Abstract:
:Biological monitoring in humans (HBM) is widely used in the field of occupational and environmental health. In the situation of an unexpected release of hazardous materials HBM may contribute to the medical support and treatment of exposed individuals from the general population or of emergency responders. Such exposure information may also be used to respond to individual concerns such as questions about a possible relationship between the chemicals released during the incident and health effects. In The Netherlands a guideline was prepared to support early decision-making about the possible use of HBM for exposure assessment during or as soon as possible following a chemical incident. The application of HBM in such an emergency setting is not much different from situations where HBM is normally used but there are some issues that need extra attention such as the choice of the biomarker, the biological media to be sampled, the time point at which biological samples should be collected, the ethics approval and technical implementation of the study protocol and the interpretation and communication of the study results. These issues addressed in the new guideline will support the use of HBM in the management of chemical disasters.
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Scheepers PT,van Brederode NE,Bos PM,Nijhuis NJ,van de Weerdt RH,van der Woude I,Eggens MLdoi
10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.03.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-12-15 00:00:00pages
295-305issue
3eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
S0378-4274(14)00117-9journal_volume
231pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Ebselen is a seleno-organic compound that causes cell death in several cancer cell types. The mechanisms underlying its deleterious effects have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the effects of ebselen (1 μM-40 μM) on AR42J tumor cells have been examined. Cell viability was studied using AlamarBlue(®) test. Ce...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.07.025
更新日期:2014-09-17 00:00:00
abstract::A multi-unit, dynamic flow, inhalation exposure system which is capable of accommodating 12 mice per unit has been described. Components of the system include a mixing board, one or more glass distributing tubes, and detachable glass chamber tubes. The flow of a specified concentration of test gas exits from the mixin...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(85)90055-4
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the multitude of new chemicals being synthesized and the paucity of long-term test data on chemicals that could be introduced into the environment, innovative approaches must be developed to determine the health and environmental effects of chemicals. Research was conducted to employ quantitative structure-activi...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(95)03365-r
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The structural analogy of paraquat with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) has been implied in the aetiology of Parkinson's disease. The cross-reactivity of MPP+ to a specific antibody to paraquat was assessed by radioimmunoassay and was found to be very low. The results suggest that this polyclonal paraquat antibody ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(90)90238-h
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The color additive, amaranth, was given in the diet to provide dietary levels of 0 (control), 0.03, 0.09 and 0.27%, from 5 weeks of age in F0 generation mice to 9 weeks of age in F1 generation mice, and some reproductive, developmental and behavioral parameters were measured. There was no effect on the parameters of l...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(92)90290-z
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of menadione on activities and expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A subfamily (CYP1A) isozymes in rat hepatic tissue were examined. When rats were treated orally with 15 mg/kg menadione for 4 days, the elevation of hepatic CYP1A1/1A2 specific activities in microsomal preparations was detected with approx...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.10.001
更新日期:2005-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Monitoring of human exposure to persistent organic pollutants POPs and heavy metals have taken place since 1994 in a circumpolar study conducted under the Arctic monitoring and assessment programme (AMAP). The study has confirmed that Arctic populations relying on marine food (Inuit) have an exposure level of POPs and...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(99)00203-9
更新日期:2000-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Work with sub-natural levels of deuterium (D) in animals has demonstrated an anti-cancer effect of low D-concentration in water. Our objective was to investigate whether deuterium-depleted water (DDW) can overturn reverse manganese (Mn)-induced reduction in life span, using the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as a...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.04.014
更新日期:2012-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::The biomedical application of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), such as drug delivery and cancer treatment, requires a clear understanding of their fate and toxicological profile after intravenous administration. In this study, the long-term accumulation and toxicity of intravenously injected SWCNTs in the main...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.07.020
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stable and specific biomacromolecular adducts can be used to measure in vivo doses of reactive compounds. An LC/MS-MS method to measure adducts from the benzo[a]pyrene (BP) metabolite (±)-anti-BP-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide ((±)-anti-BPDE) to His(146) in serum albumin (SA), earlier evaluated on in vitro alkylated human SA, ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.09.019
更新日期:2015-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::Lead (Pb) exposure impairs the nervous system, of which the injury of cognitive development is obvious. But the mechanism of Pb induced disorders of neuro-transmission remain elusive. In this study, primary hippocampal neurons were exposed to Pb at the dosage of 5 μM from days in vitro (DIV) 3 to DIV14 and the electro...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.08.009
更新日期:2018-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) phosphate is a competitive disinfectant with strong antibacterial activity. However, epidemiologists revealed that inhaled PHMG-phosphate may increase the risk of pulmonary fibrosis associated with inflammation, resulting in the deaths of many people, including infants and pregnant w...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.01.005
更新日期:2015-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::The elution profile of urine from rats given 63Ni i.p. using a Sephadex G-25 column was studied to investigate the chemical form and pattern of nickel (Ni) excretion. Ni was excreted probably as a mixture of complexes with chemical constituents of urine (molecular weight 200-250) within 24 h after 63Ni injection. 63Ni...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(80)90064-8
