Inhibitors of HIV-1 transcription.

abstract：:Improved fluorescence techniques for visualizing proteins in whole bacterial cells have resulted in recent breakthroughs in our understanding of chromosome segregation and cytokinesis in prokaryotes. The dynamics and localization of some of these proteins reveal surprisingly cytoskeletal-like behavior. ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Margolin W

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The assembly of microbial communities within the gastrointestinal tract during early life plays a critical role in immune, endocrine, metabolic, and other host developmental pathways. Environmental insults during this period, such as food insecurity and infections, can disrupt this optimal microbial succession, which ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Robertson RC,Manges AR,Finlay BB,Prendergast AJ

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:If we took all of the single copy genes in all sequenced genomes, made phylogenetic trees from them individually, and then made the supertree of those trees, what would we get? Recently, David Pisani and colleagues did that experiment and their results are likely to spark much discussion. Their prokaryote tree looks v...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Esser C,Martin W

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Passive immunization studies, including a recent one by Pegu et al., have repeatedly shown that HIV-specific broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) protect rhesus macaques from HIV acquisition. In vitro neutralization potency and in vivo protection correlate very strongly, supporting the quest for an HIV vaccine that...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： van Gils MJ,Sanders RW

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A major goal in microbiology is to understand the processes by which bacteria successfully colonize host tissue. Although a wealth of studies focusing on pathogenic microorganisms has revealed much about the rare interactions that result in disease, far less is known about the regulation of the ubiquitous, long-term, ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Ruby EG,McFall-Ngai MJ

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although it is commonly assumed that Darwin had nothing to say about microbes, he did in fact say quite a lot. He included microbes in his Beagle studies of the geographical distribution of organisms and used microscopic organisms as explicit exemplars of how adaptation did not imply increasing complexity. Darwin ofte...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： O'Malley MA

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteriophages are viruses of bacteria that are used for controlling bacterial food-borne pathogens and have been proposed for more extensive usage in infection control. Protists are now recognised to harbour viruses and virus-like particles. We propose that investigation of their prevalence in parasites be intensifie...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Hyman P,Atterbury R,Barrow P

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria have evolved complex regulatory networks to control the activity of transcription and translation, and thus the growth rate, over a range of environmental conditions. Reengineering RNA polymerase and ribosomes allows modifying naturally evolved regulatory networks and thereby profoundly reorganizing the manne...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： de Jong H,Geiselmann J,Ropers D

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Horizontal gene transfer can provide bacteria with new functions that confer an important competitive advantage, and is therefore likely to affect the dynamics of bacterial ecosystems. Two studies by Wolfe et al. and Bonham et al. prepare the way to study this hypothesis in a model ecosystem with reproducible properti...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： van de Guchte M

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent emerging evidence has revealed that regulatory noncoding RNAs (microRNAs, circular RNAs) modulate host-microbe interactions and they have been proposed as potential biomarkers of the host's response to microbiome-linked pathologies such as cancers, obesity, and neurodegenerative diseases. Interactions between m...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Malmuthuge N,Guan LL

更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Strains of Helicobacter pylori from patients with peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer contain a 40-kb fragment of DNA that is not present in isolates from carriers with asymptomatic infections. The discovery of the cag pathogenicity island suggests that virulence has evolved by quantum leaps through the inheritanc...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Covacci A,Falkow S,Berg DE,Rappuoli R

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human virome is the viral component of the microbiome. Its composition, and interindividual and temporal variability are not precisely known. Its impact on human health has received less attention than that of the bacterial microbiome, but is likely to be equally important, both in homeostasis and disease. Here we...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Lecuit M,Eloit M

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA vaccines can induce potent humoral and cellular immune responses without any additional adjuvant. Recent studies indicate that unmethylated CpG dinucleotides within DNA vaccines are immune stimulatory and exert an essential endogenous adjuvant activity. These CpG motifs can be added deliberately to DNA or conventi...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Krieg AM,Yi AK,Schorr J,Davis HL

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are an estimated 10(31) viruses on Earth, most of which are phages that infect bacteria. Metagenomic analyses have shown that environmental viral communities are incredibly diverse. There are an estimated 5000 viral genotypes in 200 liters of seawater and possibly a million different viral genotypes in one kilog...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Breitbart M,Rohwer F

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial motility relies chiefly on the rotation of a molecular propeller, the flagellar filament, which is constructed from the protein flagellin. Here, flagellin sequence conservation and diversity is examined in the light of the recently determined flagellar filament structure. As expected, the surface-exposed dom...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Beatson SA,Minamino T,Pallen MJ

