Abstract：
:The 2-[14C]deoxyglucose method was used to compare the effects of the acute administration of cocaine by two different routes, intravenous and intraperitoneal, on rates of local cerebral glucose utilization in freely moving rats. Doses were initially chosen on the basis of their ability to elicit equivalent increases in locomotor activity during the experimental procedure, and the time of cocaine administration relative to 2-[14C]deoxyglucose infusion was chosen so that the maximal behavioral effect occurred during maximal tracer incorporation. Changes in glucose utilization following the intraperitoneal administration of cocaine (10 mg/kg, 10 min before 2-deoxyglucose infusion) were restricted to the nigrostriatal system and related structures involved in the production of movement. Increased activity was observed in the substantia nigra pars reticulata, globus pallidus, and sensorimotor cortex. In contrast, intravenous cocaine administration (1 mg/kg, 2 min before tracer infusion) produced more widespread changes in rates of glucose utilization including portions of both the mesocorticolimbic and nigrostriatal systems. Areas in which metabolic activity was altered included the caudate-putamen, globus pallidus, substantia nigra pars reticulata, sensorimotor cortex, olfactory tubercle, nucleus accumbens, and medial prefrontal cortex. Both intravenous and intraperitoneal cocaine produced similar increases in locomotor activity. Additional studies indicated that the absence of metabolic activation in the mesocorticolimbic system following acute intraperitoneal cocaine was not the result of the specific dose chosen or the length of time between cocaine administration and radiotracer infusion, as no changes in metabolic activity in mesocorticolimbic structures were evident when these parameters were varied.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Porrino LJdoi
10.1007/BF02244931subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-01-01 00:00:00pages
343-51issue
2-3eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
112pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Using a conditioned avoidance procedure in rats, the present study examined the ability of 8-OH-DPAT, ritanserin, and prazosin to alter the effects of the dopamine antagonists, raclopride and haloperidol, on avoidance- and on escape responding. The 5-HT1A agonist 8-OH-DPAT (0.16 mg/kg) significantly enhanced the inhib...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130050124
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of benzodiazepine (triazolam 0.25 and 0.50 mg) on different aspects of cognitive function were assessed. Triazolam impaired free recall and recognition of information presented after drug administration. In contrast to these impairments in explicit memory, a memory function that did not require conscious a...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF02245415
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Previous studies indicate that the rewarding effect of D-1 dopamine receptor stimulation in nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell is greater in food-restricted (FR) than in ad libitum fed (AL) rats. The D-1 receptor is positively coupled to adenylyl cyclase and activates protein kinase A (PKA). OBJECTIVES:The purpos...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-011-2602-z
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Indirect-acting serotonin (5-HT) receptor agonists (e.g., selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors [SSRI]) stimulate multiple 5-HT receptors, although the role of particular receptors as well as interaction(s) among different receptors in the therapeutic effects of SSRIs is not fully understood. OBJECTIVES:Relativ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-010-2136-9
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chlordiazepoxide (CDP) and amphetamine (AMPH) were tested, alone or in combination, in BALB/c mice pretreated with alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (AMT) and subjected to shuttle-box avoidance training. CDP and AMPH, given alone, partly reversed avoidance depression induced by 50 mg/kg of AMT, but were ineffective in mice pret...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00433495
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Nicotine improves cognitive function in a number of animal models including rats, mice, monkeys, and recently, zebrafish. The zebrafish model allows higher throughput and ease in discovering mechanisms of cognitive improvement. MATERIALS AND METHODS:To further characterize the neural bases of nicotine effect...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-008-1287-4
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serotonin(5-HT)-stimulated intracellular calcium(Ca) mobilization was measured in the platelets of depressed patients to assess 5-HT2 receptor function. The 5-HT-induced Ca response was significantly higher in unmedicated patients with bipolar depression and melancholic major depression than in those with non-melancho...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02245204
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The increasing interest in subjective well-being and quality of life of schizophrenic patients represents a conceptual shift in therapeutic outcome criteria. Symptom reduction alone was the most essential outcome parameter for a long time; with the development of atypical antipsychotics more ambitious success criteria...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00213-002-1052-z
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Several lines of evidence suggest that the pathophysiology of schizophrenia may be associated with altered noradrenergic and glucoregulatory function. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to investigate these alterations during a perturbed homeostatic state. METHODS:Fifteen patients with schizophrenia and 13...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-004-1890-y
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Clinical data with 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients recently stimulated interest on the potential therapeutic use of psychedelics in disorders characterized by maladaptive memories, including substance use disorders (SUD). The rationale for the use of ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00213-017-4793-4
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Antiepileptic drugs are known to produce side effects which may impair driving performance. Performance effects, however, may differ substantially between individual antiepileptic drugs. OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of carbamazepine, remacemide, and placebo on actual driving performance during a 12-day i...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s002130100898
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Repeated methamphetamine (MA) use leads to increases in the incentive motivational properties of the drug as well as cognitive impairments. These behavioral alterations persist for some time following abstinence, and neuroadaptations in the structure and function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) are particularl...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-014-3840-7
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats were trained to discriminate fenfluramine (1.0 mg/kg) from saline in a two-lever drug discrimination task. The dose-response curve for this discrimination was orderly with an ED50 of about one-half of the training dose (0.52 mg/kg). In substitution tests, indirect (p-chloroamphetamine) and direct (quipazine, MK-2...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00429199
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:In humans, the retrieval of memories associated with an alcohol-related experience frequently evokes alcohol-seeking behaviour. The reconsolidation hypothesis states that a consolidated memory could again become labile and susceptible to disruption after memory retrieval. OBJECTIVES:The aim of our study was ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-009-1544-1
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats injected with doses of d-amphetamine 0--5.0 mg/kg were observed continuously in either an enclosed Y-maze or on an elevated Y-shaped platform. Patterns of increased walking and stereotypy were unaffected by the type of apparatus, but rearing remained totally suppressed at all dose levels on the elevated platform....
