Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Access to peripheral veins is necessary for sample collection, transfusion and infusion of fluids or medications. The peripheral intravenous catheterization (PIVC) procedure is the introduction of a short catheter into a peripheral vein and can be problematic, leading to multiple failed attempts. PURPOSE:To analyze scientific literature regarding difficulties in establishing peripheral intravenous access and improvement strategies. METHOD:A literature search was undertaken and secondary references were retrieved from the papers obtained from the initial search. A total of 128 papers published from 1975 to 2011 were reviewed. RESULTS:The first attempt of PIVC fails in 12-26% of adults and 24-54% of children. Factors associated with the currently utilized PIVC success include: (1) patient's characteristics such as age, gender, race, weight/BMI, co-existing medical conditions and skin/vein characteristics, (2) procedure related factors such as the insertion site and catheter caliber, and (3) the operator's expertise. Strategies to improve PIVC success include: (1) bedside techniques such as venodilation, vascular visualization and vein entry indication, (2) pain management and (3) engagement of expert health care providers. CONCLUSION:Bedside techniques have shown more improvement in PIVC success rates as opposed to pain management. Expert health care providers have shown higher performance levels with regard to the difficult cases of PIVC.
journal_name
Biomed Mater Engjournal_title
Bio-medical materials and engineeringauthors
Sabri A,Szalas J,Holmes KS,Labib L,Mussivand Tdoi
10.3233/BME-120735subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-01-01 00:00:00pages
93-108issue
1-2eissn
0959-2989issn
1878-3619pii
W7761341103R8704journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Mechanical testing has been performed to characterize the locking strength of Morse taper locks used for reconstruction of large bone defects. Taper joint pairs were locked with a series of compressive loads increasing from 500 to 3500 N. Following each load application the taper locks were distracted with either an a...
journal_title:Bio-medical materials and engineering
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