Abstract：
:Risk assessment of xenobiotics is a qualitative and quantitative assessment of toxic properties conventionally based on data resulting from tests in animals exposed to the substance. The assessment of dose-effect relationship includes evaluation of exposure at the site of action. More recently, emphasis is put on understanding the relationship between exposure at the site of action and the resulting effect, i.e. toxicodynamic. In this respect, results from genotoxicity studies may be a measure for exposure and at the same time of an effect. Results of toxicodynamic endpoints such as binding to receptors or release of hormones have been used when replacing default values for interspecies extrapolation. It may also be envisaged to use toxicodynamic endpoints in order to get an estimate of intraspecies variability. It was demonstrated that this approach may be helpful only if the relationship between the toxicodynamic endpoint and the definite endpoint is known by using the example of bisphenol A. Whereas there are clear effects of bisphenol A in in vitro and ex vivo studies, the classical two generation study has not been able to detect an effect on reproduction and/or fertility. Looking in the future development of toxicodynamic endpoints, gene profiling and the analysis of proteins ('proteomics') may be helpful tools employed in screening and being related to the mode of action are explored for their suitability in terms of toxicodynamic endpoints.
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Heinrich-Hirsch B,Madle S,Oberemm A,Gundert-Remy Udoi
10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00291-0keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-03-31 00:00:00pages
131-41issue
1-3eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
S0378-4274(01)00291-0journal_volume
120pub_type
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更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2015-09-17 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.10.002
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(00)00193-4
更新日期：2000-06-05 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2003-01-31 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2015-01-05 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.10.009
更新日期：2008-01-04 00:00:00
