Double dissociation between the effects of muscarinic antagonists and benzodiazepine receptor agonists on the acquisition and retention of passive avoidance.

abstract：:The effects of vitamin B12 are compared to those of aspirin and 0.9% saline in three different experimental pain models in rats and mice; an electric shock test, the hot-plate test, and the phenylbenzoquinone writhing test. Neither cyanocobalamin nor hydroxocobalamin showed any antinociceptive activity in any of the t...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Eschalier A,Aumaître O,Decamps A,Dordain G

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of clinically used benzodiazepines were tested for their effectiveness in blocking muscimol-induced myoclonic jerks in mice. Their ED50 values were determined from their dose-response curves. These data gave the following relative potencies with respect to diazepam: diazepam = 1, medazepam = 0.24, oxazepam = ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Menon MK,Vivonia CA,Haddox VG

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies indicate that some aspects of memory can be enhanced by the administration of oxygen or glucose. Considering the dependency of glucose metabolism upon oxygen supply, the present study predicted that administering a combination of 100% oxygen with glucose would have greater memory-enhancing effects than ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Winder R,Borrill J

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The forced swimming test is reviewed. This test appears to be suitable for detecting antidepressant activity in rats but not in mice. Difference in experimental procedure may account for the different sensitivity to drugs of the two animal species. ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Borsini F,Meli A

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:(+/-) 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") is an amphetamine analog and drug of abuse. In animals, MDMA damages brain serotonin (5-HT) neurons at doses that overlap with those used recreationally by some humans. To date, few functional sequelae of MDMA-induced 5-HT damage have been identified. ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： McCann UD,Mertl M,Eligulashvili V,Ricaurte GA

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:New psychoactive substances (NPS) are chemical analogues designed to mimic the effects of various classic recreational drugs of abuse including MDMA, LSD, and cannabis. NPS use is associated with concern about the acute and longer-term effects particular substances might have, with abuse and addiction as pot...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Kuypers KPC,de Sousa Fernandes Perna EB,Dolder PC,Toennes SW,Theunissen EL,Mason NL,Hutten NRPW,Ramaekers JG

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maternal pup searching behaviour of lactating house mice treated with apomorphine, haloperidol or saline was examined on a running board with a central depression as a nest. Pup searching was elicited by artificial ultrasonic stimuli: a female moved out from the nest either towards a 50 kHz tone (key stimulus) which i...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Wegener S,Schmidt WJ,Ehret G

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Understanding an individual's vulnerability to drug addiction has important implications for the development of effective personal treatment plans. Although theories acknowledge impulsive behaviour as a key component of drug addiction, little is known about the influence of trait impulsivity on an individu...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Kolokotroni KZ,Rodgers RJ,Harrison AA

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Acute diazepam administration has been shown to decrease plasma cortisol levels consistent with decreased activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, especially in individuals experiencing stress. However, the effects of chronic diazepam treatment on cortisol have been less studied, and the relations...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Pomara N,Willoughby LM,Sidtis JJ,Cooper TB,Greenblatt DJ

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intravenous self-administration of d-amphetamine (0.25 mg/kg/injection) decreased in a dose-related fashion after injections of the dopaminergic agonists apomorphine and piribedil. The dopaminergic agonists appear to suppress amphetamine intake in the same way as do 'free' amphetamine injections, by extending drug sat...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Yokel RA,Wise RA

更新日期：1978-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:H(3)-receptor inverse agonists raise a great interest as innovative therapeutics in several central disorders. Whereas their procognitive properties are well established, their antipsychotic-like properties are still debated. OBJECTIVES:We further explored the effect of maximal doses (3-10 mg/kg) of ciproxif...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Burban A,Sadakhom C,Dumoulin D,Rose C,Le Pen G,Frances H,Arrang JM

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A variety of behaviors were studied in an open-field setting after i.v. amphetamine (0.5, 2.0, 8.0 mg/kg), phenmetrazine (1.0, 4.0, 16.0 mg/kg), or fenfluramine (1.0, 4.0, 16.0 mg/kg). Amphetamine and phenmetrazine increased ambulation initially and rearing during the whole experiment, and decreased grooming. At 30 an...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Lindquist MP,Götestam KG

更新日期：1977-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Cessation of daily caffeine consumption produces a withdrawal syndrome comprised of subjective symptoms and functional impairment. Few controlled studies have examined the physiological effects of caffeine withdrawal. OBJECTIVE:The present study examined the effect of caffeine withdrawal on cerebral blood fl...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Jones HE,Herning RI,Cadet JL,Griffiths RR

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Delta-opioid agonists produce a number of behavioral effects, including convulsions, antinociception, locomotor stimulation, and antidepressant-like effects. The development of these compounds as treatments for depression is limited by their convulsive effects. Therefore, determining how to separate the convu...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Jutkiewicz EM,Rice KC,Traynor JR,Woods JH

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study a cross-familiarisation conditioned taste aversion (CTA) paradigm was utilized to reveal stimulus resemblance between the selective 5-HT1A agonist 8-OHDPAT and a variety of serotonergic and non-serotonergic drugs. In male mice, a 0.22 mg/kg dose of 8-OHDPAT was used as the reference compound induc...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： De Beun R,Rijk HW,Broekkamp CL

