (on-cells) by noxious mechanical skin stimulation. Off-cel...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(90)91476-w
更新日期：1990-07-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Peripheral axotomy in neonatal rats induces neuronal death. We studied the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and cell death promoter Bax in spinal cord of neonatal rats after sciatic transection and treatment with melatonin, a neuroprotective substance. Pups were unilaterally axotomized at P2 and received melatonin (1 mg/k...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.021
更新日期：2006-09-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The time courses for development of neuronal and behavioral tolerance to diazepam (DZ) were estimated in rats continuously exposed to low levels of DZ for 3, 7, 14 or 21 days. Microiontophoretic sensitivity of dorsal raphe neurons to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was initially facilitated after short-term exposure to...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(87)90993-0
更新日期：1987-03-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral ischemia initiates an inflammatory response in the brain that is associated with the induction of a variety of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1alpha/beta (IL-1alpha/beta) that contributes to stroke injury. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in spon...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,收录出版
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.11.080
更新日期：2007-02-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The lack of the glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1) leads to early postnatal death due to failure of respiratory network activity. Here we demonstrate a segregated expression of GlyT1 on different astroglial cell populations of the ventral respiratory group. In TgN(hGFAP-EGFP) mice a combined immunohistochemical and electro...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.08.089
更新日期：2006-11-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Intrathecal administration of alpha(2) adrenergic agonists, such as clonidine, is capable of alleviating neuropathic pain. Recent studies suggest that spinal nitric oxide (NO) mediates the analgesic effect of intrathecal clonidine. Furthermore, compared to nicotinic receptors, spinal muscarinic receptors play a greate...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02051-5
更新日期：2000-04-10 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to identify fixed versus flexible aspects of swallowing and oromotor control, we developed a method for the concurrent analysis of swallow frequency, swallow volume, and the temporal correlation between swallowing and rhythmic orolingual movements during prolonged bouts of fluid ingestion in unanesthetized, u...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(89)91135-9
更新日期：1989-10-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Qualitative and computer-assisted analyses were performed on Golgi-impregnated neurons which were serially reconstructed in 3 dimensions. Analysis of the temporal pattern of growth indicated that the initial outgrowth, formation of the adult number of dendrites and virtually all dendritic branching occurred in the pre...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-3806(86)90192-6
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electrophysiological characteristics were described for neurons of the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) which receive baroreceptive and somatosensory inputs in the rat. Following focal electrical stimulation in the ipsilateral caudal nucleus of the tractus solitarii (NTS), the firing rates of these neurons were increased in...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(91)91704-5
更新日期：1991-12-06 00:00:00
abstract：:In spite of the numerous reports on the optic fiber distribution in the optic nerve and tract of vertebrates, there have been few studies of the visual pathway in reptiles. The arrangement of fibers in the optic nerve and tract of the turtle Mauremys leprosa was studied by placing a small granule of carbocyanine dye (...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2007.10.016
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twelve weeks after focal ventrolateral cerebrocortical suction lesions (ca. 12 X 4 mm) were made in rats, concentrations of the monoamines norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), and serotonin (5-HT) and their metabolites were measured in several cortical and subcortical brain regions using high performance liquid chromat...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(85)90796-6
更新日期：1985-10-07 00:00:00
abstract：:PCP (10 mg/kg, s.c.) causes hypertension that is associated with decrease or tendency to decrease the levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine in the hypothalamus and the brainstem regions. If this represents a decreased catecholaminergic activity, then this may enhance sympathetic activity and contribute to the PCP-i...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(84)90184-7
更新日期：1984-11-12 00:00:00
abstract：:The sometimes devastating mood swings of bipolar disorder are prevented by treatment with selected antiepileptic drugs, or with lithium. Abnormal membrane ion channel expression and excitability in brain neurons likely underlie bipolar disorder, but explaining therapeutic effects in these terms has faced an unresolved...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2010.07.021
更新日期：2010-09-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) is a neuronal messenger that it is thought to be involved in the nociceptive transmission modulation. The activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPH-d) was shown to be identical to NOS activity in the brain. Since the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) plays an important ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00255-8
