Abstract:
:A variety of behaviors were studied in an open-field setting after i.v. amphetamine (0.5, 2.0, 8.0 mg/kg), phenmetrazine (1.0, 4.0, 16.0 mg/kg), or fenfluramine (1.0, 4.0, 16.0 mg/kg). Amphetamine and phenmetrazine increased ambulation initially and rearing during the whole experiment, and decreased grooming. At 30 and 60 min, with the three higher doses of amphetamine, stereotyped behaviors interfered with and decreased both ambulation and groomin. Fenfluramine decreased ambulation, rearing, and grooming, and was the only drug to induce backing. The technique seems to be a simple and rapid method to establish dependence liability in amphetamine analogues. Interrater and test-retest reliability was established through ITV recordings.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Lindquist MP,Götestam KGdoi
10.1007/BF01457847subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1977-12-19 00:00:00pages
129-33issue
2eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
55pub_type
杂志文章abstract:RATIONALE:Neurobiological models of addiction suggest that abnormalities of brain reward circuitry distort salience attribution and inhibitory control processes, which in turn contribute to high relapse rates. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study is to determine whether impairments of salience attribution and inhibitory c...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1975-8
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats were chronically administered either haloperidol (HAL) or fluphenazine (FLU) via depot injections for 8 months, given these same drugs in their drinking water for the next 2 months, and then withdrawn from the drugs. Throughout the experiment the animals were tested repeatedly in an enclosed tube using a computer...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00174701
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that tolerance to the hypothermic effect of ethanol fails to develop if rats are denied the unconditional stimulus represented by hypothermia. In both experiments, rats were injected with either ethanol (1.9 or 2.5 g/kg) or saline and given microwave hyperthermia (...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00175187
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE:More than two decades ago, Wise proposed his "anhedonia hypothesis" to explain the role of dopamine in motivated behaviors. The hypothesis posits that dopamine mediates the pleasure experienced by reward obtainment. However, some experimental findings have contested this hypothesis and several ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0521-1
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nicotine (0.16--0.50 mg/kg, SC) was found to exert a potent antinociceptive action on thermal stimuli as measured by the tail-flick test. This antinociceptive action of nicotine could be blocked by centrally active nicotinic or muscarinic blockers implicating both classes of cholinergic receptors in this effect. Quate...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00492216
更新日期:1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of d-fenfluramine and morphine on various nociceptive responses of rats were investigated. Unlike morphine, which inhibited all the responses examined, d-fenfluramine inhibited jumping and paw licking of rats on a hot plate, but did not increase the latency of tail withdrawal from hot water. The effects of...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00435276
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE:Because of the important role of dopamine in neurotransmission, it would be useful to be able to image brain dopamine receptor-mediated signal transduction in animals and humans. Administering the D1-D2 receptor agonist apomorphine may allow us to do this, as the D2-like receptor is reported to ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1073-3
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Alcohol-associated cues elicit craving in human addicts but little is known about craving mechanisms. Current animal models focus on relapse and this may confound the effect of environmental cues. OBJECTIVES. To develop a model to study the effects of environmental cues on alcohol consumption in animals not e...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1454-6
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Pavlovian conditioning with a discrete reward-predictive visual cue can elicit two classes of behaviors: "sign-tracking" (approach toward and contact with the cue) and "goal-tracking" (approach toward the site of reward delivery). Sign-tracking has been proposed to be linked to behavioral disorders involving ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1353-y
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This pilot study was conducted to evaluate the potential of the new antidepressant moclobemide to inhibit the cytochrome enzyme P4502D6 (CYP2D6) using the cough suppressant dextromethorphan as a substrate in four extensive metabolizers (EM) of debrisoquine. The subjects received seven oral doses of 20 mg dextromethorp...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130050481
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Phytocannabinoids are useful therapeutics for multiple applications including treatments of constipation, malaria, rheumatism, alleviation of intraocular pressure, emesis, anxiety and some neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. Consistent with these medicinal properties, extracted cannabinoids have rec...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2415-0
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Red blood cell (RBC) glycine levels were examined in 27 bipolar patients, treated with lithium carbonate for a minimum of 8 months, who were either hypomanic, depressed, or euthymic in their mood. We found no difference in the RBC glycine or in the RBC: plasma glycine ratio between the hypomanic, depressed, or euthymi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00433732
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concentration of kynurenine in plasma from depressed patients and control subjects has been measured using a sensitive and specific method. The levels of kynurenine in the plasma of depressed patients and controls are not significantly different and are not influenced by age or sex. The severity of affective distu...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00426632
更新日期:1978-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic administration of the pre-synaptic alpha-adrenoreceptor agonist clonidine decreases the concentration of the extra-neuronal metabolite of noradrenaline normetanephrine in the amygdaloid cortex and increases it in the mid-brain. Conversely, blockade of these pre-synaptic receptors by yohimbine increases the nor...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00427519
