Abstract：
:Cardiac toxicity has been associated with HIV infection and exposure to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), but the role of the latter in the development of cardiac disease of HIV-infected patients is uncertain. To investigate the cardiotoxicity of transplacentally administered zidovudine (AZT) or AZT plus lamivudine (3TC) in the absence of HIV infection, we evaluated several biomarkers of cardiac mitochondrial structure and cardiac structure and function in a B6C3F1 mouse model. In utero exposure to AZT-3TC resulted in ultrastructural pathology, loss of mitochondria, and altered echocardiographic measurements in newborn mice. Cardiac pathology and dysfunction persisted into the adult life of female mice exposed in utero to AZT, as evidenced by significant dose-dependent heart enlargement, clusters of atypical mitochondria and myofibril alterations, significantly increased cytochrome c oxidase activity, and significantly higher numbers of mutations in mitochondrial tRNA genes compared with unexposed controls at 18 to 24 mo of age. These data led to the hypothesis that the long-term pathology of peri-natal exposure to these NRTIs is related to persistent mitochondrial DNA mutations in cardiac tissue; that is, the primary damage during drug treatment is mutational (as opposed to affecting polymerase gamma and/or other mitochondrial elements) and leads over time to delayed, progressive cardiotoxicity.
journal_name
Cardiovasc Toxicoljournal_title
Cardiovascular toxicologyauthors
Walker DM,Poirier MC,Campen MJ,Cook DL Jr,Divi RL,Nagashima K,Lund AK,Cossey PY,Hahn FF,Walker VEdoi
10.1385/ct:4:2:133keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-01-01 00:00:00pages
133-53issue
2eissn
1530-7905issn
1559-0259pii
CT:4:2:133journal_volume
4pub_type
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