Hooked on benzodiazepines: GABAA receptor subtypes and addiction.

abstract：:Depression is a common cause of mortality and morbidity, but the biological bases of the deficits in emotional and cognitive processing remain incompletely understood. Current antidepressant therapies are effective in only some patients and act slowly. Here, we propose an excitatory synapse hypothesis of depression in...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Thompson SM,Kallarackal AJ,Kvarta MD,Van Dyke AM,LeGates TA,Cai X

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) has been linked to demyelination and remyelination. Using zebrafish and mouse models of demyelination and remyelination, Cunha et al. now describe a novel role for myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling in supporting remyelination by promoting myeloid cell-...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Murugaiyan G,Fujiwara M,Garo LP

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The appearance of Santiago Ramón y Cajal in the world of neuroscience provoked a radical change in the course of its history. Cajal's studies of the microanatomy of virtually the whole CNS and his observations regarding degeneration and regeneration, together with his theories about the function, development and plast...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： DeFelipe J

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unlike most mammalian species, the prairie vole is highly affiliative, forms enduring social bonds between mates and displays biparental behavior. Over two decades of research on this species has enhanced our understanding of the neurobiological basis not only of monogamy, social attachment and nurturing behaviors but...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： McGraw LA,Young LJ

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endoplasmic reticulum responds to stress by initiating a cascade of events known as the 'unfolded-protein response' (UPR). The accumulation of misfolded proteins in the leukodystrophy Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease activates this stress response, resulting in apoptosis of oligodendrocytes. Although it remains uncert...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Forman MS,Lee VM,Trojanowski JQ

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the many calcium-binding proteins in the nervous system, parvalbumin, calbindin-D28K and calretinin are particularly striking in their abundance and in the specificity of their distribution. They can be found in different subsets of neurons in many brain regions. Although it is not yet known whether they play a ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Baimbridge KG,Celio MR,Rogers JH

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sensory dendrites fall into many different morphological and functional classes. Polymodal nociceptors are one subclass of sensory neurons, which are of particular note owing to their elaborate dendritic arbors. Complex developmental programs are required to form these arbors and there is striking conservation of morp...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Hall DH,Treinin M

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A growing body of work is investigating the safety and efficacy of light in Parkinson's disease (PD). Here we discuss the potential of this emerging therapy to improve both motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. We also highlight directions for future basic, translational, and clinical research that are critical for the ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Fifel K,Videnovic A

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is generally thought that monoamines play a nonspecific role in modulating cortical activity. However, several lines of evidence now indicate that cortical monoaminergic afferents show remarkable anatomical specificity. In particular, there is unequivocal evidence for regional, laminar and intracortical specificity...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Parnavelas JG,Papadopoulos GC

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Local signaling events at synapses or axon terminals must be communicated to the nucleus to elicit transcriptional responses. The lengths of neuronal processes pose a significant challenge for such intracellular communication. This challenge is met by mechanisms ranging from rapid signals encoded in calcium waves to s...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Panayotis N,Karpova A,Kreutz MR,Fainzilber M

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the classical picture of brain function, electrical impulses are initiated in sensory organs and spread rapidly down axons, jumping synaptic clefts by neurochemical transmission. Patterns of electrical activity generated in this way integrate information throughout the brain and result in coordinated motor output. ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Kennedy MB

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Classical receptive-field concepts have been used to explain local perceptual effects such as border contrast and Mach bands, but are not sufficient to explain global perceptual effects. Examples are the perception of illusory contours, area contrast, color constancy, depth planes, coherent motion and texture contrast...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Spillmann L,Werner JS

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies of the iconic fall migration of monarch butterflies have illuminated the mechanisms behind their southward navigation while using a time-compensated sun compass. Skylight cues, such as the sun itself and polarized light, are processed through both eyes and are probably integrated in the brain's central ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Reppert SM,Gegear RJ,Merlin C

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hormonal effects are increasingly recognized as important influences on neuronal function and, ultimately, on animal behavior. Such 'higher' behavioral effects are well studied, particularly in relation to sexually dimorphic behaviors. Yet, somewhat surprisingly, a significant proportion of more basic neuroscience res...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Berkley KJ

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This is a great age to participate in biological inquiry. Behavioral neuroscience offers a rich perspective for molecular biologists. However, behavioral analysis is not simply an assay. Whereas molecular biology has become a unique tool in the armamentarium of behavioral neuroscience, the powerful methodology of mole...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Lederhendler I,Schulkin J

