Abstract:
:Pigeons were trained to acquire a new 4-response sequence in each session by pecking three keys in a predetermined order. The key color varied for each step under the chained schedule, but there was only one key color under the tandem schedule. Under the reset contingency, incorrect responses produced a reset of the 4-response sequence to its beginning and a short timeout. In the non-resent contingency, only the timeout was produced by incorrect responses. Under both contingencies of both schedules, low doses (3-10 mg/kg) of pentobarbital increased the response rate and the total number of errors, although the rate increases usually occurred at lower doses than did the increases in errors. A dose of 17.5 mg/kg pentobarbital eliminated almost all responding. Injection of low doseas (0.1 -0.3 mg/kg) of d-amphetamine decreased the total number of errors under both contingencies of both the chained and the tandem schedules. Higher doses of d-amphetamine sometimes increased the total number of errors and decreased the response rate.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Harting J,Mcmillian DEdoi
10.1007/BF00426823subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1976-09-29 00:00:00pages
245-8issue
3eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Quantitative receptor autoradiography was used to study the effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors citalopram and fluoxetine and the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine on the regulation of beta 1-adrenergic receptors in the rat brain. Rats were treated with saline, citalopram (10 mg kg-1), fluoxetine ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245579
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both muscarinic antagonists, such as scopolamine, and benzodiazepine receptor (BZR) agonists, such as diazepam, produce a reliable impairment in the performance of one trial passive avoidance. Such deficits are frequently interpreted as drug-induced amnesia. However, these deficits could also result from a learning im...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245247
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Catecholamine transmission modulates numerous cognitive and reward-related processes that can subserve more complex functions such as cost/benefit decision making. Dopamine has been shown to play an integral role in decisions involving reward uncertainty, yet there is a paucity of research investigating the c...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-015-3904-3
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The behavioral effects of racemic zopiclone are similar to those of benzodiazepines that positively modulate GABA at the GABA(A) receptor complex; however, it is not clear how enantiomers or metabolites of zopiclone contribute to the benzodiazepine-like behavioral effects of racemic zopiclone. OBJECTIVES:Rac...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1286-9
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a psychoactive phenylisopropylamine which is structurally similar to both amphetamine-related sympathomimetics and the hallucinogen, mescaline. MDMA produces pleasurable effects which include euphoria, and recent reports continue to demonstrate its widespread recreational us...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00212765
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic administration of the benzodiazepine (BZ) receptor agonist chlordiazepoxide (CDP) produced tolerance to its motor-impairing effects but little or no tolerance to its hypothermic effects or to its amnesic effects in the radial arm maze. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated for 14 days with CDP (25 mg/kg, b....
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244749
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluctuations in extracellular dopamine and DOPAC levels in nucleus accumbens septi (NAS) were monitored in 1-min microdialysis samples taken from rats engaged in intravenous cocaine self-administration. For four rats the dose per injection was fixed at 2.0 mg/kg; for four others the dose per injection was varied irreg...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02246140
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of postethanol treatment with L-Dopa, aminophylline and/or ephedrine was investigated. In one experiment, healthy, male, moderate drinkers ingested ethanol (0.8 g/kg) and then either L-Dopa (1.5 g), or placebo. In a second experiment, subjects ingested ethanol followed by aminophylline (200 mg), ephedrine (...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF00497849
更新日期:1977-12-28 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Aminoadamantanes represent a class of NMDA glutamate receptor antagonists that reduce alcohol consumption and may prevent alcohol-induced neuronal adaptations and side effects. OBJECTIVE:Behavioral specificity of memantine and amantadine on alcohol drinking in a schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP) task was inv...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0465-5
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Impulsivity is related to greater risk of nicotine dependence, perhaps by enhancing sensitivity to nicotine's reinforcing and rewarding effects during initial smoking experiences. OBJECTIVE:We examined the influence of impulsivity characteristics on acute sensitivity to nicotine reward, reinforcement, and ot...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1231-7
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::EEG measures have been shown to differ in human subjects who are at genetically increased risk for the development of alcoholism. In the present study, EEG was recorded in rats that were selectively bred for alcohol-preferring (P) and nonpreferring (NP) behaviors during an ethanol self-administration paradigm. In this...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244335
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The involvement of dopamine neurotransmission in opiate reward remains controversial. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the dopaminergic basis of opiate reward by comparing the effect of systemic injection of the D2/D3 antagonist sulpiride on morphine self-administration (ICSA) into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) o...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-001-0981-2
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats treated weekly with cumulative doses (1-100 mg/kg, IP) of naltrexone develop an enhanced sensitivity to the operant response-rate decreasing effect of naltrexone. In the present experiment the pharmacological specificity of that enhanced sensitivity was determined by testing a variety of drugs for cross-sensitivi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02246951
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A two flavour, unbiased, taste preference conditioning procedure was used to test for possible motivating effects of gamma 2-MSH. Three training trials failed to produce any significant effect with doses ranging from 2.4 to 40 micrograms/ICV infusion in drug-naive, non-operated or placebo-implanted rats. However, in r...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00634469
