Attenuating the alcohol allure: attentional broadening reduces rapid motivational response to alcohol pictures.

abstract：:Pigeons were trained to peck each of two response keys. Periods during which pecks on one key (the food key) produced access to grain according to a random-ratio 80 schedule alternated irregularly with periods during which food-key responses had no scheduled consequences (extinction). Both keys remained amber unless a...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Dearing ME,Branch MN

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Gabolysat PC60 is a fish protein hydrolysate with anxiolytic properties commonly used as a nutritional supplement. OBJECTIVE:The diazepam-like effects of PC60 on stress responsiveness of the rat pituitary-adrenal system and on sympathoadrenal activity were studied. METHODS:The activity of the pituitary-adre...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Bernet F,Montel V,Noël B,Dupouy JP

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Previous observations revealed that defeated and subsequently individually housed rats do not display behavioral anticipatory responses to the conditioned presentation of a bell/light stimulus associated with free access to a 5% sucrose solution reward. The absence of the appetitive responses suggests a decre...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Von Frijtag JC,Van den Bos R,Spruijt BM

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A two flavour, unbiased, taste preference conditioning procedure was used to test for possible motivating effects of gamma 2-MSH. Three training trials failed to produce any significant effect with doses ranging from 2.4 to 40 micrograms/ICV infusion in drug-naive, non-operated or placebo-implanted rats. However, in r...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Mucha RF,van Ree JM

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discriminative stimulus effect of midazolam, a short-acting benzodiazepine, was used for testing the effects of drugs thought to act as antagonists at different sites in the proposed benzodiazepine receptor complex. Rats were trained in a standard two-bar operant conditioning procedure with food reinforcers delive...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Stolerman IP,Garcha HS,Rose IC

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The metabolism of the tricyclic antidepressants amitriptyline (AMI), imipramine (IMI), chlorimipramine (CMI) and some of their metabolites was studied in vitro in isolated liver microsomes of female Spraque-Dawley rats. Nine metabolites of AMI, seven metabolites of IMI, and 11 metabolites of CMI were quantitatively de...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Krüger R,Hölzl G,Kuss HJ,Schefold L

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Control of reward-seeking behavior under conditions of punishment is an important function for survival. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS:We designed a task in which rats could choose to either press a lever and obtain a food pellet accompanied by a footshock or refrain from pressing the lever to avoid footshock, in r...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Ishikawa J,Sakurai Y,Ishikawa A,Mitsushima D

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on the locomotor activity-stimulating action of morphine has been investigated in mice. THC (10 mg/kg) has been found to potentiate morphine-induced hyperactivity. On the other hand, the stimulating action of morphine on motor activity strongly diminished in mice render...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Ulkü E,Ayhan IH,Tulunay FC,Uran B,Kaymakçalan S

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pigeons were trained to acquire a new 4-response sequence in each session by pecking three keys in a predetermined order. The key color varied for each step under the chained schedule, but there was only one key color under the tandem schedule. Under the reset contingency, incorrect responses produced a reset of the 4...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Harting J,Mcmillian DE

更新日期：1976-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Stimulation of central beta(2) adrenergic receptors produces antidepressant-like effects on behavior. At present, it is not known what brain sites are involved in mediating such effects, although some recent evidence suggests the importance of the dorsal hippocampus. OBJECTIVE:Experiments were carried out to...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Zhang HT,Huang Y,O'Donnell JM

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both muscarinic antagonists, such as scopolamine, and benzodiazepine receptor (BZR) agonists, such as diazepam, produce a reliable impairment in the performance of one trial passive avoidance. Such deficits are frequently interpreted as drug-induced amnesia. However, these deficits could also result from a learning im...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Cole BJ,Jones GH

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The daily fluid intake of male Wistar rats with simultaneous access to 6% ethanol and water was determined during a baseline period (1 week), following adrenalectomy (1 week) and for 3 weeks following SC implantation of hormone pellets containing corticosterone (CORT) or dexamethasone (DEX). Ethanol consumption droppe...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Fahlke C,Hård E,Eriksson CJ,Engel JA,Hansen S

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Serotonergic mechanisms are thought to play an important role in the regulation of mood, motor activity and sleep patterns. Serotonin reuptake is controlled by the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) and by a common functional insertion/deletion polymorphism in the corresponding gene's promoter region (5-HTTLPR). H...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Putzhammer A,Schoeler A,Rohrmeier T,Sand P,Hajak G,Eichhammer P

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Pre-clinical and clinical studies have suggested that the antidepressant efficacy of escitalopram (ESC) can be augmented by co-administration of aripiprazole (ARI). OBJECTIVE:To establish if the effects of ESC + ARI can be altered by modulating the 5-HT1a receptor. METHODS:Sprague-Dawley male rats received ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Lapointe T,Hudson R,Daniels S,Melanson B,Zhou Y,Leri F

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After initial exposure to 80 mg/kg, pigeons trained on a two-key drug discrimination procedure rapidly learned to discriminate 120 mg/kg ethosuximide from saline. When 40-160 mg/kg doses of ethosuximide were administered during generalization tests, the percentage of responses directed to the ethosuximide-appropriate ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Clark RD,Schlinger H,Poling A

