Abstract：
:Four decades of research on the link between hyperhomocysteinemia and cardiovascular disease has led to a crossroads. Several negative studies on the role of homocysteine-lowering B-vitamin therapy in reducing the risk of atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease have dampened enthusiasm for this important field of research. In this review, we assess the present state of homocysteine research and suggest potential avenues that would help to clarify the purported link between the plasma homocysteine level and cardiovascular risk. We address several questions raised by the findings of various basic, epidemiological and clinical studies and attempt to construct a framework that we believe will allow us to address the fundamental unresolved issues in this controversial area, specifically focusing on the risk of coronary vascular disease and cardiac failure. This review should allow researchers to deconstruct this complex field into separate areas that, when addressed adequately, may lead to findings that elucidate the overall link between hyperhomocysteinemia and cardiovascular disease and allow the design of appropriate clinical trials.
journal_name
Cardiovasc Toxicoljournal_title
Cardiovascular toxicologyauthors
Joseph J,Handy DE,Loscalzo Jdoi
10.1007/s12012-009-9042-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-06-01 00:00:00pages
53-63issue
2eissn
1530-7905issn
1559-0259journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Although the role of tropomyosin is well-defined in striated muscle, the precise mechanism of how tropomyosin functions is still unclear. It has been shown that extension of either N- or C-terminal ends of sarcomeric tropomyosin do not affect cardiac myofibrillogenesis, but it is not known whether simultaneous extensi...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1385/ct:5:1:001
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is generally considered that the genetics of atherosclerosis and its complications involves a large number of genes with common alleles having weak effects on disease risk but possibly interacting with each other and with non-genetic factors. In such a complex system, absence of marginal effects (effects of polymor...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1385/ct:5:2:143
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) is the main polyphenol present in green tea and is known for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we hypothesize that EGCG attenuates oxidative stress in the parav...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-015-9335-x
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Scientific and medical evidence over the past 30 years has established striking parallels between atherosclerosis and cancer--pathogenetic relationships that cross the boundaries of fiction into the realm of reason. Both diseases in humans are characterized by uncontrolled regulation of cellular growth and differentia...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1385/ct:5:3:245
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Huntington's disease is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene. Heart disease is the second leading cause of death in patients with Huntington's disease. This study was to evaluate whether cardiac Fas-dependent and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathwa...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-015-9318-y
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE), a polyphenolic compound with antioxidant properties, may protect against cardiac ischemia and reperfusion injury. However, its potential toxicity at higher doses is unknown. The authors tested the effects of GSPE on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell survival, la...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1385/ct:3:4:331
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tolerance to clinically important organic nitrates such as nitroglycerin (NTG) has been experimentally related to endothelial dysfunction and vascular oxidative stress. Anti-oxidant enzymes such as the glutathione-S-transferases GSTs) could potentially play a protective role in NTG tolerance. Our previous work showed ...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1385/ct:6:2:131
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart failure is a common complication of doxorubicin (DOX) therapy. Previous studies have shown that DOX adversely impacts cardiac energy metabolism, and the ensuing energy deficiencies antedate clinical manifestations of cardiac toxicity. Brief exposure of cultured cardiomyocytes to DOX significantly decreases creat...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-014-9283-x
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated vildagliptin-induced vasodilation and its related mechanisms using phenylephrine induced precontracted rabbit aortic rings. Vildagliptin induced vasodilation in a concentration-dependent manner. Pretreatment with the large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel blocker paxilline, ATP-sensitive K...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-018-9496-5
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertension, as one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, significantly affects human health. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the E3-class prostanoid (EP3) receptor have previously been demonstrated to modulate blood pressure and hemodynamics in various animal models of hypertension. The PGE2-evoked press...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-020-09619-w
更新日期：2020-11-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiac toxicity has been associated with HIV infection and exposure to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), but the role of the latter in the development of cardiac disease of HIV-infected patients is uncertain. To investigate the cardiotoxicity of transplacentally administered zidovudine (AZT) or AZT...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1385/ct:4:2:133
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is among the first-line chemotherapeutic drugs used in oncological practice. It has shown substantial efficacy in treating patients with relapsed or refractory acute promyelocytic leukaemia. The clinical use of ATO is hampered due to cardiotoxicity and hence many patients are precluded from rece...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12012-018-09504-7
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was undertaken to evaluate protective role of S. rhomboidea. Roxb (SR) leaf extract against in vitro low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL) induced macrophage apoptosis. Copper and cell-mediated LDL oxidation, Ox-LDL-induced peroxyl radical generation, mitochondrial activit...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-011-9110-6
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive response to a number of heart diseases including myocardial infarction. Although it can be compensatory at first, sustained hypertrophy is often a transition to heart failure. We have found that cardiomyocytes in culture can survive mild doses of H2O2 but develop hypertrophy involvin...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1385/ct:3:2:119
