Acute renal failure enhances the antidotal activity of pralidoxime towards paraoxon-induced respiratory toxicity.

abstract：:Cataract is the leading cause of blindness with an estimated 16 million people affected worldwide. d-galactose (d-gal) is a reducing sugar that widely distributed in foodstuffs, and studies show that d-gal could promote cataract formation by damaging nature lens epithelial cells (LECs). However, the underlying mechani...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Xu Y,Li Y,Ma L,Xin G,Wei Z,Zeng Z,Xing Z,Li S,Niu H,Huang W

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on the transport of two non-metabolizable amino acids, 2-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) and cycloleucine (CL) was studied in chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The herbicide did not exert any direct effect on the AIB transport. However, when the pesticide was in contact with the ce...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Bergesse JR,Rivarola VA,Balegno HF

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relative deposition of inhaled heterodisperse particles of the size of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS, mass median aerodynamic diameter 0.2 micron, geometric standard deviation 1.5) is about the same in the tracheobronchial tree and is lower in the pulmonary region of the rat than in the same regions of humans. ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Oberdörster G,Pott F

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the major dose-limiting toxicities induced by antimicrotubule antitumor agents such as vinca alkaloids and taxanes is peripheral neuropathy. The neurotoxicity of TZT-1027 (a dolastatin 10 derivative antimicrotubule agent) was thus assessed using the animal models for antimicrotubule agent-induced neurotoxicity....

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ogawa T,Mimura Y,Isowa K,Kato H,Mitsuishi M,Toyoshi T,Kuwayama N,Morimoto H,Murakoshi M,Nakayama T

更新日期：2001-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Quality control studies on cotinine measurements following low level environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure are rare. The exposure to ETS was controlled and systematically changed in a series of experiments in a climatic chamber. Healthy nonsmoking volunteers were exposed to ETS simultaneously. The duration and le...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Letzel H,Fischer-Brandies A,Johnson LC,Uberla K,Biber A

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of chlordimeform (CDM) treatment on the hepatic microsomal drug metabolizing enzymes was examined in male and female rats following either acute or repeated treatment. After acute administration of chlordimeform (100 mg/kg, i.p., 1 hour before killing) differential effects were observed in various parameter...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Budris DM,Yim GK,Carlson GP,Schnell RC

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2001 the SCOOP (SCOOP: Scientific Co-operation on Questions relating to Food) task 3.2.10 "Collection of occurrence data of Fusarium toxins in food and assessment of dietary intake by the population of EU Member States" was established. The task was divided in three subtasks (zearalenone, fumonisins and trichothece...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Schothorst RC,van Egmond HP

更新日期：2004-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Acrolein, a potent cilioinhibitor of cigarette smoke was tested on synchronously dividing cultures. Mitosis could be blocked whenever the addition of acrolein was made during the cell cycle but this effect was totally reversible (between 0.06 microgram/ml to 1 microgram/ml). Nucleic acid syntheses were more affected t...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Marano F,Puiseux-Dao S

更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Goniothalamin, a styryllactone, has been shown to induce cytotoxicity via apoptosis in several tumor cell lines. In this study, we have examined the potential role of several genes, which were stably transfected into T-cell lines and which regulate apoptosis in different ways, on goniothalamin-induced cell death. Over...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Inayat-Hussain SH,Wong LT,Chan KM,Rajab NF,Din LB,Harun R,Kizilors A,Saxena N,Mourtada-Maarabouni M,Farzaneh F,Williams GT

更新日期：2009-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:New psychoactive substances (NPS) are an increasing problem in clinical and forensic toxicology. The knowledge of their metabolism is important for toxicological risk assessment and for developing toxicological urine screenings. Considering the huge numbers of NPS annually appearing on the market, metabolism studies s...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Richter LHJ,Maurer HH,Meyer MR

更新日期：2017-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Heart rate (HR) and body core temperature (Tco) were monitored in unanesthetized, unrestrained adult Sprague-Dawley rats following intraperitoneal administration of 0, 10, 30, or 60 mg/kg of the pesticide chlordimeform (CDM). Significant non-dose-related decreases were observed in both HR and Tco in all treated groups...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Watkinson WP,Gordon CJ

更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chloropicrin is an aliphatic volatile nitrate compound that is mainly used as a pesticide. It has several toxic effects in animals and can cause irritating and other health problems in exposed humans. Since the mode of chloropicrin action is poorly understood, the aim of this study was to investigate molecular respons...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pesonen M,Pasanen M,Loikkanen J,Naukkarinen A,Hemmilä M,Seulanto H,Kuitunen T,Vähäkangas K

更新日期：2012-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Inorganic arsenic has strong human carcinogenic potential, but the availability of an animal model to study toxicity is extremely limited. Here, we used the transgenic zebrafish line Tg(k18(2.9):RFP) as an animal model to study arsenite toxicity. This line was chosen because the red fluorescent protein (RFP) is expres...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wang YH,Chen YH,Wu TN,Lin YJ,Tsai HJ

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), a potent environmental procarcinogen, has been shown to cause cell cycle alternation. However, the mechanisms involved in this effect are not well understood yet. Our current results demonstrated that B(a)P exposure led to cell proliferation and a 33.5% increase in S phase cells as well as a 26...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Gao A,Liu B,Shi X,Jia X,Ye M,Jiao S,You B,Huang C

更新日期：2007-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of carbon monoxide (CO) on pulmonary glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity was investigated using the isolated perfused rabbit lung (IPRL) preparation. CO at a concentration of 7.5% did not alter the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with 1,2-epoxy-(p-nitrophenoxy)propane (ENP) in the IPRL. The rate of GS...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Yang CM,Carlson GP