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of scopolamine, an anticholinergic drug, of trimipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant with both anticholinergic and sedative properties, of diazepam and a placebo, on explicit memory and repetition priming were assessed using a free-recall task and a word-stem completion task. Forty-eight healthy volunteers...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Danion JM,Zimmermann MA,Willard-Schroeder D,Grangé D,Welsch M,Imbs JL,Singer L

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nine human subjects were exposed to a multiple fixed-ratio (FR) differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate (DRL) schedule of monetary reinforcement. Presses on a manipulandum requiring relatively high force were occasionally followed by an increased money total displayed on a computer screen. Subjects were exposed to the ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Rumbold GR,White JM

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Although the subjective effects of caffeine abstinence, acute and chronic administration, and tolerance are well described, the corresponding neurophysiological effects are not. OBJECTIVES:Caffeine withdrawal, acute caffeine effects, caffeine tolerance, and net beneficial effects of chronic caffeine administ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Sigmon SC,Herning RI,Better W,Cadet JL,Griffiths RR

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this review was to establish in vivo apparent pA2 and pKB values for antagonism of the discriminative stimulus effects of benzodiazepine ligands, and to compare these values to those obtained from other behavioral procedures. Articles were chosen from the Medline data base from January 1976 to August 19...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Rowlett JK,Woolverton WL

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Muscimol, a structural analog of GABA, significantly potentiated pilocarpine-induced analgesia in rats, but failed to alter pilocarpine-induced catalepsy. It also failed to affect pilocarpine-elicited increase in homovanillic acid levels in the striatum. These findings suggest that the potentiation of pilocarpine-indu...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Naik SR,Kelkar MR,Amladi SR,Sheth UK

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has previously been shown that serotonergic [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] neurons of the median raphe nucleus (MR) are critically involved in the control of the hippocampal electroencephalogram (EEG). Activation of MR 5-HT neurons desynchronizes the hippocampal EEG, whereas inhibition of MR 5-HT activity produces hi...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Kinney GG,Kocsis B,Vertes RP

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine whether repeated treatment (15 days) with d-amphetamine (AMP) or fenfluramine (FEN), administered after a daily 3 h feeding session (e.g. post-session), would result in tolerance or cross-tolerance to the decrement in food consumption induced by treatment with either drug bef...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hunsinger RN,Barnes TB,Kapeghian JC,Wilson MC

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ethologic analysis has been used to study the behavioural effects following injection of delta-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) in mice. After a dose level of 1.6 mmol ALA/kg, male and female mice showed periods of immobility and scanned less frequently than saline-injected controls. Exploration of the cage was significantl...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Cutler MG,Moore MR,Ewart FG

更新日期：1979-03-22 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Serotonin (5-HT) plays a key role in different aspects of value-based decision-making. A recent framework proposed that tonic 5-HT (together with dopamine, DA) codes future average reward expectations, providing a baseline against which possible choice outcomes are compared to guide decision-making. OBJECTIV...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Neukam PT,Kroemer NB,Deza Araujo YI,Hellrung L,Pooseh S,Rietschel M,Witt SH,Schwarzenbolz U,Henle T,Smolka MN

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Medial thalamic (MT), and hippocampal (HPC) EEG, and single unit activity, and frontal cortical (CTX) EEG were recorded following IV infusions of 0.625 mg morphine/kg in drug-naive, and following 0.0125 mg naloxone/kg in morphine-dependent paralyzed rats. Particular effort was made to assess the latency of the respons...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Linseman MA,Grupp LA

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sixty-two DSM III chronic schizophrenic inpatients were selected for a double-blind, placebo controlled, multi-centre, relapse prevention study of remoxipride, a selective dopamine (D2)-receptor antagonist. After a 1 month placebo washout, 23 patients had relapsed and were withdrawn. Of the remaining patients 19 were ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： King DJ,Blomqvist M,Cooper SJ,Doherty MM,Mitchell MJ,Montgomery RC

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:It has been suggested that the antipsychotic effect of antipsychotics is mediated by the antagonism of the dopamine D2 receptor in the limbic-cortical regions. Risperidone has an atypical property, but its effect on limbic-cortical regions has not been evaluated. OBJECTIVES:In this study, we examined the rel...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Yasuno F,Suhara T,Okubo Y,Sudo Y,Inoue M,Ichimiya T,Tanada S

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The thalamus is a major target of dopaminergic projections and is densely connected with the prefrontal cortex. A better understanding of how dopamine changes thalamo-cortical communication may shed light on how dopamine supports cognitive function. Methylphenidate has been shown to facilitate cognitive proc...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Gorka AX,Lago TR,Balderston N,Torrisi S,Fuchs B,Grillon C,Ernst M

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Stimulant medications for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents remain controversial with respect to later development of cocaine abuse. Past research demonstrated that adolescent methylphenidate treatment increased several aspects of cocaine self-administration during adulthood using...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Jordan CJ,Lemay C,Dwoskin LP,Kantak KM

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Atypical antipsychotic drugs are classically associated with lower propensity to extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) and hyperprolactinemia than typical antipsychotic drugs. It has not been clarified why some atypical antipsychotic drugs, such as amisulpride, induce prolactin plasma concentration (PRL) elevation, b...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Bressan RA,Erlandsson K,Spencer EP,Ell PJ,Pilowsky LS

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00