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis C virus populations in infected individuals consist of quasispecies with diverse mutations. These quasispecies have different biological properties, and the analysis of these variants has led to new interpretations of viral persistence, carcinogenesis and resistance to interferon therapy. ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Enomoto N,Sato C

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Knockout mice with distinct gene deletions are valuable tools for in vivo analyses of the immune response against infectious agents. Studies of bacterial and protozoal infections have shown that antimicrobial immunity is generally defective in knockout mice. At one extreme, deletion of just one gene may completely com...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Kaufmann SH,Ladel CH

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two-component systems are characterized by phosphotransfer reactions involving histidine and aspartate residues in highly conserved signalling domains. Although the basic principles of signal transduction by these systems have been elucidated, several important aspects, such as their integration into more complex cell...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Perraud AL,Weiss V,Gross R

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many plant pathogens subvert host immunity by injecting compositionally diverse but functionally similar repertoires of cytoplasmic effector proteins. The bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae is a model for exploring the functional structure of such repertoires. The pangenome of P. syringae encodes 57 families of e...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Lindeberg M,Cunnac S,Collmer A

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fungal growth, development and pathogenicity require hyphal tip growth, which is supported by polar exocytosis at the expanding growth region. It is assumed that molecular motors transport growth supplies along the fibrous elements of the cytoskeleton, such as microtubules, to the hyphal apex. Recent advances in live-...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Steinberg G

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pleiotropic post-transcriptional regulator Hfq is an RNA chaperone that facilitates pairing interactions between small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) and their mRNA targets in several bacteria. However, this classical pattern, derived from the Escherichia coli model, is not applicable to the whole bacterial kingdom. In t...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Jousselin A,Metzinger L,Felden B

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Meningococcal infection remains a worldwide health problem, and understanding the mechanisms by which Neisseria meningitidis evades host innate and acquired immunity is crucial. The complement system is vital for protecting individuals against N. meningitidis. However, this pathogen has evolved several mechanisms to a...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Schneider MC,Exley RM,Ram S,Sim RB,Tang CM

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathogenic Yersinia express a complex array of iron-regulated functions and possess mechanisms for inorganic iron and hemin acquisition. These include a unique temperature-regulated hemin storage system, high-affinity transport processes for hemin and inorganic iron, and an iron-responsive regulatory system controllin...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Perry RD

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Legionella pneumophila secretes over 300 effector proteins that manipulate host cells. This multiplicity of effectors hampers the characterization of their individual roles. Shames et al. report a new approach to solve the enigma of Legionella effector function by using INSeq to analyse effector functions in the conte...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rolando M,Buchrieser C

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The polysaccharide-rich wall, which envelopes the fungal cell, is pivotal to the maintenance of cellular integrity and for the protection of the cell from external aggressors - such as environmental fluxes and during host infection. This review considers the commonalities in the composition of the wall across the fung...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Geoghegan I,Steinberg G,Gurr S

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mycoplasmas are minute wall-less bacterial parasites that exhibit strict host and tissue specificities. They enter, multiply and survive within the host for extended periods by circumventing host defenses. Their intimate interaction with eukaryotic cells, and in some cases the subsequent invasion into or fusion with t...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rottem S,Naot Y

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The existence of peptidoglycan (PG) in chlamydiae has long been debated. Genome sequencing of members of the Chlamydiaceae family and Protochlamydia amoebophila has uncovered a nearly complete pathway for PG synthesis in these organisms. The recent use of microarray and proteomic analysis methods has revealed that PG ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： McCoy AJ,Maurelli AT

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gram-positive bacterial lipoproteins are a functionally diverse and important class of peripheral membrane proteins. Recent advances in molecular biology and the availability of whole genome sequence data have overturned many long-held assumptions about the export and processing of these proteins, most notably the rec...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Hutchings MI,Palmer T,Harrington DJ,Sutcliffe IC

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intestinal epithelial cells secrete a spectrum of chemoattractant and proinflammatory cytokines after invasion by bacteria. We suggest the novel concept that epithelial cells not only act as a mechanical barrier to invasive bacteria, but that they also signal the presence of invasive pathogens to the mucosal immune an...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Eckmann L,Kagnoff MF,Fierer J

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS), which is caused by Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli, is the commonest cause of acute renal failure in childhood. It is widely believed that HUS develops following the release of Stx, an AB5 toxin that inhibits protein synthesis and has a direct toxic effect on the kidney ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Heyderman RS,Soriani M,Hirst TR

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00