The effects of ascorbic acid on the induction of urothelial lesions in mice by 2-acetylaminofluorene.

abstract：:A model of the growing small animal skeleton has been developed. The model accurately reproduces a variety of different kinds of measurements made at different ages in different species, as well as reproducing a precise and detailed series of measurements in the growing guinea pig. Of the multiple mechanisms responsib...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： O'Flaherty EJ

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Crotonaldehyde is an environment pollutant and lipid peroxidation product. Crotonaldehyde produces adverse effects to humans and serves as a risk factor for human pulmonary diseases. Like acrolein and 4-hydroxynonenal, crotonaldehyde seems likely to alter many cell signaling cascades, including inflammatory responses....

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Liu XY,Yang ZH,Pan XJ,Zhu MX,Xie JP

更新日期：2010-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurobehavioral effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at environmental levels of exposure have been reported in cross-sectional and prospective studies in infants and children. However, observations differ for effect spectrum, persistence and effective matrix (cord plasma, maternal plasma or milk). In order to i...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Winneke G,Bucholski A,Heinzow B,Krämer U,Schmidt E,Walkowiak J,Wiener JA,Steingrüber HJ

更新日期：1998-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine whether occupational exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) influences sympathetic nerve activity, serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activities were analyzed in 84 male workers exposed to TCE and 83 male age-matched controls. The workers were exposed to about 22 ppm TCE in air. There were no significant ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Nagaya T,Ishikawa N,Hata H

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neurotoxic, genotoxic and carcinogenic effects of industrial exposure to acrylamide have been studied in animals and humans for more than 30 years. A recent search for the cause of high background levels of acrylamide in industrially unexposed people revealed that it is formed during the frying or baking of foods ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hasegawa K,Miwa S,Tsutsumiuchi K,Taniguchi H,Miwa J

更新日期：2004-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the major dose-limiting toxicities induced by antimicrotubule antitumor agents such as vinca alkaloids and taxanes is peripheral neuropathy. The neurotoxicity of TZT-1027 (a dolastatin 10 derivative antimicrotubule agent) was thus assessed using the animal models for antimicrotubule agent-induced neurotoxicity....

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ogawa T,Mimura Y,Isowa K,Kato H,Mitsuishi M,Toyoshi T,Kuwayama N,Morimoto H,Murakoshi M,Nakayama T

更新日期：2001-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of the cold-receptor TRPM8 by menthol or other tobacco additives can suppress natural defense reactions such as coughing that usually would become effective as involuntary resistance against the inhalation of fumes. In Europe menthol is only regulated as flavor, but can be used as additive as long as no cha...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Paschke M,Tkachenko A,Ackermann K,Hutzler C,Henkler F,Luch A

更新日期：2017-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Two groups of C57BL/6J mice received a single oral dose of 1 nmol/kg 2,3,7,8-[3H]tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) alone or in combination with 300 mumol/kg 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (HxCB). The disposition of TCDD in liver, fat, skin, spleen, lung and blood was studied at days 3, 7, 13 and 34 after dosage. H...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： De Jongh J,DeVito M,Diliberto J,Van den Berg M,Birnbaum L

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cataract is the leading cause of blindness with an estimated 16 million people affected worldwide. d-galactose (d-gal) is a reducing sugar that widely distributed in foodstuffs, and studies show that d-gal could promote cataract formation by damaging nature lens epithelial cells (LECs). However, the underlying mechani...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Xu Y,Li Y,Ma L,Xin G,Wei Z,Zeng Z,Xing Z,Li S,Niu H,Huang W

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlordecone is an organochlorine used in the 1970's as a pesticide in banana plantations. It has a long half-life in the soil and can potentially contaminate humans and animals through food. Chlordecone targets, and mainly accumulates in, the liver, leading to hepatomegaly and neurological signs in mammals. Chlordecon...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Tabet E,Gelu-Simeon M,Genet V,Lamontagne L,Piquet-Pellorce C,Samson M

更新日期：2018-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been a significant evolution in the clinical management of the poisoned patient over the last decade. Interventions that were once the cornerstone of treating the poisoned patient have become passé or have come under intense scrutiny. The advent of evidence-based medicine has forced clinical scientists to re...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Krenzelok EP

更新日期：2002-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a proven animal carcinogen. Occupational cohorts with the highest exposures imply that there is a small risk of all cancers combined, but it is difficult to pinpoint the confounding effect of the main chemicals. Studies after major accidents do not unequivocally confirm th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Tuomisto J,Tuomisto JT

更新日期：2012-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemotherapy resistance represents a major problem for the treatment of patients with lung carcinomas. Parthenolide (PN), a naturally occurring small molecule found in herb feverfew, has been used in clinical treatment. Although its importance in treating the chemotherapy resistance has been shown, the pharmacological...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Xin Y,Yin F,Qi S,Shen L,Xu Y,Luo L,Lan L,Yin Z

更新日期：2013-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Human steroid sulfatase (STS) plays an important role in regulating the formation of biologically active estrogens and may be a promising target for treating estrogen-mediated carcinogenesis. The molecular mechanism of STS gene expression, however, is still not clear. Growth factors are known to increase STS activity ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sung CH,Im HJ,Park N,Kwon Y,Shin S,Ye DJ,Cho NH,Park YS,Choi HK,Kim D,Chun YJ

