Multiple signal transduction pathways alterations during nerve agent toxicity.

abstract：:The toxic and teratogenic effects of 4 organophosphorus compounds (phenyl saliginen cyclic phosphate (PSCP), leptophos-oxon (LPTO), tri-o-tolyl phosphate (TOTP), and paraoxon (PXN] were investigated in the embryos of 3 species of frogs. Developmental abnormalities were observed in surviving embryos of each of the 3 sp...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Fulton MH,Chambers JE

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fusarenon-X (FX), a type B trichothecene mycotoxin, is mainly produced by Fusarium crookwellense, which occurs naturally in agricultural commodities, such as wheat and barley. FX has been shown to exert a variety of toxic effects on multiple targets in vitro. However, the embryonic toxicity of FX in vivo remains uncle...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sutjarit S,Nakayama SM,Ikenaka Y,Ishizuka M,Banlunara W,Rerkamnuaychoke W,Kumagai S,Poapolathep A

更新日期：2014-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The anesthetic potencies of n-alcohols increase progressively with lengthening of the carbon chain and then disappear at a cut-off point of a longer-chain n-alcohol. In order to assess the mechanisms for cut-off in mammalian central nervous system, the effects of a series of n-alcohols (C(2)-C(11)) were examined on th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Takehana K,Hirota K,Roth SH,Masuda A,Ito Y

更新日期：2000-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Fumonisin B1 (FB1) and beauvericin (BEA) are secondary metabolites of filamentous fungi, which under appropriate temperature and humidity conditions may develop on various foods and feeds. To date few studies have been performed to evaluate the toxicological and endocrine disrupting effects of FB1 and BEA. The present...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Fernández-Blanco C,Frizzell C,Shannon M,Ruiz MJ,Connolly L

更新日期：2016-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:A single s.c. injection of 60 mg/kg of monocrotaline to rats induced pulmonary alterations characterized by hyaline thrombi of capillaries and arterioles, focal necrosis of alveolar walls, and medial thickening and intimal hyalinosis of arteries. Such pathological alterations became apparent 7 days after injection and...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hayashi Y,Kokubo T,Takahashi M,Furukawa F,Otsuka H,Hashimoto K

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are numerous observations of pharmaceuticals (or their metabolites) as contaminants in wastewater, surface water and groundwater. This implies a potential for indirect human exposure to pharmaceuticals via drinking water supplies. Various effect benchmarks may be employed in an evaluation of the significance of ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Webb S,Ternes T,Gibert M,Olejniczak K

更新日期：2003-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Inorganic arsenic (As), the most toxic form of As found in water and food, is considered a human carcinogen. Numerous studies show its systemic toxicity, describing pathologies associated with chronic exposure. The main pathway of exposure to inorganic As is oral, but many of the events that occur during its passage t...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Chiocchetti GM,Vélez D,Devesa V

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicity of benz (e) acephenanthrylene (BeA) has been studied earlier with regard to the carcinogenicity of its metabolites, but its phototogenotoxicity is not well understood. Present study aimed to analyze the photodynamic response of BeA in human skin cell line (A375) under ambient environmental intensity of UV...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ali D,Ray RS,Hans RK

更新日期：2010-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) is a phthalate ester that binds peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) to induce proliferation of peroxisomes and regulate the expression of specific target genes. The question of whether the effect of DEHP on female reproductive processes is mediated via PPARα-dependen...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kawano M,Qin XY,Yoshida M,Fukuda T,Nansai H,Hayashi Y,Nakajima T,Sone H

更新日期：2014-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The involvement of neurotrophins after radiation injury during brain development were studied in pregnant mice (C 57/B1) exposed on gestation day 15 to X-ray doses of 0.02-2 Gy. Nerve growth factor protein (NGF) and different cholinergic markers were investigated on postnatal day 1 (P1) and day 21 (P21); in situ hybri...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Dimberg Y,Vazquez M,Söderström S,Ebendal T

更新日期：1997-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemotherapy resistance represents a major problem for the treatment of patients with lung carcinomas. Parthenolide (PN), a naturally occurring small molecule found in herb feverfew, has been used in clinical treatment. Although its importance in treating the chemotherapy resistance has been shown, the pharmacological...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Xin Y,Yin F,Qi S,Shen L,Xu Y,Luo L,Lan L,Yin Z

更新日期：2013-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The phototoxic potentials of quinolone derivatives and the possibility of free radical contribution to their phototoxicity were investigated by measuring increments in ear thickness. Balb/c mice, fasted overnight, were orally administered ofloxacin (OFLX), lomefloxacin (LMFX), enoxacin (ENX), ciprofloxacin (CPFX) and ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wagai N,Tawara K

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As a recreational drug of abuse and an injectable anesthetic, ketamine has been shown to cause cognitive dysfunction and induce psychotic states. Although the specific mechanism is still unclear, it may be linked to synaptic receptors, including the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Li Y,Ding R,Ren X,Wen G,Dong Z,Yao H,Tan Y,Yu H,Wang X,Zhan X,Yao J,Lu Y,Zhang G,Wu X

更新日期：2019-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Tetrachlorobenzyltoluene (TCBT) (Ugilec 141) was investigated in induction experiments in male and female Wistar rats with long-term (50, 100 and 300 mg/kg p.o. daily for 28 days) and short-term administration (300 mg/kg once and 100 mg/kg daily for 4 days). The increase in total cytochrome P-450 did not exceed the fa...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： von Meyerinck L,Hufnagel B,Schmoldt A,Benthe HF