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are pluripotent stem cells in the adult brain that might not be very different from those found in bone marrow. Recent and profound advances in the field of neuropoiesis, which often rely on insights from studies of hematopoiesis and in some instances use cross-paradigms with this field, have already revealed th...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Scheffler B,Horn M,Blumcke I,Laywell ED,Coomes D,Kukekov VG,Steindler DA

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's disease is a common and disabling disorder of movement owing to dopaminergic denervation of the striatum. However, it is still unclear how this denervation perverts normal functioning to cause slowing of voluntary movements. Recent work using tissue slice preparations, animal models and in humans with Park...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Hammond C,Bergman H,Brown P

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The principal ovarian estrogen, estradiol, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have widespread effects on the CNS that have usually been studied independently. This article examines the similarities in the effects of estradiol and BDNF in the hippocampus, in light of the evidence that estradiol can induce BDN...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Scharfman HE,Maclusky NJ

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurodegenerative tauopathies are marked by their common pathologic feature of aggregates formed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, which are associated with synapse and neuronal loss. Changes in tau conformation result in both loss of normal function and gain of fibrillogenicity that leads to aggregation. Here, we d...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Spires-Jones TL,Stoothoff WH,de Calignon A,Jones PB,Hyman BT

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Resolvins, including D and E series resolvins, are endogenous lipid mediators generated during the resolution phase of acute inflammation from the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Resolvins have potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution actions in severa...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Ji RR,Xu ZZ,Strichartz G,Serhan CN

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand the role of a gene in adult behavior, it is necessary to control its expression in four dimensions: space and time. Two recent papers describe implementation of different but related technologies that now provide this missing element in fly behavioral research. ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Leung B,Waddell S

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent opinion surveys suggest that the majority of the public is willing to accept the use of animals in research if high standards of welfare and effective regulation are in place. The public appears unaware that such standards have existed for some time. The scientific community should now re-focus its communicatio...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Matfield M

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons are dynamic cells that respond and adapt to stimuli throughout their long postmitotic lives. The structural and functional plasticity of neurons requires the regulated transcription of new gene products, and dysregulation of transcription in either the developing or adult brain impairs cognition. We discuss ho...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Gallegos DA,Chan U,Chen LF,West AE

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are ion channels activated by the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate and are essential to all aspects of brain function, including learning and memory formation. Missense mutations distributed throughout NMDAR subunits have been associated with an array of neurological disorders. Recent stru...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Zhou HX,Wollmuth LP

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aging is characterized by decrements in maximum function and accumulation of mitochondrial DNA mutations, which are best observed in organs such as the brain that contain post-mitotic cells. Oxygen radicals are increasingly considered responsible for part of these aging changes. Comparative studies of animals with dif...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Barja G

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Advances in understanding the biology of neurotrophic factors and their signaling pathways have provided important insights into the normal growth, differentiation and maintenance of neurons. Stimulated by neuropathological observations and genetic discoveries, studies in cell and animal models of neurodegenerative di...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Salehi A,Delcroix JD,Mobley WC

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Active feedback mechanisms in the ears of mammals amplify and tune the auditory response to sound stimuli, allowing these organisms to enjoy both exquisite sensitivity and sharp frequency selectivity. A requisite component of this feedback pathway has recently been identified. Targeted deletion of pres, the gene that ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Géléoc GS,Holt JR

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A large body of evidence suggests that neural plasticity contributes to learning and disease. Recent studies suggest that cortical map plasticity is typically a transient phase that improves learning by increasing the pool of task-relevant responses. Here, I discuss a new perspective on neural plasticity and suggest h...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Kilgard MP

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple sclerosis (MS), an incurable but manageable disorder, is characterized by chronic inflammatory demyelination and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. Although the primary cause of this often devastating disease remains elusive, major therapeutic advances have occurred during the past two decades. ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Aktas O,Kieseier B,Hartung HP

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The existence of an endogenous cannabinoid system was demonstrated conclusively with the discovery of endogenous brain constituents capable of activating the cannabinoid receptors functionally. These compounds are synthesized by neuronal cells and inactivated through re-uptake and enzymatic hydrolysis by both neurons ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Di Marzo V,Melck D,Bisogno T,De Petrocellis L

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00