Toll signaling in flies and mammals: two sorts of MyD88.

abstract：:T helper 17 (Th17) cells play an important role in mucosal host defense through production of the signature cytokines IL-17 and IL-22. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been shown to enhance IL-17 production by mature Th17 cells. However, when present during Th17 cell differentiation, we found that PGE2 inhibited the transc...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Valdez PA,Vithayathil PJ,Janelsins BM,Shaffer AL,Williamson PR,Datta SK

更新日期：2012-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Little is known about the functional differences between the human skin myeloid dendritic cell (DC) subsets, epidermal CD207(+) Langerhans cells (LCs) and dermal CD14(+) DCs. We showed that CD14(+) DCs primed CD4(+) T cells into cells that induce naive B cells to switch isotype and become plasma cells. In contrast, LC...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Klechevsky E,Morita R,Liu M,Cao Y,Coquery S,Thompson-Snipes L,Briere F,Chaussabel D,Zurawski G,Palucka AK,Reiter Y,Banchereau J,Ueno H

更新日期：2008-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Whereas dendritic cells (DCs) can be activated in many ways to trigger immunity, hardly anything is known about the mechanisms that counterbalance DC activation. Cyster and colleagues now demonstrate that the "self" molecule CD47 on erythrocytes critically restricts splenic DC activation. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： van den Berg TK,van Bruggen R

更新日期：2015-10-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Distinct metabolic programs support the differentiation of CD4(+) T cells into separate functional subsets. In this study, we investigated metabolic mechanisms underlying the differentiation of IL-9-producing CD4(+) T cells (Th9) in allergic airway inflammation and cancerous tumors. We found that histone deacetylase S...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Wang Y,Bi Y,Chen X,Li C,Li Y,Zhang Z,Wang J,Lu Y,Yu Q,Su H,Yang H,Liu G

更新日期：2016-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations affecting the Tec kinases Itk and Rlk decrease T cell receptor-induced Ca(2+) mobilization and Erk kinase activation and impair both positive and negative thymic selection. Itk(-/-) and Rlk(-/-)Itk(-/-) mice also have decreased CD4:8 T cell ratios, suggestive of altered CD4:8 lineage commitment. Nonetheless,...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Broussard C,Fleischacker C,Horai R,Chetana M,Venegas AM,Sharp LL,Hedrick SM,Fowlkes BJ,Schwartzberg PL

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:mTORC2 is a metabolic regulatory complex activated by PI3K. In this issue of Immunity, Kishore et al. (2017) demonstrate a specialized role for this complex in the migration of regulatory T (Treg) cells to sites of inflammation rather than their differentiation and survival. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Alon R

更新日期：2017-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Human V gamma 2V delta 2+ T cells recognize mycobacterial nonpeptide antigens, such as isopentenyl pyrophosphate, and their synthetic analogs, such as monoethyl phosphate, through a TCR-dependent process. Here, we examine the presentation of these antigens. V gamma 2V delta 2+ T cells recognized secreted prenyl pyroph...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Morita CT,Beckman EM,Bukowski JF,Tanaka Y,Band H,Bloom BR,Golan DE,Brenner MB

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elevated inflammation in the female genital tract is associated with increased HIV risk. Cervicovaginal bacteria modulate genital inflammation; however, their role in HIV susceptibility has not been elucidated. In a prospective cohort of young, healthy South African women, we found that individuals with diverse genita...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Gosmann C,Anahtar MN,Handley SA,Farcasanu M,Abu-Ali G,Bowman BA,Padavattan N,Desai C,Droit L,Moodley A,Dong M,Chen Y,Ismail N,Ndung'u T,Ghebremichael MS,Wesemann DR,Mitchell C,Dong KL,Huttenhower C,Walker BD,Virgi

更新日期：2017-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The gut microbiota is a complex and plastic network of diverse organisms intricately connected with human physiology. Recent advances in profiling approaches of both the microbiota and the immune system now enable a deeper exploration of immunity-microbiota connections. An important next step is to elucidate a human-r...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Spencer SP,Fragiadakis GK,Sonnenburg JL

更新日期：2019-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The identification is made in normal mice of the stages in T cell development at which the rearranged beta chain of the T cell receptor (TCR) is utilized to promote T cell maturation, independent of the TCR alpha chain. In addition, evidence is provided that utilization of beta chains in T cell progenitors does not pr...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Dudley EC,Petrie HT,Shah LM,Owen MJ,Hayday AC

