Abstract：
:We assessed whether the intracellular bacterium Chlamydia pneumoniae was present in post-mortem brain samples from patients with and without late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), since some indirect evidence seems to suggest that infection with the organism might be associated with the disease. Nucleic acids prepared from those samples were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for DNA sequences from the bacterium, and such analyses showed that brain areas with typical AD-related neuropathology were positive for the organism in 17/19 AD patients. Similar analyses of identical brain areas of 18/19 control patients were PCR-negative. Electron- and immunoelectron-microscopic studies of tissues from affected AD brain regions identified chlamydial elementary and reticulate bodies, but similar examinations of non-AD brains were negative for the bacterium. Culture studies of a subset of affected AD brain tissues for C. pneumoniae were strongly positive, while identically performed analyses of non-AD brain tissues were negative. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR assays using RNA from affected areas of AD brains confirmed that transcripts from two important C. pneumoniae genes were present in those samples but not in controls. Immunohistochemical examination of AD brains, but not those of controls, identified C. pneumoniae within pericytes, microglia, and astroglia. Further immunolabelling studies confirmed the organisms' intracellular presence primarily in areas of neuropathology in the AD brain. Thus, C. pneumoniae is present, viable, and transcriptionally active in areas of neuropathology in the AD brain, possibly suggesting that infection with the organism is a risk factor for late-onset AD.
journal_name
Med Microbiol Immunoljournal_title
Medical microbiology and immunologyauthors
Balin BJ,Gérard HC,Arking EJ,Appelt DM,Branigan PJ,Abrams JT,Whittum-Hudson JA,Hudson APdoi
10.1007/s004300050071subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-06-01 00:00:00pages
23-42issue
1eissn
0300-8584issn
1432-1831journal_volume
187pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Spleen T lymphocytes from mice undergoing acute infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCM virus) were negatively selected by treatment with anti-Lyt or anti-L3T4 antibodies and complement. The subsets thus obtained were tested for their potential to lyse LCM virus-infected target cells in vitro and to con...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02124809
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Virus adsorption and uptake of human rhinovirus 14 (HRV14) were studied with HeLa cells and baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells which were transfected with the HRV14 receptor intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Transmission electron microscopy of HeLa cells revealed that HRV14 was internalized via clathrin-coated ...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004300050039
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) from elderly healthy subjects and post-operative cancer patients to ingest and kill Clostridium difficile was studied. The percentage of phagocytosis in clinically healthy subjects aged 69-82 years ranged from 20.2 +/- 3.2 (mean +/- SD) to 34.1 +/- 4.2, depending on t...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02123569
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied the incidence of enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains associated with infant diarrhoeal disease in Galicia (North-west Spain). During a period of 9 months we isolated heat-labile enterotoxin-positive strains in 2.1% of children with diarrhoea examined, whereas the production of...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02123802
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We evaluated the long-term effects of the single oral administration of a new CXCR4 antagonist, KRH-3955, on elevation of white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil and lymphocyte counts in normal cynomolgus monkeys. In the monkeys treated with 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg of the compound, WBC, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts increas...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00430-012-0254-1
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prophylactic intranasal medication with a new antiviral compound, 1-phenyl-3-(4 phenyl-2-thiazolyl) guanidine (CL 88,277) was evaluated in humans against rhinovirus 44 challenge. One ml containing 250 mg of CL 88,277 was administered to 10 seronegative volunteers three times a day plus one dose prior to the rhinov...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02126707
更新日期：1977-05-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Immediate-early (IE) genes are the first genes to be transcribed during the lytic replication cycle of cytomegaloviruses (CMV), and encode nonstructural proteins, which are assumed to have mainly regulatory functions. The IE proteins may play important roles in the pathogenesis of CMV in vivo, for instance during the ...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00430-008-0076-3
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The production of thermolabile (LT) enterotoxin was compared in a defined medium reported by Staples et al. (SAG medium) for the production of thermostable (ST) enterotoxin and the Casamino acids-Yeast extract (CAYE) medium. Aliquots were drawn frum cultures of an enterotoxigenic (LT+, ST+) E. coli in both media at di...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02122706
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:NFR nude (nu/nu) and euthymic (+/nu) littermates were infected with coxsackievirus B3 (CBV-3) and assayed for virus persistence in the heart, pancreas and spleen, for development of myocarditis and for antibody production. The virus grew to higher titer and persisted longer in hearts of nu/nu mice. In both types of mi...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02123563
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CAMP factor is an extracellular cytolytic protein produced by Streptococcus agalactiae. CAMP factor has been reported to bind the Fc fragments of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and has therefore also been called protein B, in analogy to protein A of Staphylococcus aureus. We attempted to characterize the interaction of protei...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00430-006-0028-8
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A skim-milk fraction and a whey-protein concentrate (WPC) fraction were prepared from the cows that had been immunized with E. coli isolated from the mouse intestine. The antibacterial effect of these fractions against E. coli was examined. They contained antibody with a high affinity for E. coli strain 48, a represen...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00189427
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus from local infection to systemic dissemination involves a range of virulence factors including structural and secreted products. Among various control mechanisms, small noncoding RNAs are involved in the regulation of multiple pathogenicity factors in S. aureus. The sRNA SprX ...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00430-016-0467-9
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Therapeutic vaccination for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B has thus far been unsatisfactory. In this review, we discuss potential new therapeutic vaccination strategies and other immunotherapeutic approaches that aim to achieve efficient restoration of HBV immunity in chronically infected patients. ...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00430-014-0377-7