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies indicated that the enantiomers of thalidomide and its analogue EM12 exhibit differing teratogenic potencies. Unfortunately, these substances proved to be unstable and racemised considerably, so that the intrinsic teratogenic potencies of the pure enantiomers were difficult to elucidate. We have theref...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hauck RS,Nau H

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Grain should be harvested at lowest possible humidity, or immediately dried to safe storage humidity to prevent the growth of fungi. Critical steps of grain harvest like conditions of used combine harvester, temperatures and aeration are discussed on their impact on mycotoxin formation. ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Schrödter R

更新日期：2004-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Considering that the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in the toxicity of various pesticides, this study was designed to investigate the possibility of oxidative stress induction by cypermethrin, a Type II pyrethroid. Either single (170 mg/kg) or repeated (75 mg/kg per day for 5 days) or...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Giray B,Gürbay A,Hincal F

更新日期：2001-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have recently emerged as a new class of anti-cancer agents. Trichostatin A (TSA), a classical HDAC inhibitor, has been demonstrated to induce cell cycle arrest, promote cell apoptosis, and inhibit metastasis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying TSA function has not been fu...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Liu Y,He G,Wang Y,Guan X,Pang X,Zhang B

更新日期：2013-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of linolic acid hydroperoxides (product A) and secondary oxidative products of product A (product B), were examined in an in vivo mid-term test for hepatocarcinogens or hepatopromoters in rats. The number of placental type of glutathione S-transferase (GST-P)-positive foci of the liver was significantly re...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hirose M,Thamavit W,Asamoto M,Osawa T,Ito N

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amiodarone is an effective antidysrhythmic agent, restricted in use by the development of pulmonary toxicity. Several in vivo animal models have been used to study amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity. Intratracheal administration of amiodarone to the hamster has been used as a model for the critical amiodarone-induc...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Leeder RG,Evans CD,Brien JF,Massey TE

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the current HBM-study is to further the understanding of the impact of inter- and intra-individual variability in HBM surveys as it may have implications for the design and interpretation of the study outcomes. As spot samples only provide a snapshot in time of the concentrations of chemicals in an individu...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Smolders R,Koch HM,Moos RK,Cocker J,Jones K,Warren N,Levy L,Bevan R,Hays SM,Aylward LL

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The repeated use of the nerve agent sarin against civilians in Syria in 2013 emphasizes the continuing threat by chemical warfare agents. Multiple studies demonstrated a limited efficacy of standard atropine-oxime treatment in nerve agent poisoning and called for the development of alternative and more effective treat...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Worek F,Thiermann H,Wille T

更新日期：2016-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:288 BALB/c male mice were allocated to: Group 1-control; Group 2-500 ppm of 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) in the food, with control water; Group 4-500 ppm of 2-AAF in the food and 250 mg/100 ml of vitamin C in the water; and Group 3-control food and 250 mg% of vitamin C in the water. Major histopathologic changes at t...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Frith CH,Rule J,Kodell RL

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of sodium tellurite 0.1 and 0.4 mg/kg were assessed in the Morris water maze. Two days after treatment rats were tested for acquisition (posttreatment days 3-6) and on seventh day on a spatial retention task. Tellurium treatment was found to cause significant impairment in retention of the spatial learning...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Widy-Tyszkiewicz E,Piechal A,Gajkowska B,Smiałek M

更新日期：2002-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) has a salutary effect on hemorrhagic, traumatic and endotoxic shock. The role of FDP on compound 48/80-induced shock was therefore investigated. Sprague Dawley aged male rats (448+/-7.4 gm body weight) were randomly assigned into three groups and treated intraperitoneally with diphenhydr...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Figueroa AH,Stone RH,Cohly HH,Lehan PH,Markov AK

更新日期：2001-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Neoangiogenesis and the development of an abnormal angio-architecture in the liver are strongly linked with progressive fibrogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of curcumin to protect liver fibrosis-associated angiogenesis and capillarization of the sinusoids in experimental rats. Liver fibrosis was indu...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Yao Q,Lin Y,Li X,Shen X,Wang J,Tu C

更新日期：2013-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental exposure to the highly persistent chlorinated pesticides including dieldrin and lindane is postulated to be a risk factor to the development of Parkinson's disease, a devastating movement disorder. We have previously reported that the combined treatment with dieldrin and lindane induces a cooperative tox...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sharma H,Hirko AC,King MA,Liu B

更新日期：2018-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemical warfare agents, such as soman, and pesticides, such as chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos or malathion, are toxic organophosphorous compounds (OPCs) that are readily absorbed by the skin. Decontamination using solvents or surfactants may modify the cornified layer - the skin's main barrier against xenobiotic penetratio...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Mircioiu C,Voicu VA,Ionescu M,Miron DS,Radulescu FS,Nicolescu AC

更新日期：2013-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The tobacco smoking habit interferes with the innate host defence system against infections. Recurrent infections accelerated the functional respiratory decline. The present study assessed the effects of ceftaroline on TLR2 and TLR4 and on pro-inflammatory responses in airway epithelial cells (16HBE cell line and prim...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pace E,Ferraro M,Di Vincenzo S,Siena L,Gjomarkaj M

更新日期：2016-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Methoxetamine is one of the constantly growing group of novel psychoactive substances that has emerged in recent years. The compound belongs to the arylcyclohexylamine class, which is used for its recreational and psychedelic effects. Methoxetamine is a structural analogue of ketamine, with a much longer duration of a...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Zawilska JB

更新日期：2014-11-04 00:00:00