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HLA-DM removes CLIP and other loosely bound peptides from MHC class II molecules. The crystal structures of class II molecules and of HLA-DM have not permitted identification of their interaction sites. Here, we describe mutations in class II that impair interactions with DM. Libraries of randomly mutagenized DR3 alph...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Doebele RC,Busch R,Scott HM,Pashine A,Mellins ED

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phenotypic plasticity of T helper 17 (Th17) cells suggests instability of chromatin structure of key genes of this lineage. We identified epigenetic modifications across the clustered Il17a and Il17f and the Ifng loci before and after differential IL-12 or TGF-beta cytokine signaling, which induce divergent fates of T...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Mukasa R,Balasubramani A,Lee YK,Whitley SK,Weaver BT,Shibata Y,Crawford GE,Hatton RD,Weaver CT

更新日期：2010-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:According to the traditional view, atherosclerosis results from a passive buildup of cholesterol in the artery wall. Yet, burgeoning evidence implicates inflammation and immune effector mechanisms in the pathogenesis of this disease. Both innate and adaptive immunity operate during atherogenesis and link many traditio...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Libby P,Lichtman AH,Hansson GK

更新日期：2013-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the extended interleukin-1 (IL-1) cytokine family, such as IL-1, IL-18, IL-33, and IL-36, play a pivotal role in the initiation and amplification of immune responses. However, deregulated production and/or activation of these cytokines can lead to the development of multiple inflammatory disorders. IL-1 fam...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Afonina IS,Müller C,Martin SJ,Beyaert R

更新日期：2015-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The p38 and JNK stress-activated MAPK signal transduction pathways are activated by T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and are required for IFN-gamma production by TH1 effector cells. Here, we show that the expression of GADD45gamma is induced during T cell activation and that the level of expression is higher in TH1 cel...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Lu B,Yu H,Chow C,Li B,Zheng W,Davis RJ,Flavell RA

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The classical model of hematopoiesis established in the mouse postulates that lymphoid cells originate from a founder population of common lymphoid progenitors. Here, using a modeling approach in humanized mice, we showed that human lymphoid development stemmed from distinct populations of CD127- and CD127+ early lymp...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Alhaj Hussen K,Vu Manh TP,Guimiot F,Nelson E,Chabaane E,Delord M,Barbier M,Berthault C,Dulphy N,Alberdi AJ,Burlen-Defranoux O,Socié G,Bories JC,Larghero J,Vanneaux V,Verhoeyen E,Wirth T,Dalod M,Gluckman JC,Cumano A

更新日期：2017-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Mast cells are tissue-resident immune cells that play a central role in allergic disease. These contributions are largely dependent on the acquisition of antigen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE). Despite this requirement, studies of mast cell and IgE interactions have overlooked the mechanism by which mast cells acquir...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Cheng LE,Hartmann K,Roers A,Krummel MF,Locksley RM

更新日期：2013-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanistic links between genetic variation and autoantibody production in autoimmune disease remain obscure. Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is caused by inactivating mutations in FAS or FASL, with autoantibodies thought to arise through failure of FAS-mediated removal of self-reactive germinal cen...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Butt D,Chan TD,Bourne K,Hermes JR,Nguyen A,Statham A,O'Reilly LA,Strasser A,Price S,Schofield P,Christ D,Basten A,Ma CS,Tangye SG,Phan TG,Rao VK,Brink R

更新日期：2015-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Memory T cells provide long-lasting protective immunity, and distinct subpopulations of memory T cells drive chronic inflammatory diseases such as asthma. Asthma is a chronic allergic inflammatory disease with airway remodeling including fibrotic changes. The immunological mechanisms that induce airway fibrotic change...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Morimoto Y,Hirahara K,Kiuchi M,Wada T,Ichikawa T,Kanno T,Okano M,Kokubo K,Onodera A,Sakurai D,Okamoto Y,Nakayama T

更新日期：2018-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection improves immune function and eliminates the risk of AIDS-related complications but does not restore full health. HIV-infected adults have excess risk of cardiovascular, liver, kidney, bone, and neurologic diseases. Many markers of inflammation are elevated in HIV di...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Deeks SG,Tracy R,Douek DC