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although fluoride is known to stimulate bone formation, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Recent studies have implicated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as a major signaling cascade in bone biology. Our earlier studies highlighted a probable role of canonical Wnt pathway in bone formation of chronic fluori...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pan L,Shi X,Liu S,Guo X,Zhao M,Cai R,Sun G

更新日期：2014-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The classical way to demonstrate the efficiency of remediation is measuring the reduction of toxic compounds in the environment. Nevertheless, more important is the risk reduction in human health. To determine changing health effects, exposure and bio-effects have to be monitored at time of and during remediation. Kin...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Rolle-Kampczyk UE,Rehwagen M,Franck U,Weiss H,Krumbiegel P,Herbarth O

更新日期：2006-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the major side effects of aminoglycoside antibiotics (AG) is ototoxicity. The authors review the literature revealing many controversies on every aspect of this side-effect. Although epidemiological studies have to face the problem of reliable evaluation techniques, the incidence of cochleo- and vestibulotoxic ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Govaerts PJ,Claes J,van de Heyning PH,Jorens PG,Marquet J,De Broe ME

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of retrospective studies have suggested that choice of anesthetic drugs during surgical tumor resection might affect tumor recurrence/metastasis, or outcome of patients. The recent study showed that volatile anesthetics-based general anesthesia was associated with the worse outcomes than intravenous anestheti...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Tazawa K,Koutsogiannaki S,Chamberlain M,Yuki K

更新日期：2017-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative stress has been pointed as an important molecular mechanism for liver injury in methylmercury (MeHg) poisoning. Ebselen, a seleno-organic compound that possesses anti-oxidant properties, is a useful therapeutic agent used in clinical situations involving oxidative stress. Here, we examined the possible in vi...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Farina M,Soares FA,Zeni G,Souza DO,Rocha JB

更新日期：2004-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Cultured human proximal tubule cell monolayers maintained on permeable supports were treated simultaneously with the aminoglycoside antibiotic, gentamicin, and poly-L-aspartic acid (PAA), an inhibitor of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity. Following 4 days of exposure, cell monolayers were placed into Ussing chambers to al...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Todd JH,Hottendorf GH

更新日期：1997-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Aminoglycoside antibiotics play an integral role in antimicrobial chemotherapy. Unfortunately, these drugs are known to cause nephrotoxicity in man and experimental animals. In fact, the incidence of renal dysfunction during the course of clinical treatment with aminoglycoside antibiotics is approximately 10%. Over th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kacew S,Bergeron MG

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was conducted to evaluate whether vitamin C (VC) was associated with total antioxidant status (TAS) in human plasma and to determine the usefulness of VC on TAS in the treatment of patients with paraquat poisoning. VC and TAS were measured in 56 healthy subjects. Then, various concentrations (1-100 mg/dl) o...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hong SY,Hwang KY,Lee EY,Eun SW,Cho SR,Han CS,Park YH,Chang SK

更新日期：2002-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of flavoglaucin from Aspergillus chevalieri (Mangin) Thom et Church on mitochondrial reactions have been investigated to obtain insight into the mode of actions on biomembranes by means of isolated rat liver mitochondria. It was found that flavoglaucin exhibited a strong uncoupling effect on oxidative phos...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kawai K,Mori H,Kitamura J

更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Risk assessment of xenobiotics is a qualitative and quantitative assessment of toxic properties conventionally based on data resulting from tests in animals exposed to the substance. The assessment of dose-effect relationship includes evaluation of exposure at the site of action. More recently, emphasis is put on unde...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Heinrich-Hirsch B,Madle S,Oberemm A,Gundert-Remy U

更新日期：2001-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The NLRP3 inflammasome, composed of caspase-1, NLRP3 and ASC, plays a critical role in the clearance of microbial pathogens. Here, we found that the treatment of mouse macrophages with the zinc-containing dithiocarbamate ziram, a widely used fungicide in agriculture, caused a decrease in pro-caspase-1 and NLRP3 levels...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Muroi M,Tanamoto K

更新日期：2015-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A toxicogenomics approach was applied to assess the usefulness of the mouse cytotoxic T cell line CTLL-2 for in vitro immunotoxicity testing. CTLL-2 cells were exposed for 6 h to two model immunotoxic compounds: (1) the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON, 1 and 2 μM), a ribotoxic stress inducer, and (2) the organotin compo...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Schmeits PC,Volger OL,Zandvliet ET,van Loveren H,Peijnenburg AA,Hendriksen PJ

更新日期：2013-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Cadmium (Cd) has been reported to induce hypertension in both humans and animals; however, its mechanism has not been clearly elucidated. Vascular tone is one of the factors contributing to hypertension. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Cd exposure on vascular muscarinic receptor responses to ace...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Yoopan N,Watcharasit P,Wongsawatkul O,Piyachaturawat P,Satayavivad J

更新日期：2008-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Fusarenon-X (FX), a type B trichothecene mycotoxin, is mainly produced by Fusarium crookwellense, which occurs naturally in agricultural commodities, such as wheat and barley. FX has been shown to exert a variety of toxic effects on multiple targets in vitro. However, the embryonic toxicity of FX in vivo remains uncle...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sutjarit S,Nakayama SM,Ikenaka Y,Ishizuka M,Banlunara W,Rerkamnuaychoke W,Kumagai S,Poapolathep A

更新日期：2014-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanisms of zinc (Zn) toxicity are incompletely understood and data regarding potential endocrine alterations in Zn toxicity are scarce. To examine mechanisms of Zn toxicity, day-old chicks were pair-fed diets containing 5280 ppm (Hz) or 73 ppm (CON) Zn. Impaired postnatal growth, independent of feed consumption, an...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Dean CE,Hargis BM,Hargis PS

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00