Fuels for memory: the role of oxygen and glucose in memory enhancement.

abstract：RATIONALE:The majority of pharmacotherapies proposed for cocaine dependence have been marginally effective and frequently have undesirable side effects. We recently demonstrated that short-term treatment with citicoline decreased self-reported desire to use cocaine in crack cocaine users. OBJECTIVE:The present study w...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Lukas SE,Kouri EM,Rhee C,Madrid A,Renshaw PF

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:A variety of behavioral procedures have been developed to assess cannabinoid activity in mice; however, the feasibility of establishing Delta(9)-THC as a discriminative stimulus in mice has not been documented. OBJECTIVE:One goal was to establish Delta(9)-THC as a discriminative stimulus in mice; after havin...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： McMahon LR,Ginsburg BC,Lamb RJ

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Central CB1 cannabinoid receptors regulate anxiety-like and appetitive consummatory behaviors. Pharmacological antagonism/inverse-agonism of CB1 receptors increases anxiety and decreases appetitive behaviors; however, neither well-defined dose nor context dependence of these effects has been simultaneously as...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Gamble-George JC,Conger JR,Hartley ND,Gupta P,Sumislawski JJ,Patel S

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats may produce ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) in threatening situations. USV of adult male rats in association with aversive stimulation was evaluated as a screening method for anxiolytic drugs. The triazolobenzodiazepine alprazolam, the 5-HT uptake inhibitors fluvoxamine and clomipramine, the mixed 5-HT/NA uptake i...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Molewijk HE,van der Poel AM,Mos J,van der Heyden JA,Olivier B

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many behavioral effects of cocaine are attenuated by dopamine (DA) receptor antagonists. Yet, long-term DA antagonist administration enhances neuronal responsiveness to DA in several pathways, including the mesolimbic system. This study compared the effects of short-term versus long-term administration of the DA antag...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Kosten TA,DeCaprio JL,Nestler EJ

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Nicotine replacement is commonly used to treat tobacco use in heavy-drinking smokers. However, few studies have examined the effect of nicotine replacement on subjective and physiological responses to alcohol and alcohol drinking behavior. OBJECTIVE:The primary aim of this within-subject, double-blind study ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： McKee SA,O'Malley SS,Shi J,Mase T,Krishnan-Sarin S

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cholinergic neurotransmission has been implicated in various forms of neural plasticity such as kindling and learning. We have previously shown that blockade of muscarinic cholinergic receptors prevents the development of locomotor sensitization to methamphetamine. The present study was conducted to examine whether sc...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Ohmori T,Abekawa T,Koyama T

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Acid sensing ion channels (ASICs) are proton-gated ion channels located in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Of particular interest is ASIC1a, which is located in areas associated with fear and anxiety behaviors. Recent reports suggest a role for ASIC1a in preclinical models of fear conditioning and...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Dwyer JM,Rizzo SJ,Neal SJ,Lin Q,Jow F,Arias RL,Rosenzweig-Lipson S,Dunlop J,Beyer CE

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Depressed patients robustly exhibit affective biases in emotional processing which are altered by SSRIs and predict clinical outcome. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study is to investigate whether psilocybin, recently shown to rapidly improve mood in treatment-resistant depression (TRD), alters patients' e...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Stroud JB,Freeman TP,Leech R,Hindocha C,Lawn W,Nutt DJ,Curran HV,Carhart-Harris RL

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Studies of the discriminative stimulus effects of drug mixtures provide an approach to polydrug abuse and studies on single drugs with multiple effects. OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to investigate whether the use of the AND-OR procedure increases the specificity of drug mixture discriminations. METHODS...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Mariathasan EA,Stolerman IP,White JA

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:the immediate posttrial injection of oxotremorine (0.250 mu Mol/kg, IP) can facilitate the retention of a passive-avoidance response in mice. After the administration of alfa-methyl-p-tyrosine methylester (alpha-MPT) by intracerebroventricular injection at doses that had no effect on retention (100 microgram, 10 micro...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Huygens P,Baratti CM,Gardella JL,Filinger E

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We are performing a double-blind trial with inward psychiatric patients. The indication for our psychotropic or psychotherapeutic intervention is mainly severe depression (= major depressive disorders DSM III). For a 3-week trial course trazodone (400 mg daily), amitriptyline (150 mg/die) or placebo capsules were give...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Klieser E,Lehmann E

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Abnormalities of cortical evoked potentials and background electroencephalographic (EEG) frequencies occur in several psychiatric disorders, some of which, especially depression, are associated with hypercortisolaemia. However, there have been few investigations of the effects of exogenously administered cort...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Ashton CH,Lunn B,Marsh VR,Young AH

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Acute administration of selective serotonin and noradrenaline re-uptake blockers to healthy volunteers affects the processing of emotional information but it is not known if similar effects occur with antidepressants acting through other pharmacological mechanisms. Mirtazapine is a clinically established ant...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Arnone D,Horder J,Cowen PJ,Harmer CJ