更新日期:1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Caffeine and the adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptor antagonist CGS15943 produce many behavioral effects that are similar to those produced by classic stimulant drugs (e.g. cocaine and amphetamines). OBJECTIVES:The current study evaluated whether CGS15943 would maintain self-administration and reinstate exting...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1410-5
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Synergistic or supra-additive interactions between the anorectics (dex)fenfluramine and phentermine have been reported previously in the rat and in the clinic. Studies with 5-HT2C antagonists and 5-HT2C knockouts have demonstrated dexfenfluramine hypophagia in the rodent to be mediated by actions at the 5-HT2...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3829-2
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Administration to mice of harmaline (100 mg/kg SC) resulted in a greater than two-fold increase in cyclic GMP in the cerebellum 15 min later. This response was inhibited by pretreatment 5 min before the harmaline with pentobarbital (ED50 6.5 mg/kg), chlormethiazole (ED50 10.4 mg/kg) and dizocilpine (ED50 0.5 mg/kg). H...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02257413
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The endogenous opioid system has been implicated in substance abuse and response to pharmacotherapies for nicotine and alcohol addiction. We examined (1) the association of the functional OPRM1 A118G variant with the relative reinforcing value of nicotine and (2) the main and interacting effects of the mu-opi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0504-2
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transdermal nicotine has been shown to relieve nicotine withdrawal and to double smoking cessation rates compared to placebo in clinical trials. A 21 or 22 mg/day dose provides a steady state serum nicotine that is less than obtained from smoking. Limited information is available about higher nicotine patch doses. To ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02246542
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Evidence that alcohol leads to increased aggressive behaviour is equivocal and confounded by evidence that such effects may operate indirectly via expectancy. One mechanism by which alcohol consumption may increase aggressive behaviour is via alterations in the processing of emotional facial cues. OBJECTIVES...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-009-1463-1
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Dopamine (DA) plays an important role in working memory. However, the precise functions supported by different DA receptor subtypes in different neural regions remain unclear. OBJECTIVE:The present study used pharmacological, event-related fMRI to test the hypothesis that striatal dopamine is important for t...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-009-1634-0
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Results from clinical studies have shown that topiramate effectively reduces alcohol consumption in a population of heavy-drinking alcohol-dependent humans. OBJECTIVES:We undertook this preclinical study in order to establish topiramate's efficacy in a rodent model and to determine whether topiramate's effic...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-009-1683-4
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of an "aggression"-reducing drug, fluprazine, and an "aggression"-enhancing drug, ethanol, were evaluated in mice using the target biting and resident-intruder paradigms. Under baseline conditions there was a high target biting rate immediately after the delivery of a 2.0 mA tail shock, an intermediate tar...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00217061
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments investigated the effect of alcohol on retrieval of lexical information. In each, volunteers received alcohol (1 ml per kg body weight) in one session and no alcohol in another in counterbalanced order. Experiment 1 was a computerised version of the Mill Hill vocabulary test in which subjects were requi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00212779
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The endogenous cannabinoid system is thought to play a role in reinforcement processes. OBJECTIVES:We tested the effects of five doses of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) antagonist SR141716 [0, 0.3, 1, 3 and 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal (IP)] on intracranial self-stimulation at the level of the median forebrain...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130100804
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sensitivity of the dopaminergic hypothalamic pituitary system, as indicated by growth hormone (GH) release after apomorphine (0.5 mg SC), was studied in 11 chronic schizophrenic in-patients under long-term neuroleptic (NL) therapy and after 12 and 30 days' drug withdrawal. GH peak levels after a 12-day drug-free p...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00555228
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Anxiety and aggression are associated with ethanol self-administration, but these behaviors can serve as either risk factors for or consequences of heavy drinking in rodents and humans. Baseline levels of aggressive-like and anxious-like behavior in non-human primates have not yet been characterized in relati...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-016-4427-2
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of flurazepam (0.0, 0.5, and 3.0 mg/kg) on methylphenidate-induced increases in stereotypy, gnawing, sniffing, and locomotion were evaluated in Swiss-Webster mice in daytime and nighttime experiments. Methylphenidate (50 mg/kg) increased overall stereotypy and stereotyped gnawing behavior; two doses of met...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00432374
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To test the Pavlovian conditioning model of alcohol tolerance, two groups of eight male social drinkers each received five administrations of alcohol and five administrations of an equal volume of tonic each, on an alternating basis, during the initial 10-session tolerance development phase of the study. Group 1 recei...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00310519
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence has been provided for impaired neurotransmitter functioning in the brain of elderly subjects. In order to assess central GABAergic transmission, the activity of the hypothalamic GABA system may be investigated by basal growth hormone (GH) response to the GABAergic drug sodium valproate (SV). For this purpose ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00690918
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00