Abstract:
:The relative deposition of inhaled heterodisperse particles of the size of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS, mass median aerodynamic diameter 0.2 micron, geometric standard deviation 1.5) is about the same in the tracheobronchial tree and is lower in the pulmonary region of the rat than in the same regions of humans. However, model calculations show that per cm2 of surface area the deposition rate of ETS particle mass shows a doubling in rats as compared to humans in the transitional zone of the lung, i.e., airway generations 16-20. Within the human airways, mainstream smoke particles are deposited to a higher degree in generations 2-5 than in the transitional zone, whereas the opposite applies to ETS particles. Significantly higher pulmonary retention in man than in rats of inhaled ETS particles and their constituents (e.g. cadmium) leads to additional differences in the dose accumulating in the lung over time. Such differences in deposition and retention characteristics of inhaled ETS have to be considered when extrapolating results from rat studies to humans.
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Oberdörster G,Pott Fdoi
10.1016/0378-4274(87)90093-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-01-01 00:00:00pages
107-12issue
1eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
0378-4274(87)90093-2journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) has a salutary effect on hemorrhagic, traumatic and endotoxic shock. The role of FDP on compound 48/80-induced shock was therefore investigated. Sprague Dawley aged male rats (448+/-7.4 gm body weight) were randomly assigned into three groups and treated intraperitoneally with diphenhydr...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
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更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.01.006
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.03.031
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(99)00131-9
更新日期:1999-10-29 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-09-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2010-05-04 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-06-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2002-03-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2002-10-05 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(95)03306-8
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(90)90226-c
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To help minimize errors and confusion in the scientific literature, a few principles can be followed. The original intent and hypothesis of each study should be made clear, and deviations from the initial purpose should be stated. The hypothesis-testing portions of the research need to be clearly differentiated from t...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(95)03554-0
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultured human proximal tubule cell monolayers maintained on permeable supports were treated simultaneously with the aminoglycoside antibiotic, gentamicin, and poly-L-aspartic acid (PAA), an inhibitor of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity. Following 4 days of exposure, cell monolayers were placed into Ussing chambers to al...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(96)03858-1
更新日期:1997-02-07 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
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更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposition to cadmium (Cd) has been linked to bone metabolism alterations and occurrence of osteoporosis. Despite its known renal toxicity which indirectly disrupts bone metabolism through impairment of vitamin D synthesis, increasing evidence argues for the direct action of Cd on bone-forming osteoblasts. Indeed, acc...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.10.006
更新日期:2012-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::The tissue redistribution of accumulated 2,3,7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) during infection was studied in adult male A/J mice using a common human virus coxsackievirus B3. Before infection (day 1), all mice were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 1 microCi 3H-TCDD, corresponding to 0.5 microg TCDD kg(-1...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(00)00217-4
更新日期:2000-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term excessive intake of fluoride (F) could lead to chronic fluorosis. To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, present study is designed to elucidate the effect of fluoride on proteome expression of bone in sodium fluoride (NaF)-treated SD rats. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to determine t...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.04.006
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditional gold mining, using metallic mercury (Hg(0)) to form gold amalgam, followed by burning to remove the Hg(0), is widely used in South America, Africa and Asia. The gold is sold to merchants who burn it again to eliminate remaining Hg(0). In Ecuador, 200 gold miners, 37 gold merchants and 72 referents were stu...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.09.006
更新日期:2012-08-13 00:00:00
abstract::Methylmercury (MeHg) is an environmental toxicant, while mercuric sulfide (HgS) is a main active component of cinnabar, a Chinese mineral medicine used as a sedative. Because the neurotoxicological effects of HgS were not clearly understood, in this study, we attempted to compare HgS with MeHg in various physiological...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.12.006
更新日期:2007-03-08 00:00:00
abstract::The assessment of human exposure to chemicals present in the diet is a rapidly developing discipline. The formulation of the "risk analysis paradigm" by the Codex Alimentarius Commission in 1994 defined the exposure assessment as an essential step of the risk assessment process. This has re-enforced demands to those j...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2003-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::The handling of elemental gallium is not thought to be harmful, but this assumption does not consider metal coordination which readily occurs in physiological fluids. The aim of this work was to determine Ga(III) coordination behaviour in simple solutions and assess the effects of complex formation upon skin permeatio...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.01.017
更新日期:2011-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated i.p. with different doses of bromobenzene (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 mmol/kg) in corn oil for 4 weeks. The animals were killed 24 h after the end of the treatment for hepatic drug metabolism studies. A significant induction of the activities of microsomal aniline hydroxylase (51%) ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(84)90187-5
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, the detrimental effects of high iodine on intelligence are gaining tons of attention, but the relationship between high iodine and neurotoxicity is controversial. This study aimed to explore whether high iodine intake may impair intelligence and the roles of apoptosis and autophagy in high iodine-indu...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.08.020
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00