Abstract:
:The NLRP3 inflammasome, composed of caspase-1, NLRP3 and ASC, plays a critical role in the clearance of microbial pathogens. Here, we found that the treatment of mouse macrophages with the zinc-containing dithiocarbamate ziram, a widely used fungicide in agriculture, caused a decrease in pro-caspase-1 and NLRP3 levels while not affecting ASC level. Ziram did not affect levels of pro-caspase-1 and NLRP3 mRNA, and no cleavage products of pro-caspase-1 including p10 subunit, which is an autocleavage product of pro-caspase-1, were detected, indicating that the decrease was associated with degradation of these proteins. The decrease was inhibited by SH-type antioxidants, N-acetyl cysteine, dithiothreitol and 2-mercaptoethanol, or a metal chelator EDTA but not by inhibitors of proteasome, lysosomes, autophagy and matrix metalloproteases. Thiram, a comparator for ziram that does not contain zinc, showed a weaker decrease in protein levels. Furthermore, the zinc-containing dithiocarbamate, zinc diethyldithiocarbamate, efficiently decreased the levels of pro-caspase-1 and NLRP3, whereas dithiocarbamates, dimethyldithiocarbamate and diethyldithiocarbamate without zinc, were less active. The organic zinc compound [3,4-toluenedithiolato(2-)]zinc hydrate did not induce a decrease in protein levels. Ziram also inhibited IL-1β production by macrophages in response to lipopolysaccharide and bacterial clearance during Salmonella infection of macrophage cells. These results indicate that ziram causes degradation of pro-caspase-1 and NLRP3 in a zinc- and oxidative property-dependent manner and suggest that exposure to ziram may compromise the clearance of microbial pathogens.
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Muroi M,Tanamoto Kdoi
10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.04.012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-06-15 00:00:00pages
199-205issue
3eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
S0378-4274(15)00148-4journal_volume
235pub_type
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