Abstract：
:Considerable progress has been made in understanding the Fas pathway at the molecular and cellular levels, but fundamental questions about the overall biological role of the Fas pathway remain unresolved. A major question is why lymphoproliferation caused by the lpr mutation of Fas and gld mutation of FasL ligand (FasL) is dominated by CD4(-) and CD8(-) double-negative alphabeta T cells (DN T cells) that are otherwise rare components of the peripheral T cell repertoire. A second unresolved question is why inactivation of the Fas pathway prevents organ-specific autoimmunity (including as type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis) while causing systemic lymphoproliferation? Understanding the mechanisms of these processes could uncover important aspects of the biological role of the Fas pathway and could have significant therapeutic implications. For example, revealing the basis of how inactivation of the Fas pathway prevents organ-specific autoimmunity could lead to new immunotherapeutic strategies to promote self tolerance without causing immunosuppression, as the Fas pathway is not essential for T cell activation. Here we discuss recent and new findings from my laboratory that address these questions. On the basis of these findings, we propose a new role for the Fas pathway in sequestration of DN T cells within the gut epithelium.
journal_name
Immunol Resjournal_title
Immunologic researchauthors
Hamad ARdoi
10.1007/s12026-009-8144-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-07-01 00:00:00pages
134-42issue
1-3eissn
0257-277Xissn
1559-0755journal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Previous studies showed that interleukin (IL)-28B gene polymorphisms were associated with hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection and treatment outcomes. We tested whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL-28A and IL-28B are associated with HCV infection among Egyptians with HCV genotype 4 infections. We enrolled...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12026-018-9035-2
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by cartilage and bone loss resulting in pain, deformity, and loss of joint function. Anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) has been implicated in RA pathogenesis and predicts radiographical joint damage and clinical severity. Therefore, the purpose of thi...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12026-013-8479-7
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are evolutionarily highly conserved polypeptides synthesized by many cells to preserve cellular functions under a variety of stressful conditions including infections. We have investigated the involvement of 65-kDa HSP (HSP65) in host protection against an intracellular protozoan parasite, T...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02918253
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine has a long tradition of excellence in immunology research and training. Faculty, students, and postdoctoral fellows walk through hallways that are pictorial reminders of the days when Dr. Jonas Salk worked here to develop the polio vaccine, or when Dr. Niels Jerne chaire...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1385/IR:36:1:1
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dendritic cells (DCs) are known to play an important role in initiating and orchestrating antimicrobial immunity. Given the fact that candidiasis appears often in immunocompromised patients, it seems plausible that DCs hold the key to new antifungal strategies. One possibility to enhance the potency of DC-based immuno...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12026-014-8562-8
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitric oxide (.NO) is a freely diffusible inter- and intracellular messenger produced by a variety of mammalian cells including vascular endothelium, neurons, smooth muscle cells, macrophages, neutrophils, platelets, and pulmonary epithelium. In smooth muscle cells, platelets, and neutrophils, .NO raises intracellular...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1385/IR:26:1-3:107
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The complement system is well represented in the central nervous system. Glial cells and neurons produce or express all of the activation and regulatory proteins and the C3a/C5a receptors. Inhibition of complement activation is protective in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, the animal model for multiple sclero...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1385/IR:26:1-3:007
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Caenorhabditis elegans model can be used to study Candida albicans virulence and host immunity, as well as to identify plant-derived natural products to use against C. albicans. Thymol is a hydrophobic phenol compound from the aromatic plant thyme. In this study, the in vitro data demonstrated concentration-depend...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12026-016-8785-y
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An effective host response against viral infection of the central nervous system (CNS) is the principal factor dictating the outcome of infection. It is the responsibility of the immune response to contain and control viral replication. Paradoxically, it is the immune response that may also contribute to the developme...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1385/IR:24:2:111
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The etiology and immunologic states of autoimmune diseases have mainly been discussed without consideration of extrathymic T cells, which exist in the liver, intestine, and excretion glands. Because extrathymic T cells are autoreactive and are often simultaneously activated along with autoantibody-producing B-1 cells,...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1385/IR:33:1:023
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Host defense of the lung is characterized by a fine balance between the generation of a vigorous inflammatory response to clear pathogens and maintenance of the integrity of the alveolar gas-exchange surface. The magnitude of the inflammatory response is therefore tightly regulated by pro- and anti-inflammatory cytoki...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02786504
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Contrasting results have been reported about the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity (AT) and dysfunction (TD) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). In this study, we pointed to evaluate the incidence of new cases of clinical and subclinical TD in a broad group of patients with PsA versus a control group, matched...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12026-017-8900-8
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The indigenous oral microflora and the host are normally in a state of equilibrium; however, the introduction of a pathogen can result in innate and adaptive immune responses that either contribute to the development of the disease or lead to host immunity. The interactions between the microorganisms and the host are ...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1385/IR:26:1-3:223
