Abstract:
:Herrnstein's matching equation was used to analyze drug effects on performance in random interval reinforcement schedules. Pimozide caused effects compatible with both motor and motivational impairments, in a 5-component multiple schedule, a 3-schedule 3-day cycle (ALT-3), and a 2-schedule 2-day cycle (ALT-2). However, at low doses, both sulpiride and SCH-23390, tested in the ALT-3 and ALT-2 procedures, caused effects compatible with selective motivational impairments. In experiments using the non-multiple schedules, motivational effects increased during the course of the experimental session, under all three drugs. The interpretation of "motor" and "motivational" deficits in the ALT-2 procedure was validated by experiments in which the response-force and deprivation level were systematically varied. The results support the view that dopamine may be involved in the maintenance of rewarded behaviour, but not differentially implicate the D1 or the D2 receptor subtype.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Willner P,Sampson D,Phillips G,Muscat Rdoi
10.1007/BF02244238subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-01-01 00:00:00pages
560-7issue
4eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
101pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Aggressive rats could be differentiated from non-aggressive rats on a lower rate of rearing reactions in the open-field activity, as well as on a weaker aptitude for learning, increasing with the complication of the test. The two groups of rats had comparable activity, and a comparable response to pain. Apomorphine de...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00423303
更新日期:1976-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::In a test of conditioned punishment, saline-treated controls showed a moderate bias in responding away from a lever producing a response-contingent auditory conditioned stimulus (CS) that had been paired with mild footshock during training and towards a lever producing a neutral auditory CS. Systemic treatment with th...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130050174
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a 15-s intershock interval, an increase in shock-induced fighting was observed following intraventricular 96 microgram 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) and 90 microgram 6-hydroxydopa (6-OHdopa). The incidence of predatory mouse killing was enhanced by 5,7-DHT, but was not affected by 6-OHdopa. Pain sensitivity ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00432684
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Dysfunction of glutamatergic neurotransmission has been implicated in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and recent clinical reports suggest that some glutamate modulating agents are efficacious in the treatment of this disorder. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a readily available amino acid...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1007/s00213-005-0246-6
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The discriminative stimulus (DS) effect of apomorphine was investigated in rats trained in a two-lever, food-reinforcement procedure. Rats were given subcutaneous injections of saline or 0.1 mg/kg apomorphine HCl, 15 min before training sessions. The training dose of apomorphine was chosen to activate dopamine autorec...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00690928
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute tolerance, defined as a decreasing drug effect relative to drug-plasma levels (DPL) over a period of minutes to a few hours, is pronounced following single doses of diazepam or pentobarbital. Both of these lipid-soluble drugs produce an early peak behavioral impairment and subsequent rapid recovery component tha...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00427800
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concentration of kynurenine in plasma from depressed patients and control subjects has been measured using a sensitive and specific method. The levels of kynurenine in the plasma of depressed patients and controls are not significantly different and are not influenced by age or sex. The severity of affective distu...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00426632
更新日期:1978-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:We test methods to advance (shift earlier) circadian rhythms without producing misalignment between rhythms and sleep. We previously tested (1) a gradually advancing sleep/dark schedule plus morning bright light and afternoon/evening melatonin and (2) the same sleep schedule with only morning bright light. No...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-012-2869-8
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:An important goal of addiction research is to discover neurobiological markers that could predict the severity of addiction and help to determine appropriate treatment. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) are being related to cerebral plasticity and imp...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3542-1
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-009-1533-4
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The noradrenergic system has repeatedly been implicated in the mediation of attentional processes. Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled design, the present investigation examines the effects of two doses (1.5 micrograms/kg and 2.5 micrograms/kg) of the alpha 2 adrenoceptor agonist clonidine (CLO) on performance of...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF02311180
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of meperidine on operant behavioral thermoregulation were investigated using a convective thermal controller and mice trained to alternate at will the thermal-drive condition, changing it from an air flow of 15 degrees C to one of 45 degrees C, and vice versa. Administration of 15 mg/kg meperidine resulted...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00491979
