Abstract：
:Meningococcal infection remains a worldwide health problem, and understanding the mechanisms by which Neisseria meningitidis evades host innate and acquired immunity is crucial. The complement system is vital for protecting individuals against N. meningitidis. However, this pathogen has evolved several mechanisms to avoid killing by human complement. Bacterial structures such as polysaccharide capsule and those which mimic or bind host molecules function to prevent complement-mediated lysis and phagocytosis. This review provides an update on the recent findings on the diverse mechanisms by which N. meningitidis avoids complement-mediated killing, and how polymorphisms in genes encoding human complement proteins affect susceptibility to this important human pathogen.
journal_name
Trends Microbioljournal_title
Trends in microbiologyauthors
Schneider MC,Exley RM,Ram S,Sim RB,Tang CMdoi
10.1016/j.tim.2007.03.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-05-01 00:00:00pages
233-40issue
5eissn
0966-842Xissn
1878-4380pii
S0966-842X(07)00048-0journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The identification and quantification of the proteins that a whole organism expresses under certain conditions is a main focus of high-throughput proteomics. Advanced proteomics approaches generate new biologically relevant data and potent hypotheses. A practical report of what proteome studies can and cannot accompli...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2006.03.005
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite being a curable disease, tuberculosis (TB) killed more people in 2009 than during any previous year in history. Progress in TB research has been slow, and remains burdened by important gaps in our knowledge of the basic biology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB, and its interaction with ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2011.07.002
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several features of HIV have frustrated efforts to develop a vaccine able to induce broadly neutralising antibodies. The enormous genetic diversity of HIV is a major factor, accompanied by the camouflaged nature of the envelope spike, upon which HIV depends for cellular entry and to which antibodies must bind to neutr...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2008.08.008
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multidrug resistance in tumor cells is often caused by the increased efflux of a wide variety of drugs, mediated by P glycoprotein, a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. The genes encoding members of this superfamily have also been isolated from drug-resistant microorganisms, and the ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0966-842x(94)90620-3
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of β-lactam antibiotics to treat infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus has been severely compromised by the acquisition by horizontal gene transfer of a gene that encodes the β-lactam-insensitive penicillin-binding protein PBP2a. This allows methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) to proliferate in the pre...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2018.06.005
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recognizing the respiratory tract as a dynamic and complex ecosystem has enhanced our understanding of the pathophysiology of bovine respiratory disease (BRD). There is widespread evidence showing that disease-predisposing factors often disrupt the respiratory microbial ecosystem, provoking atypical colonization patte...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2019.04.005
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Permafrost covers a quarter of the northern hemisphere land surface and contains twice the amount of carbon that is currently present in the atmosphere. Future climate change is expected to reduce its near-surface cover by over 90% by the end of the 21st century, leading to thermokarst lake formation. Thermokarst lake...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2020.04.002
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial motility relies chiefly on the rotation of a molecular propeller, the flagellar filament, which is constructed from the protein flagellin. Here, flagellin sequence conservation and diversity is examined in the light of the recently determined flagellar filament structure. As expected, the surface-exposed dom...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2006.02.008
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Progress in understanding the evolution of infectious diseases has inspired proposals to manage the evolution of pathogen (including parasite) virulence. A common view is that social interventions that lower pathogen transmission will indirectly select lower virulence because of a trade-off between transmission and vi...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(02)00003-3
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interbacterial communication can be mediated by soluble secreted factors and direct cell-cell contact. Recently, Aoki et al. identified a new contact-dependent communication pathway by which strains of uropathogenic Escherichia coli can inhibit the growth of other microbes within a mixed population. Two novel gene pro...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2005.12.003
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evolutionarily related multisubunit RNA polymerases (RNAPs) facilitate gene transcription throughout the three domains of life. During the past seven years an increasing number of bacterial and eukaryotic RNAP structures have been solved; however, the archaeal enzyme remained elusive. Two reports from the Murakami and...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2008.03.008
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Passive immunization studies, including a recent one by Pegu et al., have repeatedly shown that HIV-specific broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) protect rhesus macaques from HIV acquisition. In vitro neutralization potency and in vivo protection correlate very strongly, supporting the quest for an HIV vaccine that...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2014.08.006
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although it is commonly assumed that Darwin had nothing to say about microbes, he did in fact say quite a lot. He included microbes in his Beagle studies of the geographical distribution of organisms and used microscopic organisms as explicit exemplars of how adaptation did not imply increasing complexity. Darwin ofte...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2009.05.009
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Modern medicine is facing the spread of biofilm-related infections. Bacterial biofilms are difficult to detect in routine diagnostics and are inherently tolerant to host defenses and antibiotic therapies. In addition, biofilms facilitate the spread of antibiotic resistance by promoting horizontal gene transfer. We rev...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2004.11.010
