Oxidases and oxygenases in regulation of vascular nitric oxide signaling and inflammatory responses.

Abstract:

:Nitric oxide (.NO) is a freely diffusible inter- and intracellular messenger produced by a variety of mammalian cells including vascular endothelium, neurons, smooth muscle cells, macrophages, neutrophils, platelets, and pulmonary epithelium. In smooth muscle cells, platelets, and neutrophils, .NO raises intracellular cyclic guanasine 5'-monophosphate levels by reacting with the catalytic heme domain of guanylate cylase, to activate it, thus leading to vasorelaxation, inhibition of platelet aggregation and inhibition of platelet and inflammatory cell adhesion to endothelium. The physiologic actions of .NO are highly dependent on changes in steady-state concentrations of reactive species and tissue-oxidant defense mechanisms. Vessel wall oxidases and oxygenases, in particular, are critical sources of oxygen radical production and can lead to an overall impairment of vascular .NO signaling, via the metalloprotein and free radical-mediated consumption of this vasoactive molecule. Vascular oxidase and oxygenase activities can thus account for the functional inactivation of .NO, leading to a prooxidative milieu and chronic inflammation.

journal_name

Immunol Res

journal_title

Immunologic research

authors

Aslan M,Freeman BA

doi

10.1385/IR:26:1-3:107

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2002-01-01 00:00:00

pages

107-18

issue

1-3

eissn

0257-277X

issn

1559-0755

pii

IR:26:1-3:107

journal_volume

26

pub_type

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