Abstract:
:Human steroid sulfatase (STS) plays an important role in regulating the formation of biologically active estrogens and may be a promising target for treating estrogen-mediated carcinogenesis. The molecular mechanism of STS gene expression, however, is still not clear. Growth factors are known to increase STS activity but the changes in STS expression have not been completely understood. To determine whether insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II can induce STS gene expression, the effects of IGF-II on STS expression were studied in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed that IGF-II treatment significantly increased the expression of STS mRNA and protein in concentration- and time-dependent manners. To understand the signaling pathway by which IGF-II induces STS gene expression, the effects of specific PI3-kinase/Akt and NF-κB inhibitors were determined. When the cells were treated with IGF-II and PI3-kinase/Akt inhibitors, such as LY294002, wortmannin, or Akt inhibitor IV, STS expression induced by IGF-II was significantly blocked. Moreover, we found that NF-κB inhibitors, such as MG-132, bortezomib, Bay 11-7082 or Nemo binding domain (NBD) binding peptide, also strongly prevented IGF-II from inducing STS gene expression. We assessed whether IGF-II activates STS promoter activity using transient transfection with a luciferase reporter. IGF-II significantly stimulated STS reporter activity. Furthermore, IGF-II induced expression of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) 1 and 3, whereas it reduced estrone sulfotransferase (EST) gene expression, causing enhanced estrone and β-estradiol production. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that IGF-II induces STS expression via a PI3-kinase/Akt-NF-κB signaling pathway in PC-3 cells and may induce estrogen production and estrogen-mediated carcinogenesis.
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Sung CH,Im HJ,Park N,Kwon Y,Shin S,Ye DJ,Cho NH,Park YS,Choi HK,Kim D,Chun YJdoi
10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.09.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-11-25 00:00:00pages
109-15issue
2eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
S0378-4274(13)01313-1journal_volume
223pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The development of efficacious and safe new human pharmaceuticals continues to be highly dependent on well-designed and carefully executed animal toxicology studies. Although the protocols of most toxicology studies now conform to a standard format, careful selection of the most appropriate and relevant laboratory spe...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00263-x
更新日期:1998-12-28 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1994-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Benzene is an occupational and environmental toxicant. The major health concern for humans is acute myelogenous leukemia. To exert its toxic effects, benzene must be metabolized by cytochrome P450 to phenol and subsequently to catechol and hydroquinone. Previous research has implicated CYP2E1 in the metabolism of phen...
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(94)90016-7
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-03-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(91)90141-r
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2005-03-28 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) kinetics were compared in rats before, during and after partial starvation. Food restriction produced a drastic mobilization of the residues stored in the adipose tissue resulting in symptoms of neurotoxicity. The redistribution was reversibl...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00255-0
更新日期:1998-12-28 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.08.018
更新日期:2009-12-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
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更新日期:2002-08-05 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
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更新日期:2019-12-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.11.017
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.12.020
更新日期:2014-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::There are numerous observations of pharmaceuticals (or their metabolites) as contaminants in wastewater, surface water and groundwater. This implies a potential for indirect human exposure to pharmaceuticals via drinking water supplies. Various effect benchmarks may be employed in an evaluation of the significance of ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2003-05-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.04.020
更新日期:2009-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::Mercury is the major component of dental amalgam restorative material, which typically has 50% pure elemental mercury. It is also used in some skin creams, and in the manufacturing of plastic, drugs and fungicides. The present study was designed to investigate the toxicity of methyl mercury (MeHg+) on isolated rat hep...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.04.025
更新日期:2011-07-28 00:00:00
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