Abstract：
:Structural plasticity of excitatory synapses is a vital component of neuronal development, synaptic plasticity and behavior, and its malfunction underlies many neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. However, the molecular mechanisms that control dendritic spine morphogenesis have only recently emerged. We summarize recent work that has revealed an important connection between calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases (CaMKs) and guanine-nucleotide-exchange factors (GEFs) that activate the small GTPase Rac (RacGEFs) in controlling dendritic spine morphogenesis. These two groups of molecules function in neurons as a unique signaling cassette that transduces calcium influx into small GTPase activity and, thence, actin reorganization and spine morphogenesis. Through this pathway, CaMKs and RacGEFs amplify calcium signals and translate them into spatially and temporally regulated structural remodeling of dendritic spines.
journal_name
Trends Cell Bioljournal_title
Trends in cell biologyauthors
Penzes P,Cahill ME,Jones KA,Srivastava DPdoi
10.1016/j.tcb.2008.07.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-09-01 00:00:00pages
405-13issue
9eissn
0962-8924issn
1879-3088pii
S0962-8924(08)00188-8journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Most published work on post-translational histone modifications focuses on small covalent alterations such as acetylation, methylation and phosphorylation. By contrast, fewer data are available on the modification of histones by ADP-ribose. Discussion of the biological significance of histone ADP-ribosylation has ofte...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2011.06.001
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It was once believed that common mechanisms underpin the transfer of proteins across the membrane systems of organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes. Now that many of the core components of the translocases have been indentified, results discussed at a recent conference [Max-Delbrück-Centrum Symp...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(01)02083-9
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Xenophagy, the process of eliminating intracellular pathogens through the autophagy machinery, is an important defense mechanism against infectious disease, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Recent work (Xu et al., Cell, 2019) used the discovery of an inhibitor of xenophagy, SopF,...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2019.08.001
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Germ cells in many vertebrate and invertebrate species initiate gametogenesis by forming groups of interconnected cells known as germline cysts. Recent studies using Xenopus, mouse and Drosophila are beginning to uncover the cellular and molecular mechanisms that control germline cyst formation and, in conjunction wit...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(99)01594-9
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fluorescent proteins have revolutionized biomedical research as they are easy to use for protein tagging, cope without fixation or permeabilization, and thus, enable live cell imaging in various models. Current methods allow easy and quick integration of fluorescent markers to endogenous genes of interest. In this rev...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2019.08.004
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transport of protein through the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells relies on small vesicular carriers, which mediate the movement of cargo between different compartments. Here, Meir Aridor and Bill Balch summarize what is currently known about the role of the cytosolic coat complexes in directing the formation...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0962-8924(96)10027-1
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Circulating tumor cell (CTC) clusters have an enhanced capacity to initiate metastases, compared with single cells, but it is unclear how they gain such advantage. A recent study by Gkountela etal. (Cell 2019;176:98-112) links the physical state of clusters with increased accessibility of stem cell-related transcripti...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2019.02.001
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Precise regulation of lipid biosynthesis, transport, and storage is key to the homeostasis of cells and organisms. Cells rely on a sophisticated but poorly understood network of vesicular and nonvesicular transport mechanisms to ensure efficient delivery of lipids to target organelles. The lysosome stands at the cross...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2017.07.006
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most cells polarize in response to an asymmetric signal but some can spontaneously establish a discrete axis of polarity in the absence of a directional cue. Many mathematical models predict that locally acting positive feedback loops and globally acting negative regulators are required for pattern formation. Here, we...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2003.08.006
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An important aspect of cell behaviour is that DNA replication happens only once per cell cycle. Replicated DNA is unable to re-replicate until cell division has occurred. Unreplicated DNA is in a replication-competent or 'licensed' state. The ability to replicate is lost in S phase and regained following passage throu...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0962-8924(96)10015-5
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intercellular communication refers to the different ways through which cells communicate with each other and transfer a variety of messages. These communication methods involve a number of different processes that occur individually or simultaneously, which change depending on the physiological or pathological context...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2020.05.003
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sustained pro-proliferative signaling is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Although it is generally understood that the oncogenic signaling pathways are overactivated, or at least abnormally activated, in cancer cells, important mechanistic details of such abnormal activation remain unresolved. Among these details are s...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2019.08.005
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent findings provide evidence for dynamic and highly regulated dual subcellular localization of catalase, a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-metabolizing enzyme, in peroxisomes and the cytosol. These data suggest a number of important implications for the field of oxidative stress biology. ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2020.12.006
更新日期：2021-01-06 00:00:00
