Abstract：
:Mammalian B-cell specific somatic hypermutation contributes to affinity maturation of the antibody response. This mutator activity is highly focused on rearranged immunoglobulin variable regions, but the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. In an effort to gain insights into the mechanism of somatic hypermutation, the precise distribution and frequency of mutations upstream of murine immunoglobulin genes was determined by examining the same variable gene segments when mutated in different B-cell lines. Immunoglobulin sequences analysed included kappa light chain transgenes bearing mutated V kappa 24 variable regions, and the endogenous V kappa gene isolated from myeloma MOPC167, which also exhibits mutations in the variable region. In addition, mutated endogenous VH1 gene segments of the S107 heavy chain variable gene family were also examined. For both VH1 and V kappa 24, somatic mutations were generally not found upstream of the leader intron, even in genes which exhibited a high mutation frequency in the variable region itself. The 5' somatic mutation boundary identified in immunoglobulin transgenes overlaps the boundary observed in endogenous genes, suggesting that both share cis-elements required for defining the mutable domain. Furthermore, the location of this 5' boundary appears not to change when these immunoglobulin genes are examined in different cell lines. These data may be indicative of a defined start site for immunoglobulin mutator activity.
journal_name
Mol Immunoljournal_title
Molecular immunologyauthors
Rogerson BJdoi
10.1016/0161-5890(94)90081-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-02-01 00:00:00pages
83-98issue
2eissn
0161-5890issn
1872-9142journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Of the antioxidant/prooxidant mechanisms mediating the regulation of inflammatory mediators, particularly cytokines, oxidative stress-related pathways remain a cornerstone. It is conspicuous that there is a strong association between free radical accumulation (ROS/RNS; oxidative stress) and the evolution of inflammati...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2004.09.029
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The major histocompatibility (MHC) class I antigens are coordinately expressed in most cells. However, some tumors or virus-infected cells lack expression of one MHC class I antigen, while expression of the other MHC class I antigens is unaffected. We previously described the selective expression of MHC class I antige...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(95)00092-5
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibacterial responses have been studied in Atlantic salmon following an acute intra peritoneal injection of a genetically attenuated (aroA(-)) strain of Aeromonas salmonicida known to elicit protective immunity. Three tissues were studied for transcriptional changes, the liver, head kidney and the gill. RNA was coll...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2005.10.007
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report demonstrates that a marker of human embryonic endoderm and embryonal carcinoma cells recognized by a hybridoma antibody FC 10.2, involves Type 1 blood group chains with the sequence Gal beta 1 leads to 3G1cNAc beta 1 leads to 3Gal beta 1 leads to 4G1c. This conclusion has been reached from antigenic analys...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(83)90005-6
更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:TNFα converting enzyme (TACE) is responsible for converting membrane-anchored TNFα to its soluble form in mammalian. However, the function and characteristics of TACE in teleosts is unclear. In this study, we report the cloning of a cDNA sequence of the PaTACE from ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis. PaTACE encodes an 865-aa...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2014.10.010
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A relatively large number of variable region genes (V) contribute, via gene rearrangements with smaller numbers of additional gene elements (D and J), to generate diversity in the immune response. While some VH gene families are thought to contain 100- 1000 members, the VH10 family has only two known functioning membe...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(92)90032-s
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Optineurin (Optn) is an adaptor protein with homology to NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO), the regulatory subunit of the IκB kinase (IKK) complex. Dysregulation of Optn has been linked to neurodegenerative, autoimmune and bone diseases. Optn shares a high degree of homology with NEMO, but is not part of the same high-...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2017.01.027
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cationic antimicrobial peptides play important roles in host defense, linking innate and adaptive immunity. hCAP18, the only human antimicrobial cathelicidin, consists of a conserved N-terminal cathelin-like domain and a C-terminal peptide, LL-37. Expression is regulated during myeloid differentiation, and tightly con...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2007.04.023
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease and currently has no effective therapy. The genome-wide analyses indicate that interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) is associated with the susceptibility of SLE in humans. In the present study, we identified that IRAK1 was ov...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2017.03.018
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immune-mediated glomerular diseases (glomerulonephritis) encompass a heterogeneous collection of diseases that cause inflammation within the glomerulus and other renal compartments with significant morbidity and mortality. In general, CD4+ T cells orchestrate the immune response and play a unique role in autoimmune an...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2018.09.005
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fifth component of the complement cascade, C5a, was iodinated using the Bolton-Hunter reagent. Results from the present study, using the high affinity ligand, [125I]Bolton-Hunter-labeled C5a ([125I]BH-C5a), revealed a single binding site on membranes prepared from human neutrophils, U-937 cells and human monocytes...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(92)90168-w
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two monoclonal antibodies, HH8 and HH9, have been established after immunization of mice with galactosyl-A glycolipid antigen having the terminal structure, Gal beta 1----3GalNAc alpha 1----3[Fuc alpha 1----2]Gal beta 1----R, which is the precursor for type 3 chain A (repetitive A) and type 3 chain H (A-associated H)....
