Abstract:
:Bilateral adrenalectomy (ADX) leads to increased ACTH synthesis and secretion. It is thought that endogenous glucocorticoids exert a feedback mechanism at both pituitary and brain levels. The present study has been performed in order to determine the effect of ADX on the release of hypothalamic neuropeptides with corticotropin-releasing activity (CRA) and if there exists a median eminence site of glucocorticoid action to regulate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function. Adrenalectomized and sham-operated male rats were killed at different periods after surgery (2, 5, 7 and 14 days) and trunk blood was collected for ACTH and corticosterone (B) concentrations measurement. Brain (median eminence, ME; and medial basal hypothalamus, MBH) and pituitary (anterior lobe, AP; and neurointermediate lobe, NIL) tissues were dissected in order to evaluate either peptide content or in vitro hormone release. The results indicate that ADX blunted plasma B levels and increased AP ACTH content and secretion in a time-related fashion up to the 14th day. ADX significantly decreased both CRF and CRA contents in the ME at all periods studied; ME arginine-vasopressin (AVP) increased 7 and 14 days after ADX. MBH CRF decreased after ADX, but returned to sham value 2 weeks later; similarly, MBH AVP decreased at all periods after ADX. Removal of endogenous glucocorticoids did not vary neither oxytocin (OXY) content in the ME and MBH nor AVP and OXY contents in the NIL. In our superfusion experiments, we found that ADX increased basal AVP release and did not change spontaneous CRF secretion from ME terminals. Dexamethasone (Dxm, 10 nM) diminished AVP but not CRF output by ME tissues from adrenalectomized rats. A direct relationship was found between ME CRF and 28 mM KCl (hK+)-induced CRF release by MEs from adrenalectomized rats. ME fragments from adrenalectomized rats were hyperresponsive to kH+ stimulation of AVP release. Dxm (10 nM) decreased the hK(+)-evoked CRF and AVP release by MEs from adrenalectomized rats. ADX and dexamethasone treatment did not influence basal and hK(+)-elicited ME OXY release. Additionally, a rapid glucocorticoid inhibitory effect on ACTH secretion by isolated AP cells from both sham and adrenalectomized rats was found, and an in vitro corticotrope hyporesponse to 0.63 nM CRF and 9.25 nM AVP stimulation during several days after ADX.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
journal_name
Neuroendocrinologyjournal_title
Neuroendocrinologyauthors
Spinedi E,Giacomini M,Jacquier MC,Gaillard RCdoi
10.1159/000125713subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-02-01 00:00:00pages
160-70issue
2eissn
0028-3835issn
1423-0194journal_volume
53pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The effect of intravertebral infusion of angiotensin II on cardiac vagal efferent activity was studied in anesthetized mongrel dogs. Unilateral infusion of doses of angiotensin II as low as 5 ng/kg/min inhibited basal vagal tone and also decreased the slope of the relationship between cardiac vagal efferent activity a...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124120
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of aging on the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in vitro and of luteinizing hormone (LH) both in vivo and in vitro in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats was studied. Old (21-24 months) and young (3-4 months) rats were Ovx before use. They were injected subcutaneously with estradiol benzoate (25 micr...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125562
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin-deficient states are associated with an impaired function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, but the mechanisms underlying hypothalamic alterations in experimental diabetes are still unknown. We investigated the effect of glucose concentrations, in the presence and absence of insulin, on LHRH release ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126257
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histamine (HA) stimulates the release of the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptides ACTH, beta-endorphin (beta-END), beta-lipotropin and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, and HA is involved in the mediation of the stress-induced release of these peptides. The effect of HA is indirect and may involve the hypo...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126258
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The caudal portion of the spinal cord of elasmobranch fish incorporates a diffuse neuroendocrine system. Using an antiserum raised against urotensin II from a teleost fish (goby) to facilitate purification, a peptide structurally related to urotensin II was isolated in pure form from an extract of neuroendocrine tissu...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126119
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The pituitary gland has a high expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) and is therefore a potential organ at risk for radiation-induced toxicity after 177Lu-DOTATATE treatment. OBJECTIVE:To study changes in pituitary function in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) treated with dosimetry-based ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000507761
更新日期:2020-04-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Type I gastric carcinoids (TIGCs) are neuroendocrine neoplasms arising from enterochromaffin-like cells in atrophic body gastritis. Data regarding their evolution in prospective series are scarce, thus treatment and follow-up are not codified. Our aim was to evaluate clinical outcome and recurrence in TIGCs ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000329043
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies were conducted to determine if the hypothermic effects of barbiturates were responsible for their ability to suppress luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in rats following ovariectomy or treatment with gonadal steroids. In both ovariectomized rats and rats treated with estradiol and progesterone, pentobarbital ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124822
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infusion of 2 nmol atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) into the third cerebroventricle of conscious, orchidectomized male rats results in a significant inhibition of prolactin (PRL) secretion. This effect is prevented by prior treatment with the dopamine receptor antagonist, domperidone. Furthermore, domperidone reverses ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124922
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pit-1 expression has been reported to be cell-type-specific in the adult human pituitary and in human pituitary adenomas. In contrast, studies of rodent fetal adenohypophysial development as well as mature rodent glands have indicated that the pit-1 mRNA is ubiquitously expressed and the protein is under translational...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126975
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is extensive evidence that serotonin (5-HT) is implicated in the neuroendocrine control regulating the secretion of several anterior pituitary hormones. It has also been reported that the posterior pituitary is necessary for prolactin (PRL) response to 5-HT as well as to suckling, in which 5-HT implication has b...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000054381
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown that the diterpene forskolin, a compound which increases intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP), causes a concentration-dependent release of luteinizing hormone (LH) by continuously perifused anterior pituitary cells from female rats. To test the hypothesis that cAMP-associated LH release is an estro...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125920
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of altering gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) activity on growth hormone (GH) secretion of freely moving chronically cannulated male rats was studied. Systemic injection of the GABA agonist muscimol (2 mg/kg i.v.) inhibited the anticipated secretory episode. Increasing brain GABA levels by gamma-acetylenic-GAB...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124031
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have indicated that 30 min of swimming in room temperature water is a potent stimulus for the secretion of beta-endorphin (beta E) from the intermediate lobe (IL) of the pituitary in rodents. Repeated daily challenge with this paradigm over days to weeks leads to a progressive increase in proopiomelan...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126553
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro release of LHRH from hypothalami of adult male rats (intact, 5-day castrates, 5-day castrates replaced with various doses of testosterone) was measured under basal conditions and after the addition of KCl, the opiate antagonist naloxone or the opiate agonist DAGO to the perifusion medium. Hypothalami from...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124662
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of hepatic vagotomy upon the circadian rhythm of lipogenesis and body fat store levels were tested in seasonally obese Syrian hamsters. Lipogenesis was studied 8 weeks after surgery by measuring the incorporation of label into epididymal and retroperitoneal fat pad lipid in animals killed 30 min after intr...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125531
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potential involvement of the sympathoadrenal system in stress-induced secretion of peptides from the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland and the activation of the pituitary-adrenal axis was studied. Male Wistar rats were subjected to control procedures, to sympathectomy by chronic administration (8 weeks) of ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124746
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Early pubertal luteinizing hormone (LH), and by inference gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), pulse secretion is marked by high nocturnal but low daytime frequency; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Plasma concentrations of progesterone, the major regulator of GnRH frequency in women, increa...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000336395
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have suggested that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the hypothalamus plays a tonic inhibitory role in the control of the luteinizing hormone (LH) release in intact male rats. To assess whether feedback from the testis alters the inhibitory GABAergic tone in the medial preoptic area (MPO) of male rats, an in vivo ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000066625
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of neuropeptides to act as precursors for smaller, biologically active fragments is discussed in terms of their biotransformation. This process may involve cleavage of the parent peptide by peptidase enzymes to produce shorter polypeptides with defined biological activity, though other enzymic processes su...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124039
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Acromegaly is commonly complicated by arthropathy and skeletal fragility with high risk of vertebral fractures (VFs). OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to assess whether VFs may be associated with sagittal spine deformities, arthropathy, impaired quality of life (QoL), pain and disability. METHODS:Thirty-eight ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000511811
更新日期:2020-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::Brain angiotensin II (AII) receptors play a role in the regulation of luteinizing hormone release. This action is thought to involve luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone containing neurons in the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic (POAH) area of the brain. Previous studies have demonstrated a discrete locus of AII recept...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126225
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common and complex endocrinopathy with reproductive, metabolic, and psychological features and significantly increased cardiometabolic risks. PCOS is underpinned by inherent insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. Obesity, more common in PCOS, plays an important role in the patho...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000455233
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Grafts of normal mouse preoptic area (POA) tissue into the third ventricle of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-deficient hypogonadal (hpg) mice resulted in an elevation of pituitary GnRH receptors, an increased synthesis of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by the pituitary gland, a...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124762
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possible implication of the amygdaloid central nucleus (ACE) of the rat in the control of ACTH secretion in response to immobilization stress was assessed. The ACTH secretion, in response to stress and/or bilateral lesions of the ACE, was correlated with the serotoninergic activity in specific hypothalamic and amy...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124652
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The following fragments of LHRH were administered intraventricularly and tested for their ability to enhance sexual receptivity in ovariectomized, estrogen-primed female rats: LHRH1-6 NH2, Ac-LHRH5-10, des-Tyr5-LHRH and des-Gly10-LHRH. LHRH1-6 NH2 had no effect on sexual behavior compared to saline-infused controls. A...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123503
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The level of thyroid hormone in blood has been acutely decreased by about 20--30% within 20 min with the aid of isovolemic exchange transfusion (IET) of thyroid hormone free blood cell suspension (THFBCS) in three groups of rats: (1) intact control (C); (2) median eminence (ME)-lesioned; (3) thalamus (TH)-lesioned. Th...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122711
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intestinal gluconeogenesis is a recently described function in intestinal glucose metabolism. In particular, the intestine contributes around 20-25% of total endogenous glucose production during fasting. Intestinal gluconeogenesis appears to regulate energy homeostasis via a neurally mediated mechanism linking the ent...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000369070
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immobilization of adult male rats resulted in concomitant, significant releases of prolactin (PRL) and oxytocin (OT). Naloxone (0.2 mg/kg, i.p.) administration 30 min prior to initiation of restraint resulted in a significant diminution of the PRL response to stress. On the other hand, a significant augmentation of OT...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124053
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effects of selected leukotrienes and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) on prolactin release from primary cultures of female rats anterior pituitary cells. Leukotrienes B4, C4, and D4 had no effect on basal prolactin release; however, they did enhance prolactin release that was stimulated by 1 or 5 n...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125042
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00