Evolution of viral DNA-dependent DNA polymerases.

abstract：:H1 influenza A viruses that were distinct from the classical swine H1 lineage were identified in pigs in Canada in 2003–2004; antigenic and genetic characterization identified the hemagglutinin (HA) as human H1 lineage. The viruses identified in Canadian pigs were human lineage in entirety or double (human–swine) reas...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Vincent AL,Ma W,Lager KM,Gramer MR,Richt JA,Janke BH

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular characterization of Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) isolates from Brazil using the env gene sequences revealed a high conservation of this gene. In most cases the substitutions corresponded to silent transitions. In addition, cystein residues, potential glycosylation sites, neutralization domains and other criti...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Camargos MF,Pereda A,Stancek D,Rocha MA,dos Reis JK,Greiser-Wilke I,Leite RC

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arenaviridae is a worldwide distributed family, of enveloped, single stranded, RNA viruses. The arenaviruses were divided in two major groups (Old World and New World), based on serological properties and genetic data, as well as the geographic distribution. In this study the phylogenetic relationship among the member...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Albariño CG,Posik DM,Ghiringhelli PD,Lozano ME,Romanowski V

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genetic diversity of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) was studied by RT-PCR amplification and sequencing of a 409 bp fragment of the NS5B polymerase region. A total of 106 viruses isolated from 20 countries over a period of 52 years (1945-1997) were included in the phylogenetic study. The results showed that the...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Björklund H,Lowings P,Stadejek T,Vilcek S,Greiser-Wilke I,Paton D,Belák S

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A lamb strain of rotavirus has recently been licensed for use in China as a live vaccine to prevent rotavirus diarrhea in children. As rotavirus NSP4, especially the cytotoxic domain alone is considered to be associated with diarrhea, we sequenced gene segment 10, which encodes NSP4, of lamb rotavirus. Comparative ana...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Mohan KV,Kulkarni S,Glass RI,Zhisheng B,Atreya CD

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cap-independent translations of viral RNAs of enteroviruses and rhinoviruses, cardioviruses and aphthoviruses, hepatitis A and C viruses (HAV and HCV), and pestivirus are initiated by the direct binding of 40S ribosomal subunits to a cis-acting genetic element termed the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) or ribosome...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Le SY,Siddiqui A,Maizel JV Jr

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fourteen infectious bronchitis viruses (IBVs) were isolated in Korea between 2001 and 2003 from chickens suspected to be infected with IBVs. The nucleocapsid (N) protein genes of the various IBVs were amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and were cloned and sequenced, and the nucleotid...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Park JY,Pak SI,Sung HW,Kim JH,Song CS,Lee CW,Kwon HM

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:India is endemic for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and in recent years a unique group within serotype A, carrying a codon deletion at an antigenically critical site in capsid protein VP3 has emerged (VP3(59)-deletion group). This tempted us to analyze the noncoding region, which is an under represented area, though cri...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Mohapatra JK,Sahu A,Barik SK,Sanyal A,Pattnaik B

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The incidence of watermelon chlorotic stunt disease and the molecular characterization of the Jordanian isolate of Watermelon chlorotic stunt virus (WmCSV-[JO]) are described in this study. Symptomatic leaf samples obtained from watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.), melon (Cucumis melo L.), squash (Cucurbita pepo), c...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Al-Musa A,Anfoka G,Al-Abdulat A,Misbeh S,Haj Ahmed F,Otri I

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Kansas/15626/84 (Ka) and Shipping Fever (SF) strains of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV3) replicate less efficiently than human PIV3 (HPIV3) in the upper and lower respiratory tract of rhesus monkeys, and BPIV3 Ka is also highly attenuated in humans and is in clinical trials as a candidate vaccine against ...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Bailly JE,McAuliffe JM,Skiadopoulos MH,Collins PL,Murphy BR

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The first genome of a virus infecting a representative of the eubacterial genus Actinoplanes is presented. Phage phiAsp2 has a circularly permutated chromosome that consists of 58,638 bp; its G/C-bias of 70.39% resembles the hosts G + C-content (71-73% within the genus). A total of 76 open reading frames (orfs) were i...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Jarling M,Bartkowiak K,Pape H,Meinhardt F

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have determined the complete capsid gene sequence of 20 Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs) collected predominantly from outbreaks in the UK between 1989 and 1996. These comprised nine genogroup I and eleven genogroup II strains. Phylogenetic analysis of these and 15 published sequences suggest seven genomic sub-groups wit...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Green J,Vinje J,Gallimore CI,Koopmans M,Hale A,Brown DW,Clegg JC,Chamberlain J

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltMNPV) odv-e25 is 684 bp long, potentially encoding 227 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 24.9 kDa. Homology analysis indicated that SpltMNPV ODV-E25 has 35-65% amino acid identity with that of other known baculoviruses. RT-PCR results revealed that...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Li Z,Pan L,Yu H,Li S,Zhang G,Pang Y

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein 2A is a non-structural protein of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), an important human pathogen that can cause a variety of human diseases. Protein 2A not only participates in viral life cycle, but also regulates host cell functions; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In order to better under...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Zhao T,Huang X,Xia Y

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The S2 glycoprotein and membrane (M) protein genes and S1 glycoprotein and nucleocapsid (N) genes of 11 Korean infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) isolates were amplified by RT-PCR, cloned, and sequenced. The resultant nucleotide sequences were compared with the published sequences for non-Korean IBV strains. Korean IBV...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Song JE,Jeong WG,Sung HW,Kwon HM