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Doxorubicin (Dox) is widely used in cancer therapy, but the clinical application is limited by its cardiotoxicity. The underlying mechanism of Dox-induced cardiotoxicity remains unclear. Present study aimed to evaluate the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. The NLRP3 inflammasome was activated i...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-020-09576-4
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to characterize acute coronary artery injury evoked by the endothelin A receptor (ETAR) antagonist, CI-1034. Male dogs (n = 5) were intravenously administered CI-1034 at 120 mg/kg for 4 d. Control animals (n = 3) received vehicle. Macroscopically, drug-related hemorrhage was observed in...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1385/ct:6:1:25
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over 300,000 hip replacements occurred in the USA in 2010, and the frequency is likely increasing annually. Blood Cobalt (Co) concentrations in patients with well-functioning cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) hip implants are usually elevated above background concentrations relative to the general population. Excessive Co expos...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12012-017-9433-z
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measure of cardiac pacing dynamics that has recently garnered a great deal of interest in environmental health studies. While the use of these measures has become popular, much uncertainty remains in the interpretation of results, both in terms of human and animal research. In humans,...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12012-007-0004-6
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), more commonly known as "ecstasy," is a semi-synthetic entactogenic phenylethylamine. In recent years it has gained popularity as a recreational drug whose use has registered an upward trend especially among adolescents and young adults. Despite its unwarranted reputation of be...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-019-09526-9
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of arsenic toxicity has been observed in various countries including Taiwan, Bangladesh, India, Argentina, Australia, Chile, China, Hungary, Peru, Thailand, Mexico and United States of America. Arsenic is a ubiquitous element present in drinking water, and its exposure is associated with various cardiova...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12012-009-9050-6
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective potential of water extract of rhizomes of Acorus gramineus (AGR) against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction. Male pigs were orally administered with 250 or 500 mg/kg of AGR or with vehicle for 9 days, with concurrent subcutaneous injections...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-014-9243-5
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our previous study described the cardioprotective effects of ellagic acid in an isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction model. In this study, we are reporting the mechanism of protective action of ellagic acid with respect to apoptosis and mitochondrial respiratory enzymes. Ellagic acid (7.5 and 15 mg/kg) was admi...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-011-9138-7
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trichloroethylene is an organic solvent used as an industrial degreasing agent. Due to its widespread use and volatile nature, TCE is a common environmental contaminant. Trichloroethylene exposure has been implicated in the etiology of heart defects in human populations and animal models. Recent data suggest misregula...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-010-9066-y
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute cardiovascular poisoning is a major cause of adverse outcomes in poisoning emergencies. The prognostic validity of corrected QT (QTc) and dispersed QT (QTd) in these outcomes is still limited. The present study aimed to determine the risk factors of mortality, adverse cardiovascular events (ACVE), and intensive ...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-020-09629-8
更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated protective effect of FK506 on rat hearts subjected to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by regulating CaN and ASK1. Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R), FK506 + Ischemia/reperfusion group (FK506-I/R), sham group, and FK506 + sham group (FK506-sham). Ischemia/repe...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-010-9095-6
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anthracycline chemotherapy produces cardiac repolarization abnormalities and arrhythmias because of cardiac toxicity of drugs. Ventricular arrhythmogenesis is attributable to increase in repolarization heterogeneity that is characterized by spatial dispersion of repolarization. The purpose of this work was to study th...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-012-9172-0
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Complete understanding of the etiology underlying endothelial damage in preeclampsia (PE) remains deficient. Recent studies suggest that autoantibodies against angiotensin II AT1 receptors (AT1-AA) may affect vascular endothelial integrity. However, direct evidence demonstrating association between AT1-AA from preecla...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-013-9229-8
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In glyphosate (G)-based herbicides (GBHs), the declared active principle G is mixed with several adjuvants that help it to penetrate the plants' cell membranes and its stabilization and liposolubility. Its utilization is growing with genetically modified organisms engineered to tolerate GBH. Millions of farmers suffer...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12012-014-9282-y
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracellular Na(+) ([Na(+)](i)) is an important modulator of excitation-contraction coupling via regulating Ca(2+) efflux/influx, and no investigation has been so far performed in diabetic rat heart. Here, we examined whether any change of [Na(+)](i) in paced cardiomyocytes could contribute to functional alterations ...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-012-9192-9
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Erythromycin is an antibiotic that prolongs the QT-interval and causes Torsade de Pointes (TdP) by blocking the rapid delayed rectifying potassium current (IKr) without affecting either the slow delayed rectifying potassium current (IKs) or inward rectifying potassium current (IK1). Erythromycin exerts this effect in ...
journal_title：Cardiovascular toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12012-019-09532-x
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