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oral candidiasis (OC) is a frequent oral manifestation of HIV infection, is a marker disease and occurs as a pseudomembranous, erythematous or rarely hyperplastic variant; angular cheilitis is also seen. Candida albicans is frequently isolated but other species such as C. krusei and C. dublienensis are emerging. Resis...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00430-002-0175-5
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to characterize the cytokine secretion patterns of human T helper cells from healthy donors reactive with somatic antigens from various bacteria, the nematode Anisakis and tetanus toxoid. From the peripheral blood of four healthy donors we have established 70 T cell lines reactive with antige...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00196051
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently we demonstrated that lack of mecA transcription was responsible for the decreased methicillin resistance phenotype of strongly slime-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis phase variants [Mempel M, Feucht H, Ziehbuhr W, Endres M, Laufs R, Grüter L (1994) Antimicrob Agents Chemother 38: 1251-1255]. In the present...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00224346
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of immune bovine lactoserum (BLS) antipolyvalent enteropathogenic Escherichia coli on bacterial growth, viability and bacteria-induced fluid accumulation was examined in rabbit ileal loops. Human enteropathogenic E. coli strains 0125:K70 (B15), 0111:K58 (B4) and 055:K59 (B5) (1-3 X 10(9) per inoculum) induc...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02123571
更新日期：1975-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Upon infection of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-carrying human T-cell lines such as MT-4, HTLV-III, a probable etiologic agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused fast and strong cytopathic effects leading ultimately to the death of the cells. Such effects were preceded by the rapid indu...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02123869
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of sheep anti-murine recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on resistance to Listeria monocytogenes infection were studied in T cell-deficient nu/nu mice. The sheep anti-TNF-alpha antibody preparation was specific for TNF since it neutralized 300 U of recombinant murine TNF-alpha in vitro at a...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00198530
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Enterocytozoon bieneusi is emerging as an important cause of chronic diarrhoea in AIDS patients. Its reservoirs and transmission patterns are unknown. In this study, we have examined E. bieneusi sequences from four Rhesus macaques of different origin, which were kept at one animal facility. The sequences were identica...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00430-005-0240-y
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To characterize the role of specific lymphocyte subsets in Chlamydia trachomatis infection, we established a murine model using the mouse pneumonitis agent (MoPn) of C. trachomatis and C.B-17 scid/scid (SCID) mice which lack functional B and T cells. After intraperitoneal inoculation with the bacteria, SCID mice devel...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004300050076
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The administration of drugs to inhibit metabolic pathways not only reduces the risk of obesity-induced diseases in humans but may also hamper the replication of different viral pathogens. In order to investigate the value of the US Food and Drug Administration-approved anti-obesity drug orlistat in view of its anti-vi...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00430-015-0391-4
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The structural relation of YOP-1 of "european" and "american" Yersinia enterocolitica serotypes O:3, O:9, O:5,27, and O:8 and O:20, respectively, and Y. pseudotuberculosis serotypes I, II, and III was compared by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and peptide mapping using Staphylococcus aureus ...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00215249
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytomegalovirus vaccine development started in the 1970s with attenuated strains. In the 1980s, one of the strains was shown to be safe and effective in renal transplant patients. Then, attention switched to glycoprotein gB, which was shown to give moderate but transient protection against acquisition of the virus by ...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00430-015-0388-z
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interactions of virulent Leptospira interrogans with murine monocyte-macrophage-like J774A.1 cells and Vero (African green monkey kidney fibroblasts) cells from attachment to internalization were investigated by a series of morphological analysis. Fontana silver staining revealed that only the pathogenic leptospires w...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00430-007-0047-0
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The avirulent Salmonella typhimurium galE strain G30, following oral feeding to mice, developed a state of immunity to a secondary oral challenge with virulent Salmonella typhimurium. This immunity was concommitant with the development of intestinal and serum antibodies and delayed-type hyepersensitivity (DTH) to Salm...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02121760
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:198 strains of Propionibacterium acnes, P. avidum, and P. granulosum were tested for their immunostimulatory potency using splenomegaly as index of stimulation, the activity differed widely from strain to strain. The antitumor and antimetastatic properties of six strains with differing stimulation activities were care...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02123791
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new way of measuring indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) of microscopic bacterial slide preparations by videocamera and an image processing system is presented. This method is compared with the conventional method of reading the slides by eye. The advantages of this new approach are objective reading, greater accuracy...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00193850
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six colonies producing antibodies were obtained by fusing mouse myeloma SP2-O cells with spleen cells from mice immunized with cytomegalovirus Davis strain. Among 88 surviving clones, 29 produced antibodies detectable by immunofluorescence on infected MRC5 cells and 2 others produced neutralizing antibodies against a ...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02123803
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pertussis Toxin (PTx) is one of the most important virulence factors of Bordetella pertussis, the cause of whooping cough. Therefore, the inactivated toxin is an obligatory constituent of acellular pertussis vaccines. It is described in the literature that both native PTx and recombinant Pertussis Toxin (PTg) activate...
journal_title：Medical microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00430-012-0238-1
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
