Tau pathophysiology in neurodegeneration: a tangled issue.

abstract：:Recently, two large multigene families of putative G-protein-linked receptors that are expressed in distinct subpopulations of neurones in the vomeronasal organ have been identified. These receptors probably mediate pheromone detection. The most surprising aspects of these findings are that there are so many receptors...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Tirindelli R,Mucignat-Caretta C,Ryba NJ

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A defining feature of the vertebrate nervous system is the ensheathment of axons by myelin, a multilamellar membrane containing a small group of proteins and an abundance of the galactolipid galactocerebroside (GalC) and its sulfated derivative sulfatide. Several in vitro studies have suggested that these galactolipid...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Coetzee T,Suzuki K,Popko B

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Progress in molecular genetics has enabled the dissection of several autosomal dominantly inherited forms of cerebrovascular disorders. Mutations in diverse genes might induce pathological changes in intracranial vessels, resulting in cerebral haemorrhages and ischaemic strokes. Such pathologies, however, might also r...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Kalaria RN

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Navigation depends upon neural systems that monitor spatial location and head orientation. Recent developmental findings have led some to conclude that these systems are innate. Such claims are premature. But also, there are more meaningful ways to arrive at answers about developmental origins than by invoking the out...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Blumberg MS

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The appearance of Santiago Ramón y Cajal in the world of neuroscience provoked a radical change in the course of its history. Cajal's studies of the microanatomy of virtually the whole CNS and his observations regarding degeneration and regeneration, together with his theories about the function, development and plast...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： DeFelipe J

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The limitation of immune responsiveness in the mammalian CNS has been attributed to the intricate nature of neuronal networks, which would appear to be more susceptible than other tissues to the threat of permanent disorganization when exposed to massive inflammation. This line of logic led to the conclusion that all ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Schwartz M,Moalem G,Leibowitz-Amit R,Cohen IR

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic pain secondary to neuronal injury is actively and continuously modulated at multiple locations along the sensory neuraxis. Here, we describe how nociceptive neurons of the spinal cord and thalamus process and communicate nociceptive information in terms of precisely calibrated firing patterns. We then discuss ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Saab CY,Hains BC

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the central nervous system (CNS) the function of retinoic acid, the active metabolite of vitamin A, is best understood from its action in guiding embryonic development; as development comes to completion, retinoic acid signaling declines. However, it is increasingly recognized that this signaling mechanism does not...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Shearer KD,Stoney PN,Morgan PJ,McCaffery PJ

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A model is proposed whereby the spread of long-term potentiation (LTP) between potentiated and neighboring neurons is initiated by a retrograde signal that is restricted to the synaptic clefts of the potentiated neurons. Next, a change, such as enhanced release of neurotransmitter, occurs in the presynaptic boutons th...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Harris KM

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroethics, a recently modernized field at the intersection of bioethics and neuroscience, is founded on centuries of discussion of the ethical issues associated with mind and behavior. Broadly defined, neuroethics is concerned with ethical, legal and social policy implications of neuroscience, and with aspects of ne...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Illes J,Bird SJ

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How did brains evolve to become so complex, and what is their future? Brains pose an explanatory challenge because entropy, which inexorably increases over time, is commonly associated with disorder and simplicity. Recently we showed how evolution is an entropic process, building structures - organisms - which themsel...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Jeffery KJ,Rovelli C

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of the complement system has been reported in a variety of inflammatory diseases and neurodegenerative processes of the CNS. Recent evidence indicates that complement proteins and receptors are synthesized on or by glial cells and, surprisingly, neurons. Among these proteins are the receptors for the chemot...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Nataf S,Stahel PF,Davoust N,Barnum SR

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interaural time differences (ITDs) represent an important cue in sound localization and auditory scene analysis. To assess this cue the auditory system internally delays binaural inputs to compensate for the outer delay, before neurons in the brainstem detect the coincident arrival of the inputs from the two ears. Dif...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Vonderschen K,Wagner H

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ATP-sensitive K+ channels couple cell metabolism to electrical activity in nerve, muscle and endocrine cells, and play important roles in these tissues under both physiological and pathological conditions. The KATP channel is an octameric complex of two unrelated types of subunit: a pore-forming subunit (Kir6.2) and a...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Ashcroft FM,Gribble FM