abstract：:During mRNA translation, the genetic information stored in mRNA is translated into a protein sequence. It is imperative that the genetic information is translated with high precision. Surprisingly, however, recent experimental evidence has demonstrated that translation can be highly heterogeneous, even among different...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2020.04.008
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bidirectional microtubule-dependent organelle transport in melanophores is regulated by cAMP through organelle-bound protein kinase A (PKA); however, the mechanisms responsible for this regulation are unknown. A recent study by Gelfand and colleagues demonstrates that, in addition to PKA, transport is regulated by the...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2005.06.002
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Luke and colleagues have recently attributed a new role to a member of the serpin superfamily of serine proteinase inhibitors. They have used Caenorhabditis elegans to show that an intracellular serpin is crucial for maintaining lysosomal integrity. We examine the role of this firewall in preventing necrosis and attem...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2007.11.006
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During clathrin-mediated endocytosis, dynamin promotes the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles, but its mode of action is unresolved. In a recent study, Macia and colleagues made use of dynasore, a dynamin-specific inhibitor, to show that dynamin plays a dual role in endocytosis: they confirmed that dynamin is invol...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2006.10.004
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellular membranes differ in their molecular organisation, shape, and dynamics. Knowing how these properties of membrane architecture relate to the presence and function of specific membrane components is fundamental for understanding membrane-associated cellular processes. Correlative light and electron microscopy (C...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2020.04.003
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are major threats to the genomic integrity of cells. If not taken care of properly, they can cause chromosome fragmentation, loss and translocation, possibly resulting in carcinogenesis. Upon DSB formation, cell-cycle checkpoints are triggered and multiple DSB repair pathways can be act...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(98)01383-x
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The molecular mechanisms underlying targeted deposition of new membrane at the advancing furrow of a dividing cell have long been intriguing to cell biologists. Three recent studies have made use of Drosophila cellularization to explore current questions in this field. These findings indicate that both the secretory p...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2004.01.006
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Accurate chromosome segregation depends on the proper attachment of sister kinetochores to microtubules emanating from opposite spindle poles. Merotelic kinetochore orientation is an error in which a single kinetochore is attached to microtubules emanating from both spindle poles. Despite correction mechanisms, merote...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2011.01.003
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Across the animal kingdom, color discrimination is achieved by comparing the outputs of photoreceptor cells (PRs) that have different spectral sensitivities. Much remains to be understood about how the pattern of these different PRs is generated and maintained. The Drosophila eye has long provided a beautiful system f...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2004.09.007
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is widely believed that calorie restriction (CR) can extend the lifespan of model organisms and protect against aging-related diseases. A potential CR mimetic is resveratrol, which may have beneficial effects against numerous diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer in tissue culture an...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2012.07.004
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Members of the Aurora/Ipl1p family of mitotically regulated serine/threonine kinases are emerging as key regulators of chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. Proper chromosome segregation and cytokinesis ensure that each daughter cell receives the full complement of genetic material. Defects in these processes can le...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(99)01658-x
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a crucial regulator of cell function, and it is now well established that signaling by integrins mediates many of these effects. Ten years of research has seen integrin signaling advance on many fronts towards a molecular understanding of the control mechanisms. Most strik...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(01)02152-3
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many organisms stringently regulate the number, volume and enzymatic content of peroxisomes (and other organelles). Understanding this regulation requires knowledge of how organelles are assembled and selectively destroyed in response to metabolic cues. In the past decade, considerable progress has been achieved in th...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2004.07.014
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies on the endocytic itinerary of glycosphingolipids (GSLs) in sphingolipid storage disease (SLSD) fibroblasts have yielded new insights into the mechanisms underlying the endocytosis and intracellular sorting of lipids in normal and disease cells. Here we highlight new data on clathrin-independent endocyto...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(02)02399-1
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The light-sensitive outer segment organelle of the vertebrate photoreceptor cell is a modified cilium filled with hundreds of flattened 'disc' membranes that provide vast light-absorbing surfaces. The outer segment is constantly renewed with new discs added at its base every day. This continuous process is essential f...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2020.08.005
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lysosomes are acidic and degradative organelles that receive and digest a plethora of molecular and particulate cargo delivered by endocytosis, autophagy, and phagocytosis. The mechanisms responsible for sorting, transporting, and ultimately delivering membranes and cargo to lysosomes through fusion have been intensel...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2019.05.003
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The synthesis, assembly and organisation of structural and motor proteins during muscle formation requires temporal and spatial control directed by specialized chaperones. For example, alphaB-crystallin, GimC and TRiC facilitate the assembly of sarcomeric proteins such as desmin and actin. Recent studies have demonstr...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2008.03.007
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
