Abstract:
:MicroRNA (miRNA) profiling is a first important step in elucidating miRNA functions. Real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and microarray hybridization approaches as well as ultra high throughput sequencing of miRNAs (small RNA-seq) are popular and widely used profiling methods. All of these profiling approaches face significant introduction of bias. Normalization, often an underestimated aspect of data processing, can minimize systematic technical or experimental variation and thus has significant impact on the detection of differentially expressed miRNAs. At present, there is no consensus normalization method for any of the three miRNA profiling approach. Several normalization techniques are currently in use, of which some are similar to mRNA profiling normalization methods, while others are specifically modified or developed for miRNA data. The characteristic nature of miRNA molecules, their composition and the resulting data distribution of profiling experiments challenges the selection of adequate normalization techniques. Based on miRNA profiling studies and comparative studies on normalization methods and their performances, this review provides a critical overview of commonly used and newly developed normalization methods for miRNA RT-qPCR, miRNA hybridization microarray, and small RNA-seq datasets. Emphasis is laid on the complexity, the importance and the potential for further optimization of normalization techniques for miRNA profiling datasets.
journal_name
Biotechnol Lettjournal_title
Biotechnology lettersauthors
Meyer SU,Pfaffl MW,Ulbrich SEdoi
10.1007/s10529-010-0380-zsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-12-01 00:00:00pages
1777-88issue
12eissn
0141-5492issn
1573-6776journal_volume
32pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:To screen the phylogenetically-nearest members of Cellulosimicrobium cellulans for the production of cellulosome-like multienzyme complexes and extracellular β-xylosidase activity against 7-xylosyltaxanes and to get corresponding molecular insights. RESULTS:Cellulosimicrobium (family Promicromonosporaceae) ...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-017-2469-0
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In this study, we aimed to maximize glutathione (GSH) production by a metabolically engineered Yarrowia lipolytica strain using a small-scale optimization approach. RESULTS:A three levels four factorial Box-Behnken Design was used to assess the effect of pH, inulin extract, yeast extract and ammonium sulfate...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-020-03039-0
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ganoderic acid, from Ganoderma lucidum, at 8 microg/ml inhibited replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in HepG2215 cells over 8 days. Production of HBV surface antigen and HBV e antigen were 20 and 44% of controls without ganoderic acid. Male KM mice were significantly protected from liver injury, induced with carbon...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-006-9007-9
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (hUCBMSCs) on promoting erectile function in a rat model of bilateral cavernous nerve (CN) crush injury. RESULTS:Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to sham + PBS group (n = 10), BCNI (bilateral caver...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-015-1816-2
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ma-pyrG was cloned from Monascus aurantiacus AS3.4384 using degenerate PCR with primers designed with an algorithm called CODEHOP, and its complete sequence was obtained by a PCR-based strategy for screening a Monascus fosmid library. Ma-pyrG encodes orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase (OMPdecase), a 283-aminoacid pr...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-010-0336-3
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This short commentary examines the factors that led to Food and Drug Administration's approval of the first plant-derived biologic. RESULTS:In 2012, the first plant-derived protein pharmaceutical (biologic) was approved for commercial use in humans. The product, a recombinant form of human β-glucocerebrosid...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10529-015-1908-z
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to treat the kitchen wastes and produce hydrogen, anaerobic fermentation technology was used in this experiment. The results showed that the fermentation type changed from mixed acid fermentation to ethanol fermentation in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) 22 days after start-up. The maximum efficiency...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-009-0024-3
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the potential of enzyme cocktails produced by five filamentous fungi to supplement the industrial cellulase cocktail, Celluclast 1.5L, in order to improve the efficiency of saccharification. RESULTS:The fungi were cultivated on wheat bran and the resulting supernatants were combined with Cellucl...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-017-2371-9
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previously, we constructed a genetically modified luciferase of Photinus pyralis that generates more than 10-fold higher luminescence intensity than the wild-type enzyme. In this study, we demonstrate that this modified luciferase enables us to detect ATP at 10(-18) mol, which is almost equal to the quantity contained...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-008-9643-3
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To improve the production of trans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (t10,c12-CLA) from linoleic acid in recombinant Yarrowia lipolytica. RESULTS:Cells of the yeast were permeabilized by freeze/thawing. The optimal conditions for t10,c12-CLA production by the permeabilized cells were at 28 °C, pH 7, 200 rpm...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-016-2175-3
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A computational search was carried out to identify additional binding sites for the manganese response regulator, ManR, in the genome of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. This approach predicted ManR binding sites: the promoter regions of the genes of all3575-alr3576 and the gene of alr5134 from Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. Electropho...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/B:BILE.0000045639.26579.6f
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To improve the thermostability and catalytic property of a mesophilic 1,3-1,4-β-glucanase by combinational mutagenesis and to test its effect in congress mashing. RESULTS:A mutant β-glucanase (rE-BglTO) constructed by combinational mutagenesis showed a 25 °C increase in optimal temperature (to 70 °C) a 19.5...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-016-2212-2
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Developing an effective HIV vaccine that stimulates the humoral and cellular immune responses is still challenging because of the diversity of HIV-1 virus, polymorphism of human HLA and lack of a suitable delivery system. RESULTS:Using bioinformatics tools, we designed a DNA construct encoding multiple epit...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-019-02734-x
