Abstract：
:Benzodiazepines are widely used clinically to treat anxiety and insomnia. They also induce muscle relaxation, control epileptic seizures, and can produce amnesia. Moreover, benzodiazepines are often abused after chronic clinical treatment and also for recreational purposes. Within weeks, tolerance to the pharmacological effects can develop as a sign of dependence. In vulnerable individuals with compulsive drug use, addiction will be diagnosed. Here we review recent observations from animal models regarding the cellular and molecular basis that might underlie the addictive properties of benzodiazepines. These data reveal how benzodiazepines, acting through specific GABA(A) receptor subtypes, activate midbrain dopamine neurons, and how this could hijack the mesolimbic reward system. Such findings have important implications for the future design of benzodiazepines with reduced or even absent addiction liability.
journal_name
Trends Neuroscijournal_title
Trends in neurosciencesauthors
Tan KR,Rudolph U,Lüscher Cdoi
10.1016/j.tins.2011.01.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-04-01 00:00:00pages
188-97issue
4eissn
0166-2236issn
1878-108Xpii
S0166-2236(11)00005-1journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Since early anatomical descriptions, the existence of dendritic spines has stimulated intense curiosity and speculation about their regulation and function. Research over the past three decades has described an impressive mutability in dendritic-spine number and morphology under a variety of physiological circumstance...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
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abstract：:In adult rodents, subventricular zone (SVZ) astrocytes (B cells) function as primary progenitors in the generation of new neurons that migrate to the olfactory bulb (OB), where they differentiate into multiple types of interneurons. It has been generally considered that individual adult SVZ stem cells are capable of g...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01636-2
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01716-1
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
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更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01610-6
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2006.11.003
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2003.12.004
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
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doi：10.1016/0166-2236(95)93887-4
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2007.12.006
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
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doi：10.1016/0166-2236(93)90156-g
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
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doi：10.1016/s0166-2236(96)01000-4
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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abstract：:Anhedonia, or markedly diminished interest or pleasure, is a hallmark symptom of major depression, schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Over the past three decades, the clinical definition of anhedonia has remained relatively unchanged, although cognitive psychology and behavioral neuroscience have expa...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2011.11.005
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aging is characterized by decrements in maximum function and accumulation of mitochondrial DNA mutations, which are best observed in organs such as the brain that contain post-mitotic cells. Oxygen radicals are increasingly considered responsible for part of these aging changes. Comparative studies of animals with dif...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2004.07.005
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are ion channels activated by the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate and are essential to all aspects of brain function, including learning and memory formation. Missense mutations distributed throughout NMDAR subunits have been associated with an array of neurological disorders. Recent stru...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2017.01.001
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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abstract：:This review focuses on the epileptic human temporal lobe, primarily on recent findings related to changes in hippocampal GABAergic interneuron circuits that have a central role in epileptogenesis. Relying on correlations to animal studies, we provide a functional interpretation of the different changes in perisomatic ...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2005.04.002
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2005.01.005
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