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00431954
更新日期：1979-04-25 00:00:00
abstract：:This study describes specific behaviours in guinea-pigs after dopamine D-1 and D-2 receptor activation which differed to those described in other rodent species. Intraperitoneal (IP) administration of the dopamine D-2 receptor agonist quinpirole (1.5, 3 and 6 mg/kg) to guinea-pigs dose-dependently initiated locomotor ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244179
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE:Because of the important role of dopamine in neurotransmission, it would be useful to be able to image brain dopamine receptor-mediated signal transduction in animals and humans. Administering the D1-D2 receptor agonist apomorphine may allow us to do this, as the D2-like receptor is reported to ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-008-1073-3
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Anxiety and aggression are associated with ethanol self-administration, but these behaviors can serve as either risk factors for or consequences of heavy drinking in rodents and humans. Baseline levels of aggressive-like and anxious-like behavior in non-human primates have not yet been characterized in relati...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-016-4427-2
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Approximately 20 million adults in the USA have an alcohol use disorder (AUD). There are clinical and preclinical data suggesting that psychedelics may have benefits for AUD. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of the synthetic psychedelic 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) on the behavioral effects of e...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-019-05328-7
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It was shown previously that behavioural effects of apomorphine (locomotor activation and stereotyped behaviour) can be conditioned when they are associated with well-defined environmental stimuli. In the present study, the hypothesis was tested that glutamatergic mechanisms play an important role either in formation ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244064
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Beneficial effects of nicotine on cognitive processes including attention have potential therapeutic uses and have been proposed as incentives for tobacco smoking. OBJECTIVES:To establish task conditions under which the effects of nicotine on attention are obtained reliably and to characterise such effects f...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-002-1005-6
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:While reserpine-induced oral movements (OM), an animal model of tardive dyskinesia, are more persistent in old than in adult rats, old animals present spontaneous OM, which are phenomenologically similar to those presented by reserpine-treated adult rats. We postulate that these OM may be the result of oxidat...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-002-1081-7
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The acute effect of ethanol upon the NSD (normalized slope descriptors) or Hjorth parameters of EEG were analyzed in 11 students. The maximal blood-alcohol concentration ranged from 1.0--1.7 mg/l. The activity (mean amplitude) increased and the complexity (frequency spread) decreased significantly as a function of tim...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00429184
更新日期：1978-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Cannabinoid antagonists purportedly have greater effects in reducing the intake of highly palatable food compared to less palatable food. However, this assertion is based on free-feeding studies in which the amount of palatable food eaten under baseline conditions is often confounded with other variables, suc...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-013-3366-4
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Reduced serotonin neurotransmission is implicated in disorders of impulse control, but the involvement of serotonin in inhibitory processes in healthy human subjects remains unclear. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the effects of an acute manipulation of serotonin and genotype at a functional polymorphism in a gen...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-005-0104-6
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The dopaminergic system, particularly D2-like dopamine receptors, has been strongly implicated in reward processing. Animal studies have emphasized the role of phasic dopamine (DA) signaling in reward-related learning, but these processes remain largely unexplored in humans. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effect...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-007-0957-y
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE:Depression symptoms are now recognized to be the predominant cause of disability for bipolar disorder (BD) patients. The treatment strategies for the depressed phase of BD remain more anecdotal than data-based. Olanzapine has been investigated as an alternative to antidepressants and a mood stab...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-014-3453-1
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Single oral and intramuscular (i.m.) doses of imipramine (IMI) were administered to four normal males. Serum and urine concentrations of IMI, desipramine (DMI) and their unconjugated 2-hydroxy metabolites were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Urinary conjugated 2-hydroxy metabolites were also me...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00427676
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mice ran in a circular runway. Some received milk at every third circuit in a designated direction, clockwise or counterclockwise, in daily 1000-s sessions. Under control conditions, about 10 times as many circuits were made in the reinforced direction as in the non-reinforced direction. Cocaine (10, 30, 100 microM/kg...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244125
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Antidepressants (ADs) are slow to produce their therapeutic effect. This long latency promotes the development of new strategies to short their onset of action. Previous reports indicated that 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) promotes the antidepressant-like activity of fluoxetine (FLX) and desipramine (DMI) in the fo...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-008-1291-8
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
