Abstract：
:Nerve-evoked muscle depolarisation plays an important role in the downregulation of extrasynaptic AChRs which accompanies the increase in synaptic AChR expression at the neuromuscular junction during embryonic development. However, additional mechanisms may be involved in the AChR downregulation. This study provides evidence for a neurotrophic factor present in adult and embryonic chick neural extracts which downregulates fetal-type AChR density independently of depolarisation. Treatment of skeletal muscle cell lines with crude neural extracts decreased AChR density up to 50%, as measured by changes in 125I-alpha-bungarotoxin binding levels. Decreases in membrane-bound AChR density were accompanied by a decrease in the size of the intracellular AChR pool; RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that extract treatment also induced a decrease in gamma-subunit mRNA expression. These studies demonstrate that crude neural extracts contain a factor which may account for the activity-independent regulatory mechanism previously proposed to operate in concert with activity-dependent mechanisms to downregulate fetal-type AChR expression.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Montgomery JM,Fleming JS,Mills RGdoi
10.1016/s0006-8993(98)01313-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-02-13 00:00:00pages
346-54issue
2eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
S0006-8993(98)01313-4journal_volume
818pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:Male Fischer-344 rats were injected i.p. with diethyldithiocarbamate or dithizone 15 min after kainic acid (KA), s.c. Diethyldithiocarbamate and dithizone reduced both the number of wet dog shakes and the latency to onset of seizures induced by KA. Moreover, they increased the severity of seizures. These compounds may...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(90)91273-j
更新日期：1990-01-08 00:00:00
abstract：:The study investigated the effect of aminoguanidine (AG) on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), aquaporin-4 (AQP4), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels in surgical brain injury (SBI) in rats. AG (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered immediately following surgical resection. Using an SBI mod...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2009.05.041
更新日期：2009-07-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Estrogens exert a wide variety of actions on reproductive and non-reproductive functions. These effects are mediated by slow and long lasting genomic as well as rapid and transient non-genomic mechanisms. Besides the host of studies demonstrating the role of genomic actions at the physiological and behavioral level, m...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.098
更新日期：2006-12-18 00:00:00
abstract：:cGMP was proposed to be the agent which directly opens the light-sensitive channel in Limulus ventral photoreceptors. However, the light-sensitive rhabdomeral-lobe (R-lobe) is not uniformly responsive to cGMP injection; that is, there are 'hot spots' of sensitivity. A potent phosphodiesterase which rapidly hydrolyses ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(91)90094-c
更新日期：1991-06-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy CADASIL is caused by more than a hundred NOTCH3 mutations. Virtually all encoded mutant proteins contain an odd number of cysteines. As such, structural changes in NOTCH3 may be the primary molecular abnormality in CADASIL. Thus...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2014.08.018
更新日期：2014-10-02 00:00:00
abstract：:A substantial projection from the retina to the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) has been demonstrated in the Chilean degus, a diurnal/crepuscular hystricomorph rodent. Following intraocular injection of cholera toxin subunit B (CTB), immunocytochemically labeled CTB-positive axons and terminals were observed in all major r...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02061-3
更新日期：2001-03-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution of iron in the brain of a vocal learning parrot, the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus), was examined using iron histochemistry. In mammals, iron is a highly specific stain for the dorsal and ventral pallidal subdivision as well as specific cell groups in the brainstem, including the substantia nigr...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(01)03110-9
更新日期：2001-12-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharmacological properties of glycine (Gly)-induced Cl- current (ICl) in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) neurons acutely dissociated from C57BL/6J mouse were investigated in the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. Gly-induced ICl increased in a sigmoidal manner with higher Gly concentrations. Stry...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(92)90794-a
更新日期：1992-03-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic pain tends to be intractable, regardless of whether the etiology has improved or is persistent. This intractability may be due, in part, to conditioning factors, but studies of the underlying mechanism are limited. We predicted that the body might learn pain sensation during sustained pain. In the present stud...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2011.06.028
更新日期：2011-08-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Transient global cerebral ischemia (TGCI) occurs during acute severe hypotension depriving the brain of oxygen and glucose for a short period of time. During reperfusion, several mechanisms can induce secondary neuronal damage, including the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hydrogen gas-enriched ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2011.05.068
更新日期：2011-08-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Human subjects were asked to perform sinusoidal tracking movements (0.5--3.0 Hz) with their forearms while external torque disturbances were applied at the elbow. The changes in angular position, velocity, and acceleration produced by these disturbances were found to be represented in the reflex changes in EMG activit...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(80)90946-4
更新日期：1980-07-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain activity was measured autoradiographically using [1-14C]octanoate (OCTO) as a fast functional tracer in rats receiving either saline, heroin or cocaine. Regional optical densities were normalized to a relative optical density index for comparisons of OCTO labeling between treatment groups. Heroin significantly i...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(88)91323-6
更新日期：1988-01-12 00:00:00
abstract：:The expressions of mRNAs encoding G protein alpha subunits were analyzed in the cerebral cortex of amygdaloid kindled rats. A remarkable increase in Gsalpha mRNA were observed on the bilateral cerebral cortex at 24 h after the last generalized seizure and persisted 3 weeks on the unstimulated side. Gi2alpha mRNA level...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(98)01309-2
更新日期：1999-02-13 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was undertaken to confirm the dorsolateral pontomesencephalic reticular formation (an area that includes the nucleus cuneiformis (NCF) and nucleus parabrachialis (NPB)) as a sensitive site for stimulation-produced antinociception and to investigate the possibility that there are cells in this region ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(89)90171-6