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genotoxicity of cypermethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, has been studied in vivo in mice. Bone marrow chromosome aberrations were not dose, time or route dependent, but most of the results differed significantly from controls except after 6 and 24 h of treatment using the i.p. and s.c. routes, respective...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(88)90058-6
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Olefinic hydrocarbons are metabolized in vivo by cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases to the corresponding epoxides. The maximum in vivo metabolic rate, which is an important toxicokinetic parameter, has been used to define the apparent rate constant (kapp) describing in vivo metabolic reactivity of alkenes. To de...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(94)03174-6
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The test based on measuring the RNA synthesis rate, already described on Hela S3 in culture (Fauris et al., Les colloques de l'INSERM 106 (1981) 455-463), has been adapted to a human hepatoma cell line Hep 3B which retains a certain capacity towards metabolising. These modifications make it easier to point to the pres...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(94)90090-6
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isolated, perfused and ventilated guinea-pig lungs were exposed for 10 min to acid (sulphuric + nitric acid) aerosol mimicking acid rain at pH 4.5 or 2.5, as well as to a control distilled water aerosol (pH 6.0-6.5). Lung perfusing solution was recovered and thromboxane (TX) B2 and leukotriene (LT) B4 were measured by...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(87)90262-1
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxic industrial chemicals are used throughout the world to produce everyday products such as household and commercial cleaners, disinfectants, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, plastics, paper, and fertilizers. These chemicals are produced, stored, and transported in large quantities, which poses a threat to the local civ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.10.010
更新日期:2016-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpene acid, is reported to have inducing activity of hepatic metallothionein (MT) which responsible for the detoxification of heavy metals; however, the mechanism underlying its effects is poorly understood. To further determine the underlying mechanism of UA, this study investiga...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.11.002
更新日期:2005-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The liver, which is the major organ responsible for the metabolism of drugs and toxic chemicals, is also the primary target organ for many toxic chemicals. Increasing evidence has indicated that inflammatory processes are intimately involved in chemical-induced hepatotoxic processes, and like other inflammatory diseas...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00284-3
更新日期:2001-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrethroid insecticide (PYR) is used worldwide in agriculture and for indoor extermination of harmful insects. Urinary PYR metabolites (e.g. 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, 3PBA) have been used as the most sensitive biomarker for environmental PYR exposure since the late 1990s. In this study, we examined the effect of organoph...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.02.016
更新日期:2011-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::This paper compares two methods for global optimization of physiologically based toxicokinetic models: Monte Carlo optimization, which searches randomly for the optimum; and the simplex method, which updates systematically an array of parameter values. Two measures of goodness-of-fit are also contrasted: criterion fun...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(93)90103-5
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the fact that humans are exposed to multiple forms of mercury (elemental, inorganic, and organic), most research on mercury toxicity has focused on methylmercury (MeHg) and on neurotoxic outcomes and mechanisms. Recent work has indicated that the immunotoxic effects of mercury compounds may be significant cont...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.06.015
更新日期:2010-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::The chromosome damage induced by carboplatin (CBDCA) was evaluated in vitro. In human lymphocytes 5 micrograms/ml CBDCA produced a 7-fold increase in the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and a 3-fold increase in the number of cells with structural abnormalities compared with the control. Likewise, at this...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(94)03202-i
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of sodium tellurite 0.1 and 0.4 mg/kg were assessed in the Morris water maze. Two days after treatment rats were tested for acquisition (posttreatment days 3-6) and on seventh day on a spatial retention task. Tellurium treatment was found to cause significant impairment in retention of the spatial learning...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(02)00050-4
更新日期:2002-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::Inhalation of ultrafine particulate matter (PM) in air pollution increases cardiovascular mortality by passing into systemic circulation and possibly affecting endothelial cell (EC) function. This study identified the chemical constituents, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in diesel exhaust particula...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.08.014
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Actinomycin D (ActD) is a well-known cytotoxic chemotherapeutic reagent and the prevention of ActD-induced apoptotic cell death has been an attractive issue for biomedical investigators. Since phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway is essential for cell survival, the present study has examined whether the pr...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.02.006
更新日期:2006-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::The early histologic lesions and sequential changes in the development of mirex-induced cataracts were studied in the offspring of lactating female Sherman rats given oral doses of mirex for 5 consecutive days post partum. The earliest histologic change, seen at neonatal day 7, was slight swelling of the individual co...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(81)90163-6
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vitamin A is widely used in cosmetic preparations. Given that oral Vitamin A and its metabolites present a potential reproductive risk, the present study investigated the effect of topical Vitamin A on human endogenous plasma levels of Vitamin A and its metabolites. METHODS:Two groups of 14 female volunteer...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.09.029
更新日期:2006-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::Guinea pigs could be immunologically sensitised (as shown by the development of antigen-specific homocytotropic antibodies) to toluene diisocyanate by exposing them for 3 h a day for 5 consecutive days to atmospheres containing free chemical. Pulmonary reactions could be elicited in many of the sensitised animals by c...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(88)90089-6
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00