Abstract：
:Ambient and biological monitoring was undertaken among tobacco processors who are chronically exposed to tobacco particulates via nasopharyngeal and cutaneous routes. Ambient monitoring revealed that the inspirable dust concentration was 150-fold higher in the tobacco factory than in the control environment, and was associated with chronic bronchitis in workers. Increased systemic exposure to tobacco constituents was evident from the high levels of cotinine, thioethers, promutagens and direct acting mutagens in workers' urine. The mean glutathione level and glutathione S-transferase activity were significantly lower in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of workers; however, the frequency of the GSTM1 null allele was similar to that in controls. A significant increase in chromosomal damage was noted in target and non-target cells of tobacco processors. In view of the association between tobacco use and several non-communicable diseases, the findings of the present study indicate an urgent need to minimize tobacco exposure among the processors.
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Bhisey RA,Bagwe AN,Mahimkar MB,Buch SCdoi
10.1016/s0378-4274(99)00097-1keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-09-05 00:00:00pages
259-65issue
2-3eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
S0378-4274(99)00097-1journal_volume
108pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Short- and medium-term rodent bioassays have been proposed under ICH guidelines for use in testing for the carcinogenic potential of pharmaceuticals. Further evaluation of these models is needed urgently and coordinated efforts are in progress worldwide to expand the available database. Models currently being investig...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(99)00227-1
更新日期：2000-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a type B trichothecene mycotoxin that exerts multiple toxic effects on plants, animals and humans. Several reports have shown that DON leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest. However, its molecular mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we showed that DON induced strong G2/M cell cycle arrest in H...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.09.012
更新日期：2018-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to establish an air-liquid interface (ALI) culture of precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) for direct exposure of lung cells to gaseous contaminants. Nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) and ozone (O(3)) were selected as model gas compounds. Acute pro-inflammatory and toxic effects of NO(2) and O(3) on live ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.04.004
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:New metabolites of styrene, three isomeric vinylphenylmercapturic acids (2-, 3-, and 4-VPMA), were recently identified by LC-ESI-MS in the urine of mice. In this study, 4-VPMA together with traces of 2- and 3-VPMA were found also in the urine of hand-lamination workers, which were exposed to styrene vapours at concent...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.06.012
更新日期：2012-09-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Acrylonitrile (ACN) is a widely used intermediate in the manufacture of plastics, acrylic fibers, synthetic rubbers and resins that are used in a variety of products including food containers and medical devices. ACN is a possible human carcinogen and a documented animal carcinogen, with the stomach being an important ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.018
更新日期：2012-01-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The subacute nephrotoxicity of more than 20 industrial solvents has been compared in female Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals were given 5 i.p. injections of the solvents per week for 2 weeks at doses ranging from 1/20 to 1/5 of the i.p. or oral LD50 and the urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, beta 2-...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(89)90018-0
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phenathrene is a major coal tar component found in hazardous waste disposal sites. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent to which phenanthrene adsorption to either of 2 different soils affects the manner in which phenanthrene is subsequently handled in orally and dermally exposed adult female rats. Abso...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(95)03250-o
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Male Swiss OF1 mice received a single oral dose of either 80 mg/kg hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD) or 40 mg/kg methyl mercury (MeHg). Examination of cryostat kidney sections stained for alkaline phosphatase (APP) revealed damage to about 50% of the proximal tubules after 8 h. Treatment with the organic anion transport...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(88)90184-1
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nerve agent toxicity is primarily due to the synaptic build up of toxic levels of acetylcholine. The acute lethal effects of the nerve agents are generally attributed to respiratory failure caused by a combination of effects at both central and peripheral levels and are further complicated by copious secretions, muscl...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.09.022
更新日期：2012-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Blood-testis barrier (BTB) provides a suitable microenvironment for germ cells that is required for spermatogenesis. Exposure to particulate matter (PM) is recognized to occasion male reproductive impairment, but the mechanism of which remains unclear. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used to establish animal models...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.12.004
更新日期：2017-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Benzene is an occupational and environmental toxicant. The major health concern for humans is acute myelogenous leukemia. To exert its toxic effects, benzene must be metabolized by cytochrome P450 to phenol and subsequently to catechol and hydroquinone. Previous research has implicated CYP2E1 in the metabolism of phen...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00441-6
更新日期：2001-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Many xenobiotics and carcinogens are oxidized in vitro by prostaglandin-H synthase (PHS) in the presence of arachidonic acid or lipid peroxides. PHS has been suggested to serve as an alternative metabolic activation enzyme to the cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes, particularly in tissues low in monooxygenase activity. This ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(93)90055-3
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the cytotoxic effects of formaldehyde (FA) on lymphocytes. FA-exposed mice showed a profound reduction not only in the number of natural killer (NK) cells but also in the expression of NK cell-specific receptors, but these mice did not exhibit decreases in the numbers of T or B lymphocytes. FA exposure...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.09.008
更新日期：2013-11-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to high levels of persistent pollutants, such as metal mixtures, is commonly encountered by the general population especially in industrialized countries. The aim of this work was to evaluate how metal pollution in contaminated areas is reflected in terms of biomarkers (BMs) of exposure and effect in human su...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.12.022
