N-acetylcysteine augmentation in serotonin reuptake inhibitor refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder.

abstract：:The relationship between nicotine yield as determined by the FTC method and nicotine absorption was examined in 72 smokers in a more rigorous repetition of a previous study of 33 smokers. For this study, 113 smokers evenly distributed across four FTC "tar" yield ranges were recruited, only 72 demonstrated reasonable c...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Byrd GD,Davis RA,Caldwell WS,Robinson JH,deBethizy JD

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Although environmental enrichment renders rats more sensitive to the neurobehavioral effects of acute amphetamine, a previous study found that enriched rats self-administer less amphetamine than isolated rats at a low unit dose (0.03 mg/kg per infusion). In that study, however, acquisition of self-administrat...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Green TA,Gehrke BJ,Bardo MT

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Repeated social stress experiences engender "behavioral sensitization" and may also increase the potential for abuse of psychomotor stimulants, particularly cocaine use during "binges." OBJECTIVE:Experimental protocols were designed to induce behavioral sensitization through exposures to social-defeat stress...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Covington HE 3rd,Miczek KA

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Marked changes in biophysical properties, including structural order, have been observed in the hydrophobic core of cell membranes exposed to phenothiazines in vitro. In this study, similar changes are reported in vivo in cell membranes from the brains of rats treated with phenothiazines at doses thought to yield tiss...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Cohen BM,Zubenko GS

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human eyeblink conditioning, a relatively simple form of learning and memory, has previously been shown to be impaired by the central and peripheral anticholinergic scopolamine. The present study compared the behavioral effects of scopolamine with the benzodiazepine lorazepam and a peripherally active anticholinergic,...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Bahro M,Schreurs BG,Sunderland T,Molchan SE

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Many addictive drugs are known to have effects on learning and memory, and these effects could motivate future drug use. Specifically, addictive drugs may affect memory of emotional events and experiences in ways that are attractive to some users. However, few studies have investigated the effects of addictiv...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Ballard ME,Gallo DA,de Wit H

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Beneficial effects of nicotine on cognitive processes including attention have potential therapeutic uses and have been proposed as incentives for tobacco smoking. OBJECTIVES:To establish task conditions under which the effects of nicotine on attention are obtained reliably and to characterise such effects f...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hahn B,Shoaib M,Stolerman IP

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) that selectively inhibit the MAO-A or MAO-B forms of MAO were studied in rats performing under a differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate 72-s (DRL 72-s) schedule of reinforcement. Clorgyline and CGP11'305A, irreversible and reversible MAO-A inhibitors, respectively, i...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Marek GJ,Seiden LS

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been suggested that anxiety may be a critical factor in certain forms of non-opioid environmental analgesia. In the present study, 5-min exposure to the elevated plus-maze test of anxiety (EPM) induced a mild, though enduring, elevation in tail-flick latencies in male mice. Pretreatment with the opiate antagoni...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Lee C,Rodgers RJ

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clonidine is a clinically used antihypertensive which has been suggested to produce physiological changes in children after exposure in utero. The aim of our study was to test the hypothesis that chronic exposure of the developing brain to an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist like clonidine would influence the adult neuroche...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Feenstra MG,van Galen H,Boer GJ

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four macaques with lesions of dorsolateral frontal cortex and 4 normal monkeys were injected with 1 mg/kg d-amphetamine. Observations of social behaviors and motor activity were conducted over a 1-month period. The results of this experiment show a partial dissociation of effects of amphetamines on behavior of normal ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Miller MH

更新日期：1976-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of the CCKB-receptor agonist pentagastrin, a synthetic analogue of the cholecystokinin tetrapeptide (CCK-4), were studied in seven patients suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and seven healthy controls. All subjects were challenged with an IV dose of 0.6 micrograms/kg pentagastrin or placeb...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： de Leeuw AS,Den Boer JA,Slaap BR,Westenberg HG

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The ability of tobacco harm reduction strategies to produce significant reductions in toxin exposure is limited by compensatory increases in smoking behavior. Characterizing factors contributing to the marked individual variability in compensation may be useful for understanding this phenomenon and assessing ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Harris AC,Pentel PR,LeSage MG

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:In recent years, an increasing body of evidence points to the involvement of the glutamatergic system and specifically the glutamatergic ionotropic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). OBJECTIVES:To test the role of NMDA receptors in compulsive b...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Albelda N,Bar-On N,Joel D

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:2Beta-propanoyl-3beta-(4-tolyl)-tropane (PTT) is a cocaine analog which has been shown in rhesus monkeys to have cocaine-like discriminative stimulus effects and a long duration of action (>8 h), yet does not function as a reinforcer when substituted for cocaine in monkeys responding under a fixed-interval 5-min sched...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Birmingham AM,Nader SH,Grant KA,Davies HM,Nader MA

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic oral administration of cannabis extract to rats (daily delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol dose 20 mg/kg) was examined in three experiments for its residual effect on radial-arm maze learning following a 1-month drug-free period. Learning a simple eight-arm maze was significantly impaired in rats treated for either 6...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Stiglick A,Kalant H

