Macromolecular transport in synapse to nucleus communication.

abstract：:Women experience many pain conditions more frequently when compared with men, but the biological mechanisms underlying sex differences in pain remain poorly understood. In particular, little is known about possible sex differences in peripheral nociceptors, the fundamental building blocks of pain transmission. Emergin...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Chen Y,Navratilova E,Dodick DW,Porreca F

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The limitation of immune responsiveness in the mammalian CNS has been attributed to the intricate nature of neuronal networks, which would appear to be more susceptible than other tissues to the threat of permanent disorganization when exposed to massive inflammation. This line of logic led to the conclusion that all ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Schwartz M,Moalem G,Leibowitz-Amit R,Cohen IR

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The existence of an endogenous cannabinoid system was demonstrated conclusively with the discovery of endogenous brain constituents capable of activating the cannabinoid receptors functionally. These compounds are synthesized by neuronal cells and inactivated through re-uptake and enzymatic hydrolysis by both neurons ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Di Marzo V,Melck D,Bisogno T,De Petrocellis L

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Progress in migraine research has been rapid in recent years, from both the basic science and the clinical perspectives. A new internationally accepted headache classification with operational diagnostic criteria was published in 1988, eliminating much diagnostic uncertainty. More than a decade of study of regional ce...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Olesen J,Edvinsson L

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Itch is a distinct sensation arising from the superficial layers of skin and mucous membranes. It is elicited by histamine and probably other endogenous chemicals that excite subpopulations of unmyelinated primary afferents and spinal neurones projecting through the anterolateral quadrant to the brain. The two popular...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： McMahon SB,Koltzenburg M

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For organs innervated by the autonomic nervous system, it is generally held that neuroeffector transmission is achieved by varicosities releasing transmitters some distance from the membranes of target cells. Transmitters are thought to diffuse through the extracellular space and interact with post-junctional receptor...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Hirst GD,Bramich NJ,Edwards FR,Klemm M

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendrites of pyramidal neurons are complex, electrically active structures that can produce local and global Ca(2+) compartments. Recent studies indicate that dendrites of cortical GABAergic interneurons are also highly specialized, and that different subtypes vary in their morphology, in their intrinsic and synaptic ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Goldberg JH,Yuste R

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A century after the discovery of acetylcholine (ACh), we recognize both ACh receptors, transporters, and synthesizing and degrading enzymes and regulators of their expression as contributors to cognition, metabolism, and immunity. Recent discoveries indicate that pre- and post-transcriptional ACh signaling controllers...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Soreq H

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Active feedback mechanisms in the ears of mammals amplify and tune the auditory response to sound stimuli, allowing these organisms to enjoy both exquisite sensitivity and sharp frequency selectivity. A requisite component of this feedback pathway has recently been identified. Targeted deletion of pres, the gene that ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Géléoc GS,Holt JR

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review focuses on the epileptic human temporal lobe, primarily on recent findings related to changes in hippocampal GABAergic interneuron circuits that have a central role in epileptogenesis. Relying on correlations to animal studies, we provide a functional interpretation of the different changes in perisomatic ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Maglóczky Z,Freund TF

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The colors perceived by humans in response to light stimuli are generally described in terms of four color categories (reds, greens, blues and yellows), the members of which are systematically arrayed around gray. This broadly accepted description of color sensation differs fundamentally from the light that induces it...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Lotto RB,Purves D

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic pain is sustained by central neuronal sensitization, with many similar characteristics irrespective of the type of injury incurred. Nevertheless, pain arising from nerve injury (neuropathic pain) is resistant to centrally acting analgesics, whereas inflammatory pain responds well. New research indicates that t...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Garry EM,Fleetwood-Walker SM

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) system has an essential role in the selection and control of movement sequences, and its degeneration causes the characteristic motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonian motor symptoms are alleviated by L-DOPA, but this treatment induces motor fluctuations and dyskinesias (abn...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Cenci MA

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During prenatal brain development, ion channels are ubiquitous across several cell types, including progenitor cells and migrating neurons but their function has not been clear. In the past, ion channel dysfunction has been primarily studied in the context of postnatal, differentiated neurons that fire action potentia...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Smith RS,Walsh CA

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hebbian synaptic learning requires co-activation of presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons. However, under some conditions, information regarding the postsynaptic action potential, carried by backpropagating action potentials, can be strongly degraded before it reaches the distal exhibit Hebbian long-term potentiation (...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Mehta MR