更新日期：1998-05-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Infusions of angiotensin II (AII) or carbachol (CBC) into the lateral ventricles of rats which had been depleted of sodium 4 h previously with either furosemide or polyethylene glycol produced significant changes in salt appetite and sodium and water balances relative to rats infused with saline vehicle. Infusions of ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(85)90860-1
更新日期：1985-11-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have found that the primary change in the brain of chronic alcoholics is a selective loss of white matter in cerebral hemispheres. It is unknown whether the loss of white matter is due to alcohol-induced degeneration of axons in white matter, and this hypothesis has never been tested. We used a newly ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2004.09.035
更新日期：2004-12-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway show enhanced locomotor and stereotyped behaviors when challenged with direct and indirect dopamine (DA) agonists due to the development of postsynaptic supersensitivity. To determine if this phenomenon generalizes to other motor behaviors, we h...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02753-0
更新日期：2000-10-06 00:00:00
abstract：:This article has been removed, consistent with Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal. Please see (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2009.10.003
更新日期：2009-10-14 00:00:00
abstract：:To better understand the contributions of effort on cortical activation associated with motor tasks, healthy participants with varying capacities for isolating the control of individual finger movements performed tasks consisting of a single concurrent abduction of all digits (Easy) and paired finger abduction with di...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2009.09.005
更新日期：2009-12-08 00:00:00
abstract：:The rat mutant dystonic displays an autosomal recessive neurological disease characterized by slow, twisting movements of the limbs and trunk. Rats displaying clinical signs also show a decreased behavioral response to the dopaminergic blocker, haloperidol. Investigation of the development of the cataleptic response t...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(84)90920-x
更新日期：1984-08-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Horizontal eye movements, elicited by sinusoidal rotation in darkness, were recorded with a magnetic search coil technique in pigmented rats, hemilabyrinthectomised 8-12 weeks before the investigation. Separate gains during rotation towards the lesioned side (LS) and the intact side (IS) were calculated by a computer ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00329-1
更新日期：1998-06-08 00:00:00
abstract：:The 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic led to a particularly high risk of morbidity and mortality among pregnant women. Therefore, inactivated influenza vaccines have been widely recommended for women in any period of gestation. Recent studies have shown that the peripheral adaptive immune system plays an important role ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2014.09.076
更新日期：2014-12-10 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been demonstrated that repeated, subcutaneous administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) to rats, guinea pigs, and squirrel monkeys produces long-lasting depletions of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) in several brain regions. Since evidence of degenerating 5-HT neurons has been observed in...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(89)90700-2
更新日期：1989-05-29 00:00:00
abstract：:A site-specific antibody against the principal gap junctional protein in heart (connexin 43) was used to determine immunohistochemically the cellular localization of this protein in rat brain. Structures labelled with the antibody included gap junctional membranes between glial, ependymal, pial and arachnoid cells as ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(90)90415-8
更新日期：1990-02-05 00:00:00
abstract：:In most vertebrates and several insects, melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is synthesized enzymatically from serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) by the sequential action of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT). In the freshwater planarian Dugesia japonica, which bel...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01418-3
更新日期：1999-05-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) activity and the central terminal fields of branches of the mandibular and chorda tympani nerves were visualized histochemically at the same time using transganglionic transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. The blue NA...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01210-9
更新日期：1998-01-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The default mode network (DMN) is characterised by coherent very low frequency (VLF) neural oscillations in the resting brain. The attenuation of this activity has been demonstrated following the transition from rest to performance of a broad range of cognitive goal-directed tasks. Whether the activity of resting stat...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2013.05.043
更新日期：2013-08-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Little is known about the cells or mechanisms of O2 chemoreception in vertebrates other than mammals. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to identify O2-sensitive chemoreceptors in a fish. Putative O2-sensitive chemoreceptors were dissociated from the gills of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, and cultured. ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.03.085
更新日期：2006-05-30 00:00:00