更新日期：2020-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a ubiquitous air pollutant, presents in low concentrations in the urban air, and in higher concentrations in the working environment. In the present study, male Wistar rats were housed in exposure chambers and treated with 14.00+/-1.53, 28.00+/-2.12 and 56.00+/-4.28 mg/m3 SO2 for 6 h/day for 7 ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.06.002
更新日期：2005-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of lead exposure on dopaminergic mechanisms regulating prolactin (PRL) secretion was studied in rats by measuring dopamine (DA) and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid hypothalamic concentrations and DA receptor density in the hypothalamus and pituitary of lead-exposed animals. [3H]Sulpiride was used as dopamine rec...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(84)90154-1
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oral administration of a single dose of dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL, 80 mg/kg body wt.), 2 or 24 h after treatment, caused no significant change in the levels of diacylglycerol and phosphoinositides in rat cerebrum (forebrain), whereas daily administration of DBTL (40 or 80 mg/kg body wt.) for 3 days (24 h after the fi...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(91)90198-f
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The U.S. EPA first signalled its intention to use benchmark dose risk techniques in 1991. Subsequently, publication of draft Guidelines for the Risk Assessment of Reproductive Toxicity data indicated the Agency's intention for wide use of the technique. In developmental toxicity experiments, a number of factors need t...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(95)03584-2
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effective emergency preparedness and response planning are needed to assist responders in making sound decisions under the stressful and confusing conditions accompanying a major accidental release of hazardous materials. One of the most important decisions to be made is the extent and duration of the evacuation of pe...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(89)90043-x
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Male Swiss OF1 mice received a single oral dose of either 80 mg/kg hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD) or 80 mg/kg methyl mercury (MeHg). Examination of cryostat kidney sections stained for alkaline phosphatase (APP) revealed damage to about 50% of the proximal tubules after 8 h. Pretreatment with the gamma-glutamyltransp...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(90)90017-g
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential adverse effects of hazardous waste incinerators (HWI) continue to be a subject of worry. The construction of the first and up till now only HWI in Spain finished in 1999. Twenty-six subjects employed at this HWI were divided into three groups: plant, laboratory and administration. Plasma analyses of HCB,...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2003.09.003
更新日期：2003-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of intestinal damage on thyroid carcinogenesis due to amitrole (AT) were examined in F344 male rats initiated with N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (DHPN). In experiment 1, rats were provided with diet containing 0.03% AT for 20 weeks after a single subcutaneous injection of DHPN (2800 mg/kg body weight), and...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.11.012
更新日期：2006-06-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, we reported that silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the resultant oxidative stress contributes to the cell damage associated with AgNPs. 8-Oxoguanine (8-oxoG) is sensitive marker of ROS-induced DNA damage. 8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) is an important DN...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.09.002
更新日期：2011-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of intra- and extracellular calcium in the activation of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) to produce reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) were studied by using soluble, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), or particulate stimuli, quartz or chrysotile. A calciu...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(95)03255-j
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arsenic (As), a ubiquitous toxic metal, is an important environmental and industrial pollutant throughout the world. Inorganic As (iAs) is usually more harmful than organic ones and with a high risk of diabetes incidence by exposure. However, the toxicological effects of iAs on growth and function of pancreatic β-cell...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.11.019
更新日期：2011-02-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Betulinic acid (BA) is known to induce apoptosis in melanoma neuroectodermal and malignant brain cancer cell lines. Present report describes the role of antioxidants on the BA-induced toxicity to human cell line SK-N-MC. Hydrophilic antioxidants viz., L-ascorbic acid (VitC) and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (l-NAC) had no prote...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.03.027
更新日期：2004-11-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Potentiality of a protective effect of methionine against hepatotoxic action of vinyl chloride (VC) was assessed on rats, induced with phenobarbital and thereafter exposed to 50 000 ppm VC for 5 h. This extremely high dosage of VC warranted the appearance of drastic symptoms of liver injury in the course of 20 h poste...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(81)90043-6
更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary fibrosis is a serious adverse effect of radiotherapy for thoracic tumor, which is believed to be a process that is tightly regulated by the phenotype of the developing Th response after radiation. Here, we will investigate whether CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) prevent radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis b...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.04.009
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:288 BALB/c male mice were allocated to: Group 1-control; Group 2-500 ppm of 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) in the food, with control water; Group 4-500 ppm of 2-AAF in the food and 250 mg/100 ml of vitamin C in the water; and Group 3-control food and 250 mg% of vitamin C in the water. Major histopathologic changes at t...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(80)90136-8
更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exercising volunteers exposed in chambers to as little as 80 ppb O3 for several hours exhibit impaired lung function and irritative lower airway symptoms. Comparable changes occur among children and young adults exposed to summer smog containing O3. Intensity of the response is reproducible but varies widely among ind...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(95)03565-6
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
