Abstract:
:The use of a placebo run-in phase, in which placebo responders are withdrawn from a study before random assignment to treatment condition, has been criticized as favoring the active treatment in clinical trials. We compared the effect size of randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials (in the treatment of depression with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [SSRIs]) that include a placebo run-in phase with those that do not, using a meta-analytic approach. This study differed from earlier meta-analytic studies in that it considered only SSRIs and included only studies using continuous measures of depression, allowing for a more refined assessment of effect size. An extensive literature search identified 43 datasets published between 1980 and 2000 comparing placebo with SSRI and using a continuous measure of depression (usually the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale). We included only studies of at least 6 weeks' duration focusing on treatment for primary acute major depression in adults 18-65 years of age. Studies focusing on depression in specific medical illnesses were not included. Analysis of efficacy was based on 3047 subjects treated with an SSRI antidepressant and 3740 subjects treated with a placebo. There was no statistically significant difference in effect size between the clinical trials that had a placebo run-in phase followed by withdrawal of placebo responders and those trials that did not. Despite the lack of a statistically significant difference between studies of withdrawing early placebo responders and those not using this procedure, this approach is likely to continue to be used widely because it produces large absolute effect sizes. It is recommended that future studies clearly describe these procedures and report the number of subjects dropped from the study for early placebo response and other reasons.
journal_name
Depress Anxietyjournal_title
Depression and anxietyauthors
Lee S,Walker JR,Jakul L,Sexton Kdoi
10.1002/da.10134subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-01-01 00:00:00pages
10-9issue
1eissn
1091-4269issn
1520-6394journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析abstract:BACKGROUND:Brain structures underlying posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been a focus of imaging studies, but associations between treatment outcome and alterations in brain structures remain largely unexamined. We longitudinally examined the relation of structural changes in the rostral anterior cingulate cort...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.22471
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Age at onset is an important dimension in the classification of mood disorders. Recent findings on early-onset (EO) versus late-onset (LO) unipolar chronic depressions support this subtyping. The aim of the present study was to determine clinical differences between EO and LO bipolar II chronic depression and to suppo...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1520-6394(2001)13:1<45::aid-da7>3.0.co;2-4
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder; nonetheless, most of the previous neuropsychological studies for assessing the involvement of memory dysfunction grouped together patients with different symptoms, thereby potentially accounting for the inconsistencies of results. The goals of...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.20377
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The increased risk of physical health problems in adult depressed patients has been shown in numerous studies. A recent study of the offspring of depressed parents found similar associations. The purpose of this study is to examine the strength and specificity of the association between depression and physical health ...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The American Psychiatric Association and the World Health Organization have begun to revise their classifications of mental disorders. Four issues related to these revisions are discussed in this study: the structure of the classifications, the relationship between categories and dimensions, the sensitivity of categor...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.20489
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the 3-year outcome of major depression (MD)/dysthymic disorder (DD), minor depression (MinD), and subsyndromal symptomatic depression (SSD) in a population-based sample. The aims were to study the fluctuating nature of the symptoms of depression and to analyze the risk of fulfilling the criteria fo...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.20231
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are recognized as effective as and better tolerated than older antidepressant therapies and have become the drugs of choice in the treatment of mild to moderate depression. However, there is a clinical impression that the SSRIs are less effective than older therapies...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1520-6394(1996)4:4<182::AID-DA4>3.0.