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sleep can facilitate memory formation, but its role in cortical plasticity is poorly understood. A recent study found that sleep, following monocular deprivation (MD), facilitated cortical changes in ocular dominance. The magnitude of plasticity was similar to that observed after continued MD, and larger than that see...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Hoffman KL,McNaughton BL

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GABAergic interneurons innervating the perisomatic region of pyramidal cells control population discharge patterns, and thereby all cognitive operations in the cerebral cortex. A striking dichotomy in the function of this interneuron population seems to emerge from the synthesis of recent molecular, anatomical and ele...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Freund TF

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Implanted neural probes are among the most important techniques in both fundamental and clinical neuroscience. Despite great successes and promise, neural electrodes are technically limited by their scalability. A recent study by Obaid et al. demonstrated an innovative way to greatly scale up the channel count and den...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Lycke R,Sun L,Luan L,Xie C

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Priming is the process by which vesicles become available for fusion at nerve terminals and is modulated by numerous proteins and second messengers. One of the prominent members of this diverse family is tomosyn. Tomosyn has been identified as a syntaxin-binding protein; it inhibits vesicle priming, but its mode of ac...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Ashery U,Bielopolski N,Barak B,Yizhar O

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent progress in cognitive neuroscience highlights the involvement of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in social cognition. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that representations within the lateral PFC enable people to coordinate their thoughts and actions with their intentions to support goal-directed social behavior. ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Barbey AK,Krueger F,Grafman J

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Modern neuroscientific techniques that specifically manipulate and measure neuronal activity in behaving animals now allow bridging of the gap from the cellular to the behavioral level. However, in doing so, they also pose new challenges. Research using incompletely defined manipulations in a high-dimensional space wi...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Braganza O,Beck H

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sensory dendrites fall into many different morphological and functional classes. Polymodal nociceptors are one subclass of sensory neurons, which are of particular note owing to their elaborate dendritic arbors. Complex developmental programs are required to form these arbors and there is striking conservation of morp...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Hall DH,Treinin M

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The subunit switching of ligand-gated receptors is a potentially important mechanism through which synaptic plasticity can be achieved in the nervous system. Although established in an activity-dependent manner for neurotransmission that is mediated by excitatory amino acids, there is much less direct evidence for a r...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Brussaard AB,Herbison AE

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lyme disease is of interest to the neurologist and neuroscientist for a variety of reasons. As more arthropod hosts throughout the world are infected with the causative organism, Borrelia burgdorferi, the illness in humans is becoming more prevalent; in addition, recognition of the disease in humans and susceptible an...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Pachner AR

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hereditary ataxias are a group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive ataxia that results from degeneration of the cerebellum and its afferent and efferent connections. Recent molecular research has led not only to the discovery of a number of causative mutations, but also shed light...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Klockgether T,Evert B

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Speakers of different languages think about time differently in accordance with the spatial metaphors common in their languages. Furthermore, learning new spatial metaphors in language instills new non-linguistic representations of time, suggesting that language can play a causal role in constructing mental timelines....

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Boroditsky L

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review focuses on the epileptic human temporal lobe, primarily on recent findings related to changes in hippocampal GABAergic interneuron circuits that have a central role in epileptogenesis. Relying on correlations to animal studies, we provide a functional interpretation of the different changes in perisomatic ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Maglóczky Z,Freund TF

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The colors perceived by humans in response to light stimuli are generally described in terms of four color categories (reds, greens, blues and yellows), the members of which are systematically arrayed around gray. This broadly accepted description of color sensation differs fundamentally from the light that induces it...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Lotto RB,Purves D

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite its highly diffusible nature, the gaseous signalling molecule nitric oxide (NO) can exert specific effects within the CNS and PNS. To date, the specificity of the actions of NO remains an unsolved puzzle. There are several plausible mechanisms that might account for this specificity in the context of autonomic...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Paton JF,Kasparov S,Paterson DJ

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A large body of evidence suggests that neural plasticity contributes to learning and disease. Recent studies suggest that cortical map plasticity is typically a transient phase that improves learning by increasing the pool of task-relevant responses. Here, I discuss a new perspective on neural plasticity and suggest h...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Kilgard MP

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fear is an adaptive response to recognition of a potentially dangerous event. Glucocorticoids are essential for maintaining a wide variety of behavioral events by their regulation of numerous genes; one such gene encodes corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH). CRH is involved in diverse behavioral responses to changin...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Schulkin J,Morgan MA,Rosen JB

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00