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of benzodiazepine (triazolam 0.25 and 0.50 mg) on different aspects of cognitive function were assessed. Triazolam impaired free recall and recognition of information presented after drug administration. In contrast to these impairments in explicit memory, a memory function that did not require conscious a...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Weingartner HJ,Hommer D,Lister RG,Thompson K,Wolkowitz O

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Conditioned behavioral responses to discrete drug-associated cues can be modulated by the environmental context in which those cues are experienced, a process that may facilitate relapse in humans. Rodent models of drug self-administration have been adapted to reveal the capacity of contexts to trigger drug s...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Chaudhri N,Sahuque LL,Janak PH

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of lithium and rubidium on curiosity rearing, and locomotor activity in isolated and group-housed male mice (DBA/2 Han) was investigated. LiCl and RbCl were given with the drinking water (30 mol/l) during 3 weeks. The behaviour of the animals was tested before and after the chronical application of either l...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Weischer ML

更新日期：1979-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously obtained evidence that the mesoamygdaloid dopamine projection modulates the acquisition of a conditioned response (CR) elicited by presentation of a conditioned stimulus (CS) predicting the availability of a natural (sucrose) reward. This property was found to be dependent upon D3, but not D1 or D2,...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hitchcott PK,Phillips GD

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The thymoleptics potentiate and modify the behavioral effects of apomorphine (probably the most specific dopaminergic agonist) as well as those of Dopa. The effect of the thymoleptics is not abolished by emptying of amine stores, and this together with other evidence suggests that these drugs facilitate the access of ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Molander L,Randrup A

更新日期：1976-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Pretreatment of rats with hydantoin (75 mg/kg, PO, an anticonvulsant), trihexyphenidyl (10 mg/kg, SC, a muscarinic cholinergic antagonist), or piperonyl butoxide (500 mg/kg, PO, a metabolic inhibitor) had no effect on the whole blood or brain tissue levels of orally administered DDT (75 mg/kg) or its metabolites DDD a...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Herr DW,Hong JS,Chen P,Tilson HA,Harry GJ

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lithium pretreatment in rats potentiates the epileptogenic effects of pilocarpine and other cholinergic agonists. In order to determine if this effect of lithium could be reversed by myo-inositol, rats were pretreated with intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of myoinositol, artificial CSF or L-chiro-inositol. Lit...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Kofman O,Sherman WR,Katz V,Belmaker RH

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of d-fenfluramine and morphine on various nociceptive responses of rats were investigated. Unlike morphine, which inhibited all the responses examined, d-fenfluramine inhibited jumping and paw licking of rats on a hot plate, but did not increase the latency of tail withdrawal from hot water. The effects of...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Rochat C,Cervo L,Romandini S,Samanin R

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Triadimefon is a triazole fungicide that produces hyperactivity in both mice and rats similar to that seen following administration of compounds with catecholaminergic activity (e.g., d-amphetamine). To determine whether the triadimefon-induced hyperactivity is due to an action on CNS catecholaminergic systems, we eva...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Crofton KM,Boncek VM,MacPhail RC

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The majority of individuals who suffer an episode of depression go on to experience recurrences. We have proposed, based upon the observation that reducing serotonin via acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) is more likely to induce negative mood in recovered depressed individuals than never depressed individua...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Robinson OJ,Sahakian BJ

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Second-generation antipsychotics occupy dopamine D2 receptors and act as antagonists or partial agonists at these receptors. While these drugs alleviate positive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, they are less effective for treating cognitive deficits and negative symptoms. Dopamine D3 receptors are hi...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Girgis RR,Slifstein M,D'Souza D,Lee Y,Periclou A,Ghahramani P,Laszlovszky I,Durgam S,Adham N,Nabulsi N,Huang Y,Carson RE,Kiss B,Kapás M,Abi-Dargham A,Rakhit A

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Varenicline is believed to work, in part, by reducing craving responses to smoking cues and by reducing general levels of craving; however, these hypotheses have never been evaluated with craving assessed in the natural environments of treatment-seeking smokers. OBJECTIVES:Ecological momentary assessment pro...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Gass JC,Wray JM,Hawk LW,Mahoney MC,Tiffany ST

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The zebrafish dopaminergic system is thought to be evolutionarily conserved and may be amenable to pharmacological manipulation using drugs developed for mammalian receptors. However, only few studies have examined the role of specific receptor subtypes in behaviour of adult zebrafish. OBJECTIVES:The objecti...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Tran S,Nowicki M,Muraleetharan A,Gerlai R

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Repeated exposure to psychostimulant drugs causes a long-lasting increase in the psychomotor and reinforcing effects of these drugs and an array of neuroadaptations. One such alteration is a hypersensitivity of striatal activity such that a low dose of amphetamine in sensitized animals produces dorsal striata...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Nordquist RE,Vanderschuren LJ,Jonker AJ,Bergsma M,de Vries TJ,Pennartz CM,Voorn P

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00