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To acquire a thermostable xylanase, that is suitable for xylooligosaccharide production from pretreated corncobs, the metagenomic method was used to obtain the gene from an uncultured environmental microorganism. RESULTS:A thermostable xylanase-encoding gene (xyn10CD18) was cloned directly from the metageno...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-015-1857-6
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gene encoding Schwanniomyces occidentalis alpha-amylase (AMY) was introduced into the chromosomal delta sequences of an industrial strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To obtain a strain suitable for commercial use, an delta-integrative cassette devoid of bacterial DNA sequences was constructed that contains the AM...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1026281627466
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biotransformation of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (DCP) to epichlorohydrin (ECH) by the whole cells of recombinant Escherichia coli expressing halohydrin dehalogenase was limited by product inhibition. To solve this problem and improve the ECH yield, a biotransformation strategy using resin-based in situ product removal (I...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-013-1165-y
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amberlite XAD 2 resin enhanced the asymmetric reduction of ethyl 4-chloroacetoacetate (ECA) to S-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyric acid ethyl ester as catalyzed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The absorbed ECA was released slowly to the solution during the reaction so that the substrate inhibition and the spontaneous chemical hy...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1021761627090
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An on-line device, ORP (oxidation-reduction potential)-stat, was used to control glucose-feeding for enhancing xylitol conversion from D-xylose during an oxygen-limited fermentation by Candida tropicalis. The fermentation was carried out in a 5 l jar fermenter. After glucose in the medium was depleted, a switching to ...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fourteen strains of Bacillus thuringiensis collected from both larvae showing disease symptoms and soil samples in northwest Argentina were characterized by insecticidal activity against Spodoptera frugiperda. First instar larvae and protein profile SDS-PAGE analysis of whole cell proteins not only allowed the differe...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-008-9841-z
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Marc-145 cells (monkey embryonic kidney epithelial cells) play a critical role in the biotechnology industry as certain virus host cells. To investigate the expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) gene as a foreign gene in Marc-145 cells, which we developed an approach of foreign gene site-sp...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-020-02860-x
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The actinorhizal plant seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L., Elaeagnaceae) is a wind pollinated dioecious crop. To distinguish male genotypes from female genotypes early in the vegetative growth phase, we have developed robust PCR-based marker(s). DNA bulk samples from 20 male and 20 female plants each were screened ...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-012-0852-4
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peptides are emerging as pharmaceutical agents in cancer therapy. The peptide, TLSGAFELSRDK (TLS) is a targeting ligand that can specifically triggers cellular uptake by binding to SKOV3 cells. Cell surface proteins and the C-terminal basic residues of the TLS are required for effective cell penetration, and the uptak...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-013-1263-x
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Characterization of cry gene contents can help to predict the insecticidal activities of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates and in the searching of new cry genes. PCR-Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) profiling and sequencing of the highly variable cry gene regions were used to characterize cry gene content ...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-006-9224-2
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To identify and characterize a novel antimicrobial peptide, catesbeianin-1. RESULTS:Catesbeianin-1 is 25 amino acids long and is α-helical, cationic and amphipathic. It had antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It was resistant against trypsin and pepsin. Catesbeianin-1 ex...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-017-2312-7
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The proteome of rumen epithelial tissue was analysed by SDS-PAGE coupled with LC-MS/MS. 813 non-redundant proteins were identified of which 7.4 % featured membrane-spanning domains and 15.4 % harboured a signal peptide. According to the gene ontology annotation, the most abundant proteins exhibited binding activities ...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-013-1291-6
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::ECO-orf27 associated with the cluster of ECO-0501 (LW01) from Amycolatopsis orientalis is deduced to encode a type II thioesterase. Disruption of ECO-orf27 reduced LW01 production by 95 %. Complementation of the disrupted mutant with intact ECO-orf27 restored the production of LW01 suggesting that ECO-orf27 is crucial...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-012-1010-8
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brevibacterium epidermis DSM 20659 is a halotolerant Gram-positive bacterium which can synthesize the osmolyte, ectoine, but prefers to take it up from its environment. The present study revealed that B. epidermis is equipped with at least one transport system for ectoine, with a maximal transport velocity of 15.7 +/-...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-006-9149-9
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The industrial-scale production of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) mainly uses strains of Rhodotorula. However, the PAL gene from Rhodotorula has not been cloned. Here, the full-length gene of PAL from Rhodotorula glutinis was isolated. It was 2,121 bp, encoding a polypeptide with 706 amino acids and a calculated MW...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-013-1140-7
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extracellular domains (ECD) of epidermal growth factor receptors, ErbB1, 2, 3 and 4, were designed as soluble dimeric forms. Each ECD was fused to a short hinge region derived from IgG, such that the stable dimer could be formed with disulfide bridges. This hinge-tagged design minimized the molecular weight to app...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-009-0160-9
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monascus aurantiacus produces high amounts of citrinin which is a mycotoxin with nephrotoxic activity. Six putative citrinin biosynthesis genes have been discovered in M. purpureus and at least 10 genes are responsible for its biosynthesis. However, the sequence of citrinin pathway gene cluster in M. aurantiacus has n...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-011-0745-y
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00