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both theoretical and experimental animal work supports the hypothesis that transient oscillatory synchronization of neuronal assemblies at gamma frequencies (30-100 Hz) is closely associated with sensory processing. Recent data from recordings in animals and humans have suggested that gamma-frequency activity also has...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Jensen O,Kaiser J,Lachaux JP

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The birth of new neurons in the walls of the adult brain lateral ventricles has captured the attention of many neuroscientists for over 2 decades, yielding key insights into the identity and regulation of neural stem cells (NSCs). In the adult ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ), NSCs are a specialized form of ast...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Lim DA,Alvarez-Buylla A

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms underlying lesion formation in multiple sclerosis are unknown. The prevailing view is that macrophages are primary mediators of myelin destruction in the relapsing and remitting forms of this disease. However, recent findings have revealed widespread oligodendrocyte apoptosis in the absence of a clear c...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Matute C,Pérez-Cerdá F

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural tube closure fails in both mouse and Xenopus when dishevelled and other components of the planar-cell-polarity pathway are misregulated. The underlying defect involves a failure of convergent extension in the midline of the early neural plate. Although bilateral neural folds form, they are abnormally far apart ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Copp AJ,Greene ND,Murdoch JN

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It might appear curious to read about yeast, slime molds and protozoa in a journal dedicated to neuroscience. However, despite their distinct lack of synapses, eukaryotic microorganisms hold a wealth of information relevant to the signal-transduction pathways that underly activity in neuronal receptor cells, particula...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Van Houten J

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maladaptive responses to stress and the associated hypersecretion of glucocorticoids cause psychopathologies ranging from hyperemotional states and mood dysfunction to cognitive impairments. Research in both humans and animal models has begun to identify morphological correlates of these functional changes. These incl...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Sousa N,Almeida OF

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels are one of the main routes for the entry of Ca2+ into excitable cells. These channels are unique in cell-signalling terms in that they can transduce an electrical signal (membrane depolarization) via Ca2+ entry into a chemical signal, by virtue of the diverse range of intracellular Ca(2...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Dolphin AC

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mis-sense mutations of presenilin 1 increase the release of amyloidogenic peptide from amyloid precursor protein (APP) and are a major cause of familial Alzheimer's Disease. Loss-of-function mutations of presenilins in the mouse, Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila result in severe developmental defects caused by di...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Annaert W,De Strooper B

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GABAergic interneurons innervating the perisomatic region of pyramidal cells control population discharge patterns, and thereby all cognitive operations in the cerebral cortex. A striking dichotomy in the function of this interneuron population seems to emerge from the synthesis of recent molecular, anatomical and ele...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Freund TF

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 'thrifty gene hypothesis' posits that evolution preferentially selects physiological mechanisms that optimize energy storage to increase survival under alternating conditions of abundance and scarcity of food. Recent experiments suggest that endocannabinoids - a class of lipid-derived mediators that activate canna...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： DiPatrizio NV,Piomelli D

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The majority of Alzheimer's disease is inherited in a complex manner involving environmental factors and several genes. One of these genes is Apolipoprotein E where the polymorphic allele (APOE epsilon 4) has been robustly shown to modify risk and the course of Alzheimer's disease. The epsilon 4 allele however, only a...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Lendon C,Craddock N

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To successfully interact with their environments, developing organisms need to correctly process sensory information and generate motor outputs appropriate to their size and structure. Patterned sensory experience has long been known to induce various forms of developmental plasticity that ultimately shape mature neur...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Ruthazer ES,Aizenman CD

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have demonstrated that oligodendrocytes in the spinal cord and brainstem originate from restricted domains of ventral neuroepithelium under the influence of sonic hedgehog protein (SHH). However, the origin of oligodendrocytes in the telencephalon, the most anterior part of the CNS, has not been estab...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Qi Y,Stapp D,Qiu M

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The marriage of cognitive neurophysiology and mathematical psychology to understand decision-making has been exceptionally productive. This interdisciplinary area is based on the proposition that particular neurons or circuits instantiate the accumulation of evidence specified by mathematical models of sequential samp...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Schall JD

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abundant tau-positive neurofibrillary lesions constitute a defining neuropathological characteristic of Alzheimer's disease. Filamentous tau pathology is also central to a number of other dementing disorders, such as Pick's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration and familial frontotemporal ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Spillantini MG,Goedert M

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00