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Cotreatment with clorgyline shifts the development of sensitization to the D2/D3 dopamine receptor agonist quinpirole from locomotion to mouthing, an effect apparently unrelated to the monoamine oxidase inhibition property of clorgyline. This phenomenon was demonstrated in rats examined in small activity cham...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0377-4
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concentration of kynurenine in plasma from depressed patients and control subjects has been measured using a sensitive and specific method. The levels of kynurenine in the plasma of depressed patients and controls are not significantly different and are not influenced by age or sex. The severity of affective distu...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00426632
更新日期:1978-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:3,4-Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) is a synthetic cathinone abused for its cocaine-like psychostimulant effects in "bath salts" products. While there are currently no pharmacotherapies for MDPV abuse, rodent studies suggest immunotherapy may offer a feasible treatment option. OBJECTIVES:These studies test...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-020-05558-0
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Glucocorticoids have been shown to affect declarative memory, an explicit form of memory for facts and events operated by medial temporal lobe structures. Recent neuroimaging data suggest that the medial temporal lobe (including the hippocampus) is also active in implicit sequence learning. OBJECTIVES:The ai...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-010-2112-4
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Abstinence from drug occurs in human addicts for several reasons, including the avoidance of adverse consequences. OBJECTIVES:To explore a model of drug use in the face of adverse consequences in rats through intermittent punishment of drug seeking and to investigate whether the ability to withhold seeking r...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-007-0805-0
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The objective of this study was to examine age-, hormone-, and sex-dependent differences to the behavioral effects of nicotine using place-conditioning procedures in female rats. METHODS:Animals received nicotine in their initially non-preferred side and saline on alternate days in their initially preferr...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-009-1607-3
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The role of endogenous opiate systems in cigarette smoking remains unclear. In laboratory animals, opiate antagonists block many of the effects of nicotine, but in humans they do not consistently alter smoking behavior. OBJECTIVE:This study explored the effects of naltrexone, alone and in combination with ni...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130050957
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments were carried out on pigeons to assess the effects of acute ethanol (ETOH) administration on a delayed pair comparison procedure. ETOH disrupted performance at the two higher doses (1.0 and 2.0 g/kg, given orally). When the initial (zero delay) performance levels of treated and untreated birds were equa...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00434411
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a latency period of several weeks before the onset of clinical effect of antidepressant drugs. The detailed mechanisms underlying drug-induced adaptive neuronal changes are not known. To elucidate the involvement of changes in gene expression of candidate transcription factors, we treated rats for 21 days wit...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130000468
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of d-fenfluramine and morphine on various nociceptive responses of rats were investigated. Unlike morphine, which inhibited all the responses examined, d-fenfluramine inhibited jumping and paw licking of rats on a hot plate, but did not increase the latency of tail withdrawal from hot water. The effects of...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00435276
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent study from our laboratory has demonstrated that C57BL/6 male mice that are chronically injected with nicotine develop a profound tolerance to nicotine that is not associated with changes in brain nicotinic receptors. We have proposed that alterations in the secretion of corticosterone (CCS) may regulate toler...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245877
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Alcohol use disorders are associated with deficits in adaptive behavior. While some behavioral impairments that are associated with alcohol use disorders may predate exposure to drugs of abuse, others may result directly from exposure to drugs of abuse, including alcohol. Identifying a causal role for how alc...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-015-4101-0
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult rats that were gestationally exposed to cocaine and control offspring were examined for their sensitivity to challenge doses of cocaine. Offspring were derived from Sprague-Dawley dams that had received subcutaneous injections of 40 mg/kg per 3 cc cocaine hydrochloride daily on gestational days 8-20, pair-fed da...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244870
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Perospirone is a novel second-generation antipsychotic drug with high affinity to dopamine D(2) receptor and short half-life of plasma concentration. There has been no investigation of dopamine D(2) receptor occupancy in patients with schizophrenia and the time course of occupancy by antipsychotics with peros...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1783-1
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Stress experience during adolescence has been linked to the development of psychiatric disorders in adulthood, many of which are associated with impairments in prefrontal cortex function. OBJECTIVE:The current study was designed to determine the immediate and enduring effects of repeated social stress on a p...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3654-7
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Salvinorin A is the active component of the hallucinogenic plant Salvia divinorum. The potential mode of action of this hallucinogen was unknown until recently. A recent in vitro study detected high affinity and efficacy of salvinorin A at kappa-opioid receptors. It was postulated that salvinorin A would prod...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1638-0
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00