更新日期：2013-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative stress leads to impaired T cell activation. A central integrator of T cell activation is the actin-remodelling protein cofilin. Cofilin is activated through dephosphorylation at Ser3. Activated cofilin enables actin dynamics through severing and depolymerization of F-actin. Binding of cofilin to actin is req...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Klemke M,Wabnitz GH,Funke F,Funk B,Kirchgessner H,Samstag Y

更新日期：2008-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are part of a large family of ILCs that are important effectors in innate immunity, lymphoid organogenesis, and tissue remodeling. ILC2s mediate parasite expulsion but also contribute to airway inflammation, emphasizing the functional similarity between these cells and Th2 cells. C...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Mjösberg J,Bernink J,Golebski K,Karrich JJ,Peters CP,Blom B,te Velde AA,Fokkens WJ,van Drunen CM,Spits H

更新日期：2012-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumors frequently subvert major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) peptide presentation to evade CD8+ T cell immunosurveillance, though how this is accomplished is not always well defined. To identify the global regulatory networks controlling antigen presentation, we employed genome-wide screening in human di...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Dersh D,Phelan JD,Gumina ME,Wang B,Arbuckle JH,Holly J,Kishton RJ,Markowitz TE,Seedhom MO,Fridlyand N,Wright GW,Huang DW,Ceribelli M,Thomas CJ,Lack JB,Restifo NP,Kristie TM,Staudt LM,Yewdell JW

更新日期：2021-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Specification of the T helper 17 (Th17) cell lineage requires a well-defined set of transcription factors, but how these integrate with posttranscriptional and epigenetic programs to regulate gene expression is poorly understood. Here we found defective Th17 cell cytokine expression in miR-155-deficient CD4+ T cells i...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Escobar TM,Kanellopoulou C,Kugler DG,Kilaru G,Nguyen CK,Nagarajan V,Bhairavabhotla RK,Northrup D,Zahr R,Burr P,Liu X,Zhao K,Sher A,Jankovic D,Zhu J,Muljo SA

更新日期：2014-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand how orally introduced antigen regulates peripheral immune responses, we fed cytochrome c protein to mice transgenic for the beta chain of a cytochrome c-specific TCR and followed the antigen-specific T cell responses with a cyt c/I-Ek tetramer staining reagent. We find that within 6 hr of cytochrome c ad...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Gütgemann I,Fahrer AM,Altman JD,Davis MM,Chien YH

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated during T cell activation and serve a signaling function but can also be damaging. In this issue of Immunity, Zhang et al. (2016) show that miR-23a prevents ROS-elicited necrosis by suppressing cyclophilin D (PPIF), a regulator of ROS escape from mitochondria. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Agudo J,Brown BD

更新日期：2016-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Shigella pathogenesis has confounded researchers for years because of its narrow host selectivity and extraordinary infectious capability. In this issue of Immunity, Xu et al. (2018) identify a cunning mechanism whereby Shigella hijacks human α-defensin 5 to enhance its adhesion and subsequent invasion. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Murphy AG,Maloy KJ

更新日期：2018-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Few apoptotic corpses are seen even in tissues with high cellular turnover, leading to the notion that the capacity for engulfment in vivo is vast. Whether corpse clearance can be enhanced in vivo for potential benefit is not known. In a colonic inflammation model, we noted that the expression of the phagocytic recept...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Lee CS,Penberthy KK,Wheeler KM,Juncadella IJ,Vandenabeele P,Lysiak JJ,Ravichandran KS

更新日期：2016-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Kupffer cells (KCs) are liver-resident macrophages that self-renew by proliferation in the adult independently from monocytes. However, how they are maintained during non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) remains ill defined. We found that a fraction of KCs derived from Ly-6C+ monocytes during NASH, underlying impaired...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Tran S,Baba I,Poupel L,Dussaud S,Moreau M,Gélineau A,Marcelin G,Magréau-Davy E,Ouhachi M,Lesnik P,Boissonnas A,Le Goff W,Clausen BE,Yvan-Charvet L,Sennlaub F,Huby T,Gautier EL

更新日期：2020-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton requires nucleating factors, which initiate actin fiber formation. In this issue of Immunity, the functions of two classes of actin nucleators are examined in T lymphocytes, giving insight into the regulation of T cell polarity (Gomez et al., 2007). ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Schwartzberg PL

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00