更新日期：1989-04-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Nociceptin/orphanin FQ is an endogenous neuropeptide that plays important roles in several physiological functions including pain, anxiety, locomotion, learning, and memory. We previously reported that low doses of nociceptin improved the scopolamine-induced impairment of learning and memory in the passive avoidance t...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2007.12.008
更新日期：2008-02-21 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine if motoneurons in the spinal ventral horn express the muscarinic m2 acetylcholine receptor. Motoneurons were retrogradely labelled in adult rats by intramuscular injection of Fluorogold and examined with confocal microscopy for evidence of immunoreactivity for the receptor. T...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(98)01208-6
更新日期：1999-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Microtubule organization in type I hair cells has been investigated during the synaptogenesis of vestibular receptors in mammals. The different steps in the maturation of the synapse between the hair cell and the nerve chalice were: a slight symmetrical membrane densification; the appearance of synaptic bodies alongsi...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-3806(86)90161-6
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Treatment of rat brain sections and of thalamic and striatal membranes with phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C (PIPLC), an enzyme known to hydrolyse only phosphatidylinositol and its derivatives, significantly alters the specific binding of mu- and delta-opioid ligands on their receptors. These results suggest that ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(90)90391-n
更新日期：1990-12-24 00:00:00
abstract：:In barbiturate-anaesthetized spinal cats, antibody microprobes were used to examine immunoreactive substance P (irSP) release at sites within the spinal cord following cutaneous stimuli. A basal level of irSP release was detected in the region of the substantia gelatinosa of the lumbar spinal cord. No increase in this...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(88)90771-8
更新日期：1988-06-07 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, the effects of early vs. delayed tPA treatment on the development of hemorrhagic transformation was compared in a rat thromboembolic model of stroke. Fibrinolysis was performed by administering tPA intravenously at 2 or 6 h after ischemic onset. Twenty-four hours later, confluent hemorrhagic infarction ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(99)02276-3
更新日期：2000-01-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Two neuropeptides reacting with antibodies directed against the C-terminal region of somatostatin 28(1-12) were purified to homogeneity from rat brain extracts. Amino acid analysis revealed that the larger peptide (8 kdaltons) consisted of 76 amino acids. Microsequencing established its aminoterminal structure as: Ala...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(84)91394-5
更新日期：1984-10-08 00:00:00
abstract：:The present work shows the existence of adenosine-dependent cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) accumulation in the chick optic tectum. When tecta from 18-day-old embryos were incubated with the phosphodiesterase inhibitor IBMX and RO 20-1724, the cyclic AMP level increased from 39.2 to 73.3 and 285.5 pmol/mg protein...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-3806(87)90016-2
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sprague-Dawley dams were treated with 3 v/v % ethanol in liquid diet from the 8th day gestation through 3 weeks nursing period. Offsprings, ages 1, 2 and 3 weeks, and their dams were studied. Brain weights and their total proteins were not affected by this ethanol treatment. Total enolase activity/mg protein and its i...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(92)90963-a
更新日期：1992-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Nesfatin-1, an 82-amino acid peptide encoded by the secreted precursor nucleobinin-2 (NUCB2), exerts potent anorexigenic action independently of leptin signaling. This propensity has propelled this peptide and its analogues as potential anti-obesity drug candidates. However, a more extensive comprehension of its biolo...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2019.01.032
更新日期：2019-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The same cells in both the intact retina and retinal cultures of the rabbit retina take up exogenous serotonin or 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine. Both substances can be localised by immunohistochemistry using a monoclonal antibody directed against serotonin. The 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine can also be revealed directly in both f...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(86)90125-3
更新日期：1986-09-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of the sulfated octapeptide of cholecystokinin (CCK8-S), the non-sulfated homolog (CCK8-NS) as well as the C-terminal di-, tri- and tetrapeptidic fragments (respectively CCK2, CCK3 and CCK4) were studied in vitro in rat hippocampal slices by extracellular recording of the spontaneous action potential disch...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(88)90776-7
更新日期：1988-06-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Substance P (SP) has been proposed as a nociceptive transmitter/modulator in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Formalin used as a nociceptive stimulus has been shown to increase, in a biphasic manner, the amount of immunoreactive SP in the dorsal horn. The time course of the changes in substance P-like immunoreactiv...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(90)90370-q
更新日期：1990-12-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Serotonin transporter (5-HTT) mRNA and 5-HTT sites were measured 3 days after treatment with p-chlorophenylalanine, a tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor. While 5-HTT mRNA levels decreased (P < 0.001) in the dorsal raphe nucleus, 5-HTT binding sites remained unchanged, suggesting that an acute depletion of 5-HT may induc...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(95)00539-3
更新日期：1995-08-07 00:00:00
abstract：:We found a differential postnatal development of mu and delta opiate receptors. Mu receptors labelled with low concentrations of [3H]naloxone appeared to develop earlier than did delta receptors labelled with [3H]D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin (0.5 nM). Competition binding studies also revealed a delayed appearance of delta...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-3806(82)90066-9
更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments were done in chloralose anesthetized, paralyzed and artificially ventilated cats to identify single units in ventrolateral medulla (VLM) projecting directly to the intermediate gray (IG) region of the upper thoracic cord and responding to inputs from pressor sites in the anterior lateral hypothalamus (Hla)...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(85)90908-4
更新日期：1985-11-11 00:00:00