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined sex differences in the use of coping strategies and their relationship to depression and anxiety-related psychopathology. Responses on measures of coping strategies, depression, and anxiety were obtained from a carefully screened nonclinical sample (N = 107). The results demonstrated that women who...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.20341
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Placebo-controlled trials have evaluated the efficacy of several medications in the treatment of social anxiety disorder but information regarding their relative efficacy is lacking. We compared the efficacy of medications systematically studied for the treatment of social anxiety disorder using meta-analytic techniqu...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1002/da.10096
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Social support is proposed to attenuate behavioral consequences of exposure to uncontrollable stressors. To test this possibility, we compared the effects of two post-stress housing conditions, in pairs or in groups of 10-12 animals per cage, on the behavior of rats tested in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) 24 hr after s...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.10124
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assessed striatal dopamine 1 (D1) receptor binding in patients with major depressive disorder and anger attacks (MDD+A) and healthy volunteers. We used positron emission tomography with [(11)C]SCH 23,390 to compare 10 patients with MDD+A to 10 healthy volunteers. [(11)C]SCH 23,390 binding in bilateral stria...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.20168
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Accumulating evidence suggests that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with disrupted default mode network (DMN) connectivity, but findings across studies have not been uniform. Individual differences in relevant genes may account for some of the reported variability in the relationship betwe...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.22633
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is abundant evidence for abnormalities of the norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5HT) neurotransmitter systems in depression and anxiety disorders. The majority of evidence supports underactivation of serotonergic function and complex dysregulation of noradrenergic function, most consistent with overactivation o...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/1520-6394(2000)12:1+<2::AID-DA2>3.0.CO;2-4
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progestational hormones may have anxiolytic properties. CCK-4 (cholecystokinin tetrapeptide) can be used pharmacologically to induce panic attacks both in normal controls and patients suffering from panic disorder. In this study we compared the effects of pretreatment with the progestational hormone megestrol and plac...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/da.20147
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To explore the anxiolytic effects of a 4-month randomized, placebo-controlled trial of exercise and antidepressant medication in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), and to examine the potential modifying effects of anxiety in treating depressive symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this secondary a...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.23088
更新日期:2020-08-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) is the frontline treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), at least one-third of patients are treatment nonresponders. This study aimed to identify neural markers of treatment response, specifically the prediction of remission of specifi...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.23061
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective was to present naturalistic 1-year follow-up information of 96 child and adolescent outpatients with major depressive disorder who had been randomized in an 8-week double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine. Subjects were children and adolescents, ages 8-18 years, who were entered in a randomiz...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6394(1998)7:1<32::aid-da4>3.0.c
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Axis I comorbidity complicates diagnosing axis II personality disorders (PDs). PDs might influence Axis I outcome. No research has examined psychotherapy effects on PDs of treating Axis I comorbidity. Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial examined PD diagnostic stability after brief psychothera...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/da.22436
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous studies have examined the acute antidepressant effects of prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). However, there is little information on whether TMS can be used as a maintenance treatment to maintain normal mood once subjects have responded. We describe seven adults with bipolar depression who re...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.20027
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The significance of the timing and chronicity of childhood adversity for depression outcomes later in life is unclear. Identifying trajectories of adversity throughout childhood would allow classification of children according to the accumulation, timing, and persistence of adversity, and may provide unique ...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.22887
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent studies suggest that mindfulness may be an effective component for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment. Mindfulness involves practice in volitional shifting of attention from "mind wandering" to present-moment attention to sensations, and cultivating acceptance. We examined potential neural...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.22481
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study explores the psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the Mood Spectrum Self-Report (MOODS-SR), an instrument designed to assess a broad range of manifestations of mood psychopathology. A total of 71 Spanish subjects participated: 49 outpatients who met criteria for a mood disorder or generalize...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.20169
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Smoking in patients with bipolar disorder is known to be related to suicidality. This link has not been investigated, however, in community-based samples. The aim of this study is to delineate the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of bipolar smokers and examine the relationship between these char...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.22107
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine (1) clinically relevant anxiety with comorbid depression in an older population, and the presentation of subthreshold symptoms; (2) to assess anxiety and levels of comorbid depression associated with migration, religion, loneliness and long-term illness. METHODS:Analysis of Wave 1 of The Irish Lon...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.22893
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this study was to discriminate subtypes of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) among youth with and without a comorbid tic disorder. Seventy-four youth (M(age)=9.7+/-2.3 years) with a principal diagnosis of OCD, with (n=46) or without (n=28) a comorbid tic disorder, were assessed with a semi-stru...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.20304
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serotonergic (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) mechanisms have been implicated in a number of physiological and pathophysiological processes including mood, anxiety, and cognitive functioning. Among the many 5-HT receptor subtypes, the 5-HT2A receptors (5-HT2A-R) seem to be of particular importance in mediating these effect...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.20087
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depressive symptoms, due either major depression or clinically significant, subsyndromal depression, occur commonly in the course of Alzheimer's disease. For a variety of clinical and methodological reasons, this remains an area that begs for new investigation. At the very least, these depressive symptoms should be vi...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed psychophysiological responses to imagery of traumatic events, panic attacks, and loss of vigilance (i.e., being hypnotized) in participants diagnosed with panic disorder. Participants were either currently experiencing nocturnal panic or daytime panics only. It was hypothesized that nocturnal panickers wou...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.10091
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Women are at an increased risk of depression and other mental health problems following rape. Various etiological factors for depression, including predisposing genetic factors, have been identified. Telomeres are repetitive nucleoprotein structures located at chromosomal ends that protect them from prematur...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/da.20903
更新日期:2011-12-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the effectiveness of evidence-based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), some symptoms, such as sleep disturbance, can be difficult to treat regardless of treatment type. METHODS:We examined residual PTSD symptoms in 235 female veterans and soldiers who were randomized to receive 10 ...
journal_title:Depression and anxiety
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/da.22871
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00