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amino acid and phylogenetic analysis showed that PB1-F2 of H7N7 and H3N8 equine influenza virus (EIV) evolved into two and nine clades, respectively. The PB1-F2 gene of H7N7 EIV strains isolated after 1973 was identified as being replaced by that of H3N8 EIV circulating simultaneously. All H7N7 EIV strains before 1973...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Lu G,Guo W,Qi T,Ma J,Zhao S,Tian Z,Pan J,Zhu C,Wang X,Xiang W

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A bovine viral diarrhea disease virus (BVDV) GS-4 was isolated in Western China form dairy cattle with respiratory disease. Genomic comparison analysis with the 5' half genome sequence encompassing the coding region of N(pro), capsid, and envelope glycoproteins showed that the GS-4 should be classified into BVDV-1b1, ...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Gao S,Shao J,Du J,Lin T,Cong G,Zhao F,Chang H,Yin H

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Satsuma dwarf virus (SDV) and two closely related viruses, Citrus mosaic (CiMV), and Naval orange infectious mottling (NIMV), seriously affect citrus varieties grown in Japan and East Asia. All three viruses have icosahedral particles built of two proteins encapsidating two single-stranded genomic RNAs. The natural mo...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Karasev AV,Han SS,Iwanami T

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleic acid and deduced amino acid sequence of the fibre gene of the HNF-61 strain of porcine adenovirus serotype 5 (PAdV-5) was determined and compared to that of the HNF-70 strain of the same serotype (Nagy et al., J Gen Virol 82, 525-529, 2001) and also to adenovirus fibre genes from the genera Mastadenovirus ...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Nagy M,Nagy E,Tuboly T

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has emerged as an important cause of epidemic and sporadic acute viral hepatitis worldwide, which is a major public health challenge. A better understanding of the interaction between the virus and the host cell would be very helpful for its therapy. Swine HEV (SHEV) open reading frame 3 (ORF3)...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Cheng Y,Du L,Shi Q,Jiao H,Zhang X,Hao Y,Rong H,Zhang J,Jia X,Guo S,Kuang W,Zhang H,Chen C,Wang F

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The reasons for adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) treatment failures appear diverse. Few studies have reported full-length hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome in patients with ADV treatment failures. The patients were from a phase III clinical trial that investigated the antiviral response to ADV in China. Seven patients had increa...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Li Y,Zhu M,Guo Y,Chen W,Li G

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have determined the 5' and 3' non-coding regions (NCR) of four dengue-2 viruses isolated from dengue patients with different clinical severities in Nakhon Phanom, Northeastern Thailand in 1993. The results were compared to prototype dengue-2 strains and were found to have highest homology with the New Guinea C stra...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Mangada MN,Igarashi A

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In our transient expression assays, the IE180 and TK promoters were markedly suppressed by the EP0 of the pseudorabies virus strains Ea and Fa (EP0/Ea, EP0/Fa). This is in contrast with the transactivating activity of EP0 from strain YS-81 (EP0/YS-81) in previous studies. Amino acid sequence alignment revealed several...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Guo H,Zhou R,Xi Y,Xiao S,Chen H

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tobacco bushy top disease is caused by tobacco bushy top virus (TBTV, a member of the genus Umbravirus) which is dependent on tobacco vein-distorting virus (TVDV) to act as a helper virus encapsidating TBTV and enabling its transmission by aphids. Isometric virions from diseased tobacco plants were purified and diseas...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Mo XH,Chen ZB,Chen JP

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For millions of years viruses have adapted strategies to interfere with the immune defense of the host, which in turn has to deal with this challenge. In general the antiviral defense remains one step behind the pathogen. To achieve this strategic advantage large DNA-containing Viruses encode cellular homologues that ...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Raftery M,Müller A,Schönrich G

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pandemic H1N1 2009 (pH1N1), influenza virus containing triple reassortant internal genes (TRIG) from avian, human, and swine influenza viruses emerged in 2009 as a highly infectious virus that was able to be transmitted from humans to pigs. During June 2010-May 2012, influenza virus surveillance was conducted in Thai ...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Charoenvisal N,Keawcharoen J,Sreta D,Chaiyawong S,Nonthabenjawan N,Tantawet S,Jittimanee S,Arunorat J,Amonsin A,Thanawongnuwech R

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kenya is one of the high endemic zones for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The consensuses on prevalence of the HBV genotypes and the existence of their variants have not been fully established in Kenya. Hence, there is a need to further monitor the diversity of HBV. This study aimed to extend the current molecular...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Kwange SO,Budambula NL,Kiptoo MK,Okoth F,Ochwoto M,Oduor M,Kimotho JH

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astroviruses (AstV) are associated with enteric and systemic disease in mammals and birds. Astroviruses have received increased attention recently as they have been found to be associated with sporadic neurologic disease in mammals including humans. In pigs, porcine astrovirus (PoAstV) can be widely detected and has b...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Lv SL,Zhang HH,Li JY,Hu WQ,Song YT,Opriessnig T,Xiao CT

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) nonstructural protein 3A plays an important role in viral replication, virulence, and host range. It has been shown that deletions of 10 or 19-20 amino acids in the C-terminal half of 3A attenuate serotype O and C FMDVs, which replicate poorly in bovine cells but normally in por...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Yuan T,Wang H,Li C,Yang D,Zhou G,Yu L

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two ribozyme genes were designed to cut within the VP4 and VP3 sequences of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) Asia1 serotype genome. The two genes were synthesized and cloned into pBluescript under the control of the T3 promoter. The ribozyme designed to cut the VP4 gene contained two catalytic sequences targeted to...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Stram Y,Molad T

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00