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Developmental lead exposure may alter responsiveness to cocaine well into adulthood, and ultimately influence drug-use patterns. OBJECTIVES:The present study examined the effect of perinatal lead exposure on the discriminative stimulus properties of cocaine. METHODS:Female rats were treated with 0, 8, or 16...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Miller DK,Nation JR,Bratton GR

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Abnormalities of cortical evoked potentials and background electroencephalographic (EEG) frequencies occur in several psychiatric disorders, some of which, especially depression, are associated with hypercortisolaemia. However, there have been few investigations of the effects of exogenously administered cort...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Ashton CH,Lunn B,Marsh VR,Young AH

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE:Epidemiological evidence suggests that people who begin experimenting with drugs of abuse during early adolescence are more likely to develop substance use disorders (SUDs), but this correlation does not guarantee causation. Animal models, in which age of onset can be tightly controlled, offer ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Schramm-Sapyta NL,Walker QD,Caster JM,Levin ED,Kuhn CM

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Delivering nicotine in the way smokers seek is likely to be the key factor in e-cigarette (EC) success in replacing cigarettes. We examined to what degree different types of EC mimic nicotine intake from cigarettes. METHODS:Twelve participants ('dual users' of EC and cigarettes) used their own brand cigaret...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hajek P,Przulj D,Phillips A,Anderson R,McRobbie H

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cholinergic hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has strongly influenced research on learning and memory over the last decade. However, there has been limited success treating AD dementia with cholinomimetics. Furthermore, there are indications that other neurotransmitter systems affected by this disease may be ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Camacho F,Smith CP,Vargas HM,Winslow JT

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Cortisol hypersecretion is regarded as important in the pathophysiology of major depression. However, recent studies in community-based samples have been inconclusive. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether acutely depressed, medication-free subjects show an exaggerated release of cortisol in saliva in relation to a...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Bhagwagar Z,Hafizi S,Cowen PJ

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The objective of this study was to examine age-, hormone-, and sex-dependent differences to the behavioral effects of nicotine using place-conditioning procedures in female rats. METHODS:Animals received nicotine in their initially non-preferred side and saline on alternate days in their initially preferr...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Torres OV,Natividad LA,Tejeda HA,Van Weelden SA,O'Dell LE

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Model psychosis is characterised by experimentally induced symptoms of withdrawal from reality, frequently accompanied by perceptual disturbances, thought disorders, delusional ideas and sometimes by hallucinations. These "altered states of consciousness" provide a long-standing and valid approach to enhan...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Koethe D,Hoyer C,Leweke FM

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Neurosteroids are implicated in various stages of drug dependence, including the acquisition phase, tolerance, and withdrawal. The neurosteroid allopregnanolone is also able to substitute for drugs with abuse potential and possesses reinforcing properties. OBJECTIVES:The effects of acute treatment with, and ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Concas A,Sogliano C,Porcu P,Marra C,Brundu A,Biggio G

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Cognitive rehabilitation is now recognized as an important tool in the treatment of schizophrenia, and findings in this area are emerging rapidly. There is a need for a systematic review of the effects of the different training programs. OBJECTIVES:To review quantitatively the controlled studies on cognitive...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Krabbendam L,Aleman A

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Experienced cannabis users demonstrate tolerance to some of the impairing acute effects of cannabis. OBJECTIVES:The present study investigates whether event-related potentials (ERPs) differ between occasional and heavy cannabis users after acute Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) administration, as a result of to...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Theunissen EL,Kauert GF,Toennes SW,Moeller MR,Sambeth A,Blanchard MM,Ramaekers JG

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Five elderly depressed patients were treated with amitriptyline (AT) and nortriptyline (NT) in turn, in a cross-over design. Steady-state plasma drug levels were compared with those calculated for eight healthy subjects of previous single-dose studies. Plasma clearances were on average about 2.5 times lower in the pat...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Burch JE

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Cocaine dependence is a major health concern and there are no effective pharmacotherapies currently available. Although cocaine is an indirect DA agonist that binds to all three monoamine transporters, there is much evidence implicating a greater role for the dopamine (DAT) than norepinephrine (NET) and serot...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Cook CD,Carroll IF,Beardsley PM

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has for many years relied on psychostimulants, particularly various formulations of amphetamines and methylphenidate. These are central nervous system stimulants and are scheduled because of their abuse potential. Atomoxetine (atomoxetine hydrochlor...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Upadhyaya HP,Desaiah D,Schuh KJ,Bymaster FP,Kallman MJ,Clarke DO,Durell TM,Trzepacz PT,Calligaro DO,Nisenbaum ES,Emmerson PJ,Schuh LM,Bickel WK,Allen AJ

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Perospirone is a novel second-generation antipsychotic drug with high affinity to dopamine D(2) receptor and short half-life of plasma concentration. There has been no investigation of dopamine D(2) receptor occupancy in patients with schizophrenia and the time course of occupancy by antipsychotics with peros...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Arakawa R,Ito H,Takano A,Okumura M,Takahashi H,Takano H,Okubo Y,Suhara T

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00