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were maintained on a regimen of restricted access to water. Desipramine (DMI) IP 1 h prior to the access period dose-dependently reduced water intake. Following completion of the dose-response determination for the effect of desipramine or water intake, rats were divided into three groups for repeated administrat...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： O'Donnell JM,Rider DP,Somani S,Seiden LS

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The low rate of success for identifying effective treatments for cognitive dysfunction has prompted recent efforts to improve pharmaceutical discovery and development. In particular, investigators have emphasized improving translation from pre-clinical to clinical research. A specific area of focus has been touchscree...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Mohler EG,Ding Z,Rueter LE,Chapin D,Young D,Kozak R

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Memories can return to a labile state and become amenable to modification by pharmacological and behavioral manipulations after retrieval. This process may reduce the impact of aversive memories and provide a promising therapeutic technique for the treatment of anxiety disorders. A growing body of evidence su...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hu J,Wang Z,Feng X,Long C,Schiller D

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Attentional bias for alcohol-related cues is associated with the motivation to drink alcohol, possibly because attentional bias increases craving. OBJECTIVES:We examined whether an experimentally induced attentional bias would influence subjective and behavioural indices of the motivation to drink. METHODS:...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Field M,Eastwood B

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Clozapine is a unique antipsychotic with very low propensity to cause motor side effects. In contrast to most other antipsychotics that block more than 70% of dopamine D(2) receptors at therapeutic doses, clozapine occupies less than 70%. Furthermore, even at maximum occupancy, 70% is not exceeded. Several me...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Suhara T,Okauchi T,Sudo Y,Takano A,Kawabe K,Maeda J,Kapur S

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of brain noradrenaline synthesis and receptor activation for the hyperkinesia induced by carbidopa plus L-Dopa in reserpine-treated or normal mice was analyzed in four different models. After pretreatment with reserpine and the monoamine oxidase inhibitor nialamide, the hyperkinesia induced by L-Dopa (2...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Andén NE,Strömbom U,Svensson TH

更新日期：1977-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:People with schizophrenia exhibit a high obesity rate. However, little is known about the prevalence of obesity and its relationship with clinical symptoms and metabolic indicators in first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) schizophrenia. METHODS:Demographic and lipid parameters were gathered from 297 FEDN schizophr...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Tian Y,Wang D,Wei G,Wang J,Zhou H,Xu H,Dai Q,Xiu M,Chen D,Wang L,Zhang XY

更新日期：2020-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Rivastigmine patches are used for patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), but little is known about the serum concentration of rivastigmine and its metabolite or clinical adherence in relation to skinfold thickness after rivastigmine patch application. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to examine the asso...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Chou PS,Jhang KM,Huang LC,Wang WF,Yang YH

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Quitting smoking is often very challenging, leading to frequent relapse. Exposure to acute and chronic stress during abstinence increases the likelihood of relapse to smoking. In rodents, stress acutely reinstates nicotine seeking after extinction of nicotine self-administration (SA). However, whether reacqui...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Yu G,Chen H,Sharp BM

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic exposure to very mild unpredictable stress has previously been found to depress the consumption of, and preference for, highly palatable sweet solutions. The present study used the place conditioning procedure to investigate whether these effects result from a decreased sensitivity to reward. Rats were subject...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Papp M,Willner P,Muscat R

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intraperitoneal (IP) administration of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, soman (10-40 micrograms/kg), suppressed in a dose-related manner response rates in rats maintained under a multiple fixed-interval 50-s fixed-ratio 25 schedule of food delivery. Chronic administration of soman at weekly intervals resulted in to...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hymowitz N,Brezenoff HE,McGee J,Campbell K,Knight V

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benztropine mesylate (Cogentin) and physostigmine salicylate (Antilirium), were tested for changes in tongue protrusions, retrusions, and swallowing acts in rats anesthetized with a 100 mg/kg IM injection of ketamine hydrochloride. These ketamine-induced linguopharyngeal events were monitored by means of a force displ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Marco LA,Joshi RS,Brown C,Aldes LD,Chronister RB

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cognitive deficits, particularly memory impairment, observed in association with organic brain damage caused by chronic alcohol ingestion, are consistent with the profile of benzodiazepine-induced amnesia. This study examined the cognitive capabilities of a group of heavy social drinkers (n = 11) and a group of lo...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Nichols JM,Martin F,Kirkby KC

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES:Blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) contrast pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging (phMRI) is an increasingly popular technique that allows the non-invasive investigation of spatial and temporal changes in rat brain function in response to pharmacological stimulation in vivo. Rat brain BOL...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Steward CA,Marsden CA,Prior MJ,Morris PG,Shah YB

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Recently we demonstrated that genetic or pharmacological suppression of the central ghrelin signaling system, involving the growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1A (GHS-R1A), lead to a reduced reward profile from alcohol. As the target circuits for ghrelin in the brain include a mesolimbic reward pathway t...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Jerlhag E,Egecioglu E,Dickson SL,Engel JA

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Under the fixed-consecutive-number schedule (FCN), pigeons were reinforced for responding eight or more times on one response key (work key), and then responding once on a second response key. In one component of this schedule, an external stimulus signalled the completion of the response requirement on the work key (...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Picker M,Dykstra LA

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00