更新日期：2013-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) were analyzed from peripheral lymphocyte cultures of 8 men and 16 women who had been exposed to environmental cadmium (Cd), and 6 controls. Average Cd concentrations in blood of the Cd-polluted group were 8.9 micrograms/l for men and 10.0 micrograms/l for women. These were no signific...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Nogawa K,Tsuritani I,Yamada Y,Kido T,Honda R,Ishizaki M,Kurihara T

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2001 the SCOOP (SCOOP: Scientific Co-operation on Questions relating to Food) task 3.2.10 "Collection of occurrence data of Fusarium toxins in food and assessment of dietary intake by the population of EU Member States" was established. The task was divided in three subtasks (zearalenone, fumonisins and trichothece...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Schothorst RC,van Egmond HP

更新日期：2004-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Even though compounds of nickel, arsenic, cobalt and cadmium are carcinogenic, their mutagenic potentials are rather weak. In contrast, they exert pronounced comutagenic effects, which may be explained by disturbances of different DNA repair systems. Thus, cobalt, arsenic, nickel and cadmium interfere with base and nu...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hartwig A,Schwerdtle T

更新日期：2002-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of a single i.p. injection of 0, 20, 200, and 1000 microliter/kg carbon tetrachloride on the activity of the hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme system was measured in the rat by a model substrate assay employing lindane (gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane) and by a battery of in vitro enzyme assays. The data in this...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Chadwick RW,Copeland MF,Carlson GP,Trela BA,Most BM

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats given calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CaNa2EDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), dimercaprol, p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS), or d-penicillamine (penicillamine) i.p. for 7 successive days showed a significant decrease in the activity of hepatic microsomal benzphetamine N-demethylase. Th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Dalvi RR,McGowan C,Ademoyero A

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aliesterases (carboxylesterases, EC 3.1.1.1) are serine esterases which may protect acetylcholinesterase during organophosphorus insecticide intoxication by providing alternative phosphorylation sites. Levels of hepatic aliesterase activity were investigated after the intraperitoneal administration of beta-naphthoflav...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Watson AM,Chambers H,Chambers JE

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to gain basic understanding in the ecotoxicity of endocrine disrupting chemicals or EDCs (including natural chemicals and some pharmaceuticals), many international research groups are currently testing these chemicals using aquatic invertebrates. This paper discusses relevant examples to address key questions...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hutchinson TH

更新日期：2002-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Free fatty acids (FFA), commonly elevated in diabetes and obesity, have been shown to impair endothelial functions and cause oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Anthocyanins represent one of the most important and interesting classes of flavonoids and seem to play a role in preventing cardiovascula...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Fratantonio D,Speciale A,Ferrari D,Cristani M,Saija A,Cimino F

更新日期：2015-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The classical way to demonstrate the efficiency of remediation is measuring the reduction of toxic compounds in the environment. Nevertheless, more important is the risk reduction in human health. To determine changing health effects, exposure and bio-effects have to be monitored at time of and during remediation. Kin...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Rolle-Kampczyk UE,Rehwagen M,Franck U,Weiss H,Krumbiegel P,Herbarth O

更新日期：2006-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of a single intravenous (i.v.) injection of cadmium nitrate was investigated in livers of male Wistar rats. A significant increase in liver weight, accompanied by an elevation of total hepatic DNA content was observed. DNA synthesis as measured by the incorporation of [3H]thymidine, was found to be 6 times ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ledda-Columbano GM,Columbano A,Coni PP,Vargiu M,Liguori C,Pani P

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cadmium specifically modify amine metabolism at the central nervous system and pituitary hormone secretions. Thus, the physiological functions controlled by these hormones can be modulated by cadmium. This xenobiotic is associated with deleterious effects on the gonadal function and with changes in the secretory patte...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Lafuente A,Esquifino AI

更新日期：1999-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of methyl mercury chloride (MeHgCl) on the chick sympathetic and sensory dorsal root ganglia was studied in a biological in vitro assay. These cultures were not affected by the addition of MeHg up to a concentration of 2 microM. However, after an addition of 4-5 microM MeHg the capability of the neurons to ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Söderström S,Ebendal T

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are numerous observations of pharmaceuticals (or their metabolites) as contaminants in wastewater, surface water and groundwater. This implies a potential for indirect human exposure to pharmaceuticals via drinking water supplies. Various effect benchmarks may be employed in an evaluation of the significance of ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Webb S,Ternes T,Gibert M,Olejniczak K

更新日期：2003-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The data obtained from in vitro systems utilizing human cells and tissues should form a basic part of the information necessary for risk assessment. The most important thing for such systems is, therefore, to simulate the structures and functions of cells and tissues in the native organ as closely as possible. In desi...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Emura M,Ochiai A,Hirohashi S

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are a group of protein-modifying and nucleotide-polymerizing enzymes able to catalyze the transfer of multiple ADP-ribose units from NAD to substrate proteins. In the human genome, 16 different genes encoding for members of this emerging family of enzymes have been identified. Know...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Meli E,Pangallo M,Baronti R,Chiarugi A,Cozzi A,Pellegrini-Giampietro DE,Moroni F

更新日期：2003-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Bisphenol A (BPA) has one of the highest production volumes of all chemicals worldwide. It has been widely studied because of its endocrine modulating activity. In addition to dietary intake, absorption of BPA via the skin from handling thermal papers is believed to be a relevant route of exposure. We studied BPA expo...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Porras SP,Heinälä M,Santonen T

更新日期：2014-11-04 00:00:00