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(88)90068-5
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have examined the properties of soluble guanylate cyclase activity in the human neutrophil. The enzyme showed complex regulation by metal ions. A 10-fold higher activity was observed in the presence of Mn2+ than Mg2+, while Ca2+ caused an increase in activity only in the presence of Mg2+ ion. Sodium nitroprusside (...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(85)90138-5
更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leprosy is a bacterial disease caused by M. leprae. Its clinical spectrum reflects the host's immune response to the M. leprae and provide an ideal model to investigate the host pathogen interaction and immunological dysregulation. Tregs are high in leprosy patients and responsible for immune suppression of the host b...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2017.01.008
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection afflicts over 350 million people worldwide and is a leading cause of hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV replicates noncytopathically in hepatocytes, and most of the hepatic injury is caused by the immune response to the virus. While most studies focused on the adap...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2009.09.022
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) belongs to the Compositae family, and is one of the main causes of allergy in late summer and autumn. The aim of the study was to characterize the allergen Art v 2 from mugwort pollen. Skin prick tests, performed in 19 patients allergic to mugwort and 10 control patients, showed an Art v 2...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2007.04.022
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) is important in innate immune signaling. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are well-characterized PRRs and are pivotal in antiviral and antitumor host defense. TIR domain-containing adaptor molecule 1 (TICAM-1, also called T...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2016.03.010
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:BST-2 (also known as tetherin, CD317, or HM1.24) was first described as a potent interferon-inducible host antiviral factor nearly five years ago. Since that time, numerous reports have been published regarding the antiviral activity and immunological properties of this protein. BST-2 blocks viral replication by inhib...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2012.11.008
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:V(D)J recombination is a mechanism peculiar to the somatic rearrangement of antigen receptor genes. It requires both expression of the RAG-1 and RAG-2 recombinases and accessibility of the substrate to its recombinase and post-cleavage/DNA repair stage. TCR revision is a genetic correction mechanism that changes T cel...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2007.06.153
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A set of 58 overlapping rod-bound peptides was used to map the antigenic reactivity pattern of a 64-residue neurotoxin (AaH II) from the venom of the scorpion Androctonus australis hector. Five anti-toxin rabbit antisera were assayed serially for their capacity to bind to each peptide in the set. Six regions of antige...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(93)90152-2
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) induces phosphorylation of a basic 38,000 mol. wt protein in a human lymphoblastic cell line (Molt 4b) and a human colon carcinoma cell line (HT29). In both cell types, VIP interacts with specific high affinity receptors to activate adenylate cyclase and cAMP-dependent protein kinas...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(89)90010-2
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Egr-1 is an immediate early gene that is rapidly upregulated in response to mitogenic signals induced by antigen receptor crosslinking on murine B lymphocytes. It has been shown that levels of Egr-1 expression are closely correlated with B cell proliferation in several models of B cell activation and tolerance. We com...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(93)90463-l
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The primary immune response against Staphylococcus aureus is mediated by neutrophils. In response to S. aureus and its proteins, neutrophil shows two different kinds of NETosis, viz. suicidal and vesicular NETosis. Glucose is the major energy source of neutrophils for performing NETosis. However, NETosis was found alt...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2020.06.015
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An attempt was made to obtain fragments containing the C gamma 2 region by selectively cleaving human Fc fragments prepared from pooled IgG at Met residues using cyanogen bromide. Based on the known locations of Met residues in the Fc regions of human IgG subclasses, fragments between Met 252 and 358, comprising the C...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(85)90052-5
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Idiotypic-like interactions between mAbs directed against cytidine (Cyd) or guanosine (Guo) nucleosides were characterized. These mAbs, Cyd-1 (IgG2b, kappa), Guo-1 (IgG1, kappa) and Guo-2 (IgG1, kappa) were derived from splenocytes of A/J mice immunized with Cyd-KLH or Guo-KLH and recognized the nucleoside base moieti...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(94)90139-2
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toll-like receptors (TLR) are expressed on the surface or intracellularly by dendritic cells (DC) and recognize specifically different pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Increasing evidence suggests that TLR expressed by DC can cooperate to synergize their functions. Here, we describe the cooperation of T...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2007.02.021
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Placental growth factor (PlGF), a member of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) family, is considered as an important antigen associated with pathological conditions such as cancer cell growth, and metastasis. PlGF-targeting via nanobody (Nb) therefore could be beneficial to modulate these pathologies. In this ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2016.09.012
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An IgGl(lambda) Mot myeloma protein showed a unique susceptibility toward papain digestion. The Fab fragment of Mot was more digestible with papain than the Fc fragment. This phenomenon was found to occur by unusual cleavage of the Fd fragment with papain. Determination of the complete primary structure of the V regio...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(86)90039-8
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Host-derived macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of malaria infection, especially in malarial anemia. Although two Plasmodium parasite-derived MIF orthologs, Plasmodium falciparum MIF and P. berghei MIF were identified recently, the crystal structure and the precise rol...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2009.10.037
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A procedure to quantitate the immunogenic potential of protein antigens is presented. It is hypothesized that the intrinsic immunogenicity of an accessible region on the protein arises from the overall structural effect of the presence of the particular assemblage of amino acid residues in the given region. Structural...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(85)90043-4
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