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For more than 70 years electron microscopy (EM) techniques have played an important role in investigating structures of enveloped viruses. By contrast, use of fluorescence microscopy (FM) methods for this purpose was limited by the fact that the size of virus particles is generally around or below the diffraction limi...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2013.06.010
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Enveloped viruses encode membrane-associated glycoproteins that direct the initial stages of virus infection. These usually oligomeric structures bind virions to cell surface receptors and, subsequently, direct fusion of viral membranes with cellular membranes. These structures are also the primary targets of neutrali...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(01)01959-x
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The forms of African trypanosomes that live in tsetse fly vectors are coated with lipid-anchored proteins and glycoproteins known collectively as procyclins. Procyclins are expressed during development in the fly in a multiplicity of isoforms yet their functions remain unknown. Recent studies involving a multidiscipli...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 新闻
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(01)02073-x
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evolution, climate change, and vaccination: in these cases and more, scientists, policymakers, and educators are confronted by organized campaigns to spread doubt, denial, and rejection of the scientific community's consensus on central scientific principles. To overcome these threats, scientists not only need to spre...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2012.10.002
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rolling circle DNA replication is inherently continuous and unregulated. This 'go-for-broke' strategy works well for lytic phages but is suicidal for plasmids that must coexist with their host. Plasmids have consequently evolved elaborate copy number control systems that operate at the transcriptional, translational a...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0966-842X(97)01143-8
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of quality control mechanisms to stall developmental pathways or completely remove defective cells from a population is a widespread strategy to ensure the integrity of morphogenetic programs. Endospore formation (sporulation) is a well conserved microbial developmental strategy in the Firmicutes phylum wherei...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2017.03.005
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacteria use type IV secretion systems (T4SS) to translocate macromolecular substrates destined for bacterial, plant or human target cells. The T4SS are medically important, contributing to virulence-gene spread, genome plasticity and the alteration of host cellular processes during infection. The T4SS are ancestrally...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2003.09.004
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microbes have chemotactic signaling systems that enable them to detect and follow chemical gradients in their environments. The core of these sensory systems consists of chemoreceptor proteins coupled to the CheA kinase via the scaffold or coupler protein CheW. Some bacterial chemotaxis systems replace or augment CheW...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2010.07.004
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although biologists have long recognized the importance of studying evolution to understand the organization of living organisms, only with the development of genomics have evolutionary studies become part of their routine toolkit. Placing genomes into an evolutionary framework has proved useful for understanding the ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2007.01.007
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In nongrowing microbes, proteome turnover is reduced and identification of newly synthesized, low-abundance proteins is challenging. Babin and colleagues recently utilized bio-orthogonal noncanonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) to identify actively synthesized proteins in nongrowing Pseudomonas aeruginosa, discovering...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2016.02.014
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA damage that blocks the transcription of genes is prioritized for repair by transcription-coupled DNA repair pathways. RNA polymerases stalled at DNA lesions obstruct repair enzymes, but this situation is turned to the advantage of the cell by transcription-repair coupling factors that remove the stalled RNA polyme...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2007.05.005
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although APOBEC3 degradation is the canonical function of HIV-1 Vif, this viral protein also induces potent cell cycle arrest through a newly defined mechanism. Here, we review recent advances in this area and propose that the scope of this activity may go beyond subversion of the host cell cycle. ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2021.01.001
更新日期：2021-01-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Hospitals worldwide are facing an increasing incidence of hard-to-treat infections. Limiting infections and providing patients with optimal drug regimens require timely strain identification as well as virulence and drug-resistance profiling. Additionally, prophylactic interventions based on the identification of envi...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2018.08.004
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recognition of bacterial asymmetry is not new: the first high-resolution microscopy studies revealed that bacteria come in a multitude of shapes and sometimes carry asymmetrically localized external structures such as flagella on the cell surface. Even so, the idea that bacteria could have an inherent overall pola...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2007.01.004
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-based immune systems are essentially modular with three primary functions: the excision and integration of new spacers, the processing of CRISPR transcripts to yield mature CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs), and the targeting and cleavage of foreign nucleic acid. T...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2011.08.002
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent availability of extensive metagenomic sequences from various environmental microbial communities has extended the postgenomic era to the field of environmental microbiology. Although still restricted to a small number of studies, metaproteomic investigations have revealed interesting aspects of functional g...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2005.12.006
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
