Did the inheritance of a pathogenicity island modify the virulