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Stress- and cue-elicited craving and reactivity in marijuana-dependent individuals.

Abstract：

RATIONALE:Cue-elicited craving and stress responses have been identified as predictors of relapse in drug dependence, but little research exists on the contribution of these factors to marijuana use specifically. OBJECTIVES:The aims of the present study were to evaluate (1) responses to a psychological stressor, (2) responses to marijuana-related cues, and (3) if an exposure to a psychological stressor augmented craving subsequently elicited by marijuana-related cue exposure in marijuana-dependent individuals. METHODS:Subjective (craving, stress), neuroendocrine (adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol), and physiologic responses to the presentation of neutral and marijuana cues were assessed after randomization to a stress (Trier Social Stress Task (TSST)) or non-stress control condition in marijuana-dependent individuals. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline, post-stressor/pre-neutral cue, post-neutral cue, and post-marijuana cue. RESULTS:Eighty-seven participants completed procedures (stress group, n = 45; non-stress group, n = 42). The stress group had a significant increase over the non-stress group in stress rating (p < 0.001), craving (p = 0.028), cortisol (p < 0.001), and ACTH (p < 0.001) after the completion of the TSST. An increased craving response for all participants was seen following the presentation of the marijuana cues (p = 0.005). Following the TSST or non-stress condition, the non-stress group had an increase in craving to marijuana cues as compared to neutral cues (p = 0.002); an increase in craving was not observed in the stress group (p = 0.404). CONCLUSIONS:Marijuana cue exposure and a social stressor increased craving in marijuana-dependent individuals. Completion of the TSST did not increase craving response to subsequent marijuana cue exposure.

journal_name

Psychopharmacology (Berl)

journal_title

Psychopharmacology

authors

McRae-Clark AL,Carter RE,Price KL,Baker NL,Thomas S,Saladin ME,Giarla K,Nicholas K,Brady KT

doi

10.1007/s00213-011-2376-3

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2011-11-01 00:00:00

pages

49-58

issue

eissn

0033-3158

issn

1432-2072

journal_volume

218

pub_type

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Stress- and cue-elicited craving and reactivity in marijuana-dependent individuals.