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent research on hematological malignancies has shown that malignant cells often co-opt physiological pathways to promote their growth and development. Bone marrow homeostasis requires a fine balance between cellular differentiation and self-renewal; cell survival and apoptosis; and cellular proliferation and senesc...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12026-010-8187-5
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distinction that in areas where helminthic infections are common, autoimmune diseases are less prevalent, led to the investigation of immune modulatory properties of helminths and their derivatives. Such are phosphorylcholine (PC) moieties which are a component of secreted products of helminths. PC has been broadl...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12026-018-9051-2
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:About one half of circulating human B cells express the Leu-8 peripheral lymph node homing receptor that has been implicated in adhesion of lymphocytes and neutrophils to vascular endothelium. A novel and unique function of the Leu-8 antigen has been found in the present study: anti-Leu-8 monoclonal antibody directly ...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02919739
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psoriasis is a common chronic T-cell-mediated autoimmune skin disease, and traditional immunotherapies for psoriasis have focused on the direct inhibition of T cells, which often causes toxicity and lacks long-term effectiveness. Safe and effective therapeutic strategies are strongly needed for psoriasis. In this stud...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12026-014-8521-4
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anti-rods and rings (anti-RR) antibody induction is related to the combination of interferon and ribavirin in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. If the main factor leading to this autoimmune reaction is the combination of these drugs, is not well known, but in vitro studies shows that ribavirin alone ...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12026-020-09136-6
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Limited protective effects of commercially available vaccines necessitate the development of novel pneumococcal vaccines. We recently reported a pneumococcal systemic vaccine containing two proteins, Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA of family 1 and 2) and a bacterium-like particle-based pneumococcal mucosal vaccin...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12026-019-09107-6
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mast cells (MC) are important effector cells in allergic disorders. Recently, the role of MC in innate and adaptive immunity is gaining prominence. Nitric oxide is an important signaling molecule and its production in mast cell has been reported widely. However, controversy exists about whether MC produce NO. This rev...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1385/IR:33:3:223
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytolytic effector function fails to develop if proliferation of allospecific cytolytic T lymphocyte precursors is inhibited, but the requirements for generation of cytolytic activity have not been fully defined. In contrast, the cytolytic effector function of cytolytic T lymphocyte clones does not change during the c...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02935614
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) factors most prominently in the maintenance and differentiation of mature B cells, it is now appreciated that co-receptor molecules can positively or negatively modulate signals through the BCR. Co-receptors are functionally defined as modifiers of BCR engagement and signal t...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1385/IR:31:2:119
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Herpes simplex virus type 1 infection of the mouse eye results in an impressive inflammatory response culminating in the death of the animal or the establishment of a "latent" infection depending on a number of ill-defined variables that include components of the innate and adaptive immune system. The application of t...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1385/IR:30:2:191
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research during the last decade has significantly advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms at the interface between the nervous system and the immune system. Insight into bidirectional neuro-immune communication has characterized the nervous system as an important partner of the immune system in the regu...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12026-015-8718-1
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection of mice with Listeria monocytogenes has led to a puzzling observation: mice deficient in lymphocytes are more resistant during the early innate immune response. This is counterintuitive, because mice deficient in the adaptive immune response are unable to clear the infection and eventually die. This work wil...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12026-007-0017-z
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have focused our research on understanding the basic biology of and developing novel therapeutic and prophylactic DNA vaccines. We have among others three distinct primary areas of interest which include: 1. Enhancing in vivo delivery and transfection of DNA vaccine vectors 2. Improving DNA vaccine construct immuno...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12026-008-8076-3
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Building on significant advances in basic tumor immunology over the past decade, current translational efforts to develop novel antitumor T cell therapeutics continue to accelerate. Both passive T cell immunotherapy (e.g., adoptive T cell transfusions) and active immunotherapy (e.g., vaccination) may eventually become...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1385/IR:27:2-3:341
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apoptosis, programmed cell death, eliminates injured or harmful cells. It can mediate its response through the actions of death ligands including TRAIL. TRAIL, a member of TNF superfamily, induces apoptosis of transformed cells through the action of death domain receptors DR-4 and DR5. It directly induces apoptosis th...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1385/IR:35:3:249
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The participation of inflammatory cells in atherosclerosis is a well-known process that involves numerous molecules including chemotactic cytokines (chemokines) for their entry into the vessel wall. Although the C-C chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and its receptor, CCR2, have been implicated in atheroscle...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1385/ir:21:2-3:129
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic infections have been a major topic of investigation in recent years, but the mechanisms that dictate whether or not a pathogen is successfully controlled are incompletely understood. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a herpesvirus that establishes a persistent infection in the majority of people in the world. Like othe...
journal_title：Immunologic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12026-011-8251-9
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