更新日期:1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The involvement of glutamate in fear extinction is perhaps the most promising in terms of facilitating clinical interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study was aimed at elucidating the possible role of zif268 on the D-cycloserine (DCS) facilitation effect on extinction. OBJECTIVE:We in...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-015-4042-7
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 2-[14C]deoxyglucose method was used to compare the effects of the acute administration of cocaine by two different routes, intravenous and intraperitoneal, on rates of local cerebral glucose utilization in freely moving rats. Doses were initially chosen on the basis of their ability to elicit equivalent increases ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244931
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Stimulation of central beta(2) adrenergic receptors produces antidepressant-like effects on behavior. At present, it is not known what brain sites are involved in mediating such effects, although some recent evidence suggests the importance of the dorsal hippocampus. OBJECTIVE:Experiments were carried out to...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1512-0
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00427494
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Muscimol, a structural analog of GABA, significantly potentiated pilocarpine-induced analgesia in rats, but failed to alter pilocarpine-induced catalepsy. It also failed to affect pilocarpine-elicited increase in homovanillic acid levels in the striatum. These findings suggest that the potentiation of pilocarpine-indu...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00432756
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of an acoustic startle response is impaired in schizophrenics. PPI can also be studied in the rat, and is impaired by dopamine (DA) D2/3 receptor agonists such as apomorphine. This disruption is reversed by DA antagonists, leading to proposals that this approach may be a useful means to ident...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02246437
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty rats were randomly assigned to three groups. Group 1 was given a 21-day exposure to an ethanol (EtOH) liquid diet, while Groups 2 and 3 were given equivalent amounts of an isocaloric non-EtOH liquid diet. Group 1 rats had withdrawal syndromes following EtOH removal. After a two-week recovery period, Groups 1 an...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00432279
更新日期:1979-01-31 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Hypersignaling of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) has been implicated in stress disorders; however, many of its downstream mechanisms of action remain unclear. In vitro, CRF1 receptor activation initiates multiple cell signaling cascades, including protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC), and mito...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3114-9
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00444707
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-019-05237-9
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice were trained on a one-trial inhibitory avoidance task and given immediate post-training intraperitoneal injections of cocaine (0.03-1.00 mg/kg). On a retention test 24 h later, the retention latencies of mice given the 0.10 mg/kg dose were significantly higher than those of the controls. The effect of cocaine on ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00589905
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Administration to mice of harmaline (100 mg/kg SC) resulted in a greater than two-fold increase in cyclic GMP in the cerebellum 15 min later. This response was inhibited by pretreatment 5 min before the harmaline with pentobarbital (ED50 6.5 mg/kg), chlormethiazole (ED50 10.4 mg/kg) and dizocilpine (ED50 0.5 mg/kg). H...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02257413
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Withdrawal was precipitated by naloxone at different intervals, up to 22.5 h, following a last maintenance injection in morphine-dependent rats. Different symptoms of withdrawal were found to be preeminent following different morphine-naloxone intervals. Locomotor activity, jumping, and writhing were precipitated most...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00426773
更新日期:1977-10-20 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Buprenorphine is a low-efficacy mu opioid agonist that can reduce drug taking in opioid abusers; however, the mechanism by which buprenorphine modifies the actions of other drug taking and the consequences of repeated treatment with buprenorphine are not fully understood. OBJECTIVE:The purposes of this study...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-001-0943-8
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new benzamide, cis-N-(1-benzyl-2-methylpyrrolidin - 3 - yl) - 5 - chloro - 2 - methoxy - 4 - methylaminobenzamide (YM-09151-2) exhibited more potent and longer-lasting inhibitory effects on apomorphine-induced behaviours (stereotyped behaviour, emesis and hypothermia), and methamphetamine-induced stereotyped behavio...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00429198
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study in ten normal volunteers assessed the effects of the subcutaneous administration of adrenaline on platelet MAO activity, in an attempt to replicate previous findings of increased MAO activity following adrenaline. Platelet counts, cortisol plasma concentrations, and...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF00430491
更新日期:1976-11-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-018-4834-7
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00