Abstract:
:Population coding is widely regarded as an important mechanism for achieving reliable behavioral responses despite neuronal variability. However, standard reinforcement learning slows down with increasing population size, as the global reward signal becomes less and less related to the performance of any single neuron. We found that learning speeds up with increasing population size if, in addition to global reward, feedback about the population response modulates synaptic plasticity.
journal_name
Nat Neuroscijournal_title
Nature neuroscienceauthors
Urbanczik R,Senn Wdoi
10.1038/nn.2264subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-03-01 00:00:00pages
250-2issue
3eissn
1097-6256issn
1546-1726pii
nn.2264journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in the immune response to cancer, but the mechanisms by which the tumor microenvironment controls TAMs and T cell immunity are not completely understood. Here we report that kynurenine produced by glioblastoma cells activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41593-019-0370-y
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease whose causes are still poorly understood. To identify additional genetic risk factors, we assessed the role of de novo mutations in ALS by sequencing the exomes of 47 ALS patients and both of their unaffected parents (n = 141 exomes). We fo...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3412
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A fundamental organizing principle of auditory brain circuits is tonotopy, the orderly representation of the sound frequency to which neurons are most sensitive. Tonotopy arises from the coding of frequency along the cochlea and the topographic organization of auditory pathways. The mechanisms that underlie the establ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nn.2332
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), negative regulators of neural determination in the early embryo, were found to be potent inhibitors of neurogenesis in olfactory epithelium (OE) cultures. BMPs 2, 4 or 7 decreased the number of proliferating progenitor cells and blocked production of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/7251
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selective attention filters information to limit what is encoded and maintained in working memory. Although the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is central to both selective attention and working memory, the underlying neural processes that link these cognitive abilities remain elusive. Using functional magnetic resonance imag...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2773
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individual behavioral performance during learning is known to be affected by modulatory factors, such as stress and motivation, and by genetic predispositions that influence sensitivity to these factors. Despite numerous studies, no integrative framework is available that could predict how a given animal would perform...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2374
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hippocampus is thought to be involved in episodic memory formation by reactivating traces of waking experience during sleep. Indeed, the joint firing of spatially tuned pyramidal cells encoding nearby places recur during sleep. We found that the sleep cofiring of rat CA1 pyramidal cells encoding similar places inc...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn2037
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leptin regulates energy balance. However, knowledge of the critical intracellular transducers of leptin signaling remains incomplete. We found that Rho-kinase 1 (ROCK1) regulates leptin action on body weight homeostasis by activating JAK2, an initial trigger of leptin receptor signaling. Leptin promoted the physical i...
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更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to an enriched environment increases neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult rodents. Environmental enrichment, however, typically consists of many components, such as expanded learning opportunities, increased social interaction, more physical activity and larger housing. We attempted to separate componen...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/6368
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyamines are endogenous molecules involved in cell damage following neurological insults, although it is unclear whether polyamines reduce or exacerbate this damage. We used a developmental seizure model in which we exposed Xenopus laevis tadpoles to pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), a known convulsant. We found that, after...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2777
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In mammals, many daily cycles are driven by a central circadian clock, which is based on the cell-autonomous rhythmic expression of clock genes. It is not clear, however, how peripheral cells are able to interpret the rhythmic signals disseminated from this central oscillator. Here we show that cycling expression of t...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn806
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in MECP2 cause the neurodevelopmental disorder Rett syndrome (RTT). The RTT missense MECP2R306C mutation prevents MeCP2 from interacting with the NCoR/histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) complex; however, the neuronal function of HDAC3 is incompletely understood. We found that neuronal deletion of Hdac3 in mice el...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.4347
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the version of this article initially published online, the accession code was given as GSE1000333. The correct code is GSE100033. The error has been corrected in the print, HTML and PDF versions of the article. ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0114-4
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism by which adult neural stem cells (NSCs) are established during development is unclear. In this study, analysis of cell cycle progression by examining retention of a histone 2B (H2B)-GFP fusion protein revealed that, in a subset of mouse embryonic neural progenitor cells (NPCs), the cell cycle slows betwe...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3989
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agonists of GABA(B) receptors exert a bi-directional effect on the activity of dopamine (DA) neurons of the ventral tegmental area, which can be explained by the fact that coupling between GABA(B) receptors and G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels is significantly weaker in DA neurons than in ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn2006
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycine receptors (GlyRs), together with GABA(A) and nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors, form part of the ligand-activated ion channel superfamily and regulate the excitability of the mammalian brain stem and spinal cord. Here we report that the ability of the neurotransmitter glycine to gate recombinant and nati...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1095
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perturbations of astrocytes trigger neurodegeneration in several diseases, but the glial cell-intrinsic mechanisms that induce neurodegeneration remain poorly understood. We found that a protein complex of α2-Na/K ATPase and α-adducin was enriched in astrocytes expressing mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), which ca...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3853
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The retina of warm-blooded vertebrates is believed to be incapable of neural regeneration. Here we provide evidence that the retina of postnatal chickens has the potential to generate new neurons. In response to acute damage, numerous Müller glia re-entered the cell cycle, and shortly thereafter, expressed CASH-1, Pax...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/85090
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Orchestrating appropriate behavioral responses in the face of competing signals that predict either rewards or threats in the environment is crucial for survival. The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) and prelimbic (PL) medial prefrontal cortex have been implicated in reward-seeking and fear-related responses,...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.4553
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognition can be conceptualized as a set of algorithmic control functions whose real-time deployment determines how an organism stores and uses information to guide thought and action. A subset of these functions is required for goal-directed selection and amplification of sensory signals-broadly referred to as attent...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0020-1
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphoinositide 3 kinase enhancer (PIKE) is a recently identified nuclear GTPase that activates nuclear phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3 kinase). We have identified, cloned and characterized a new form of PIKE, designated PIKE-L, which, unlike the nuclear PIKE-S, localizes to both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. We demo...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1134
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Axonal degeneration is important during development but has not been thought to function in the intact mature nervous system. Here, we provide evidence that degeneration of adult axons occurs in the intact rodent brain through a p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR)- and myelin-dependent mechanism. Specifically, we show ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2513
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensory systems create neural representations of environmental stimuli and these representations can be associated with other stimuli through learning. Are spike patterns the neural representations that get directly associated with reinforcement during conditioning? In the moth Manduca sexta, we found that odor presen...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
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更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the regulation of T-type channels by Rho-associated kinase (ROCK). Activation of ROCK via the endogenous ligand lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) reversibly inhibited the peak current amplitudes of rat Ca(v)3.1 and Ca(v)3.3 channels without affecting the voltage dependence of activation or inactivation, wher...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1921
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to attribute mental states to others, and therefore to predict others' behavior, is particularly advanced in humans. A controversial but untested idea is that this is achieved by simulating the other person's mental processes in one's own mind. If this is the case, then the same neural systems activated by...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1168
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::High and low spatial frequency information in visual images is processed by distinct neural channels. Using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in humans, we show dissociable roles of such visual channels for processing faces and emotional fearful expressions. Neural responses in fusiform cortex...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1057
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons in the rat primary auditory cortex (A1) generally cannot respond to tone sequences faster than 12 pulses per second (pps). To test whether experience can modify this maximum following rate in adult rats, trains of brief tones with random carrier frequency but fixed repetition rate were paired with electrical s...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/3729
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most advances in addiction treatment to date have addressed the physical dependence and withdrawal that accompany addiction to some drugs of abuse. In contrast, it has proven more difficult to develop medications that effectively treat drug craving and relapse, the core features of addictive disorders. Current efforts...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many attempts to obtain reliable self-administration behavior by laboratory animals with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive ingredient in marijuana, have been unsuccessful. Because self-administration behavior has been demonstrated in laboratory animals for almost all other psychoactive drugs abused ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/80577
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blockade of retinal waves prevents the segregation of retinogeniculate afferents into eye-specific layers in the visual thalamus. However, the key features of retinal waves that drive this refinement are controversial. Some manipulations of retinal waves lead to normal eye-specific segregation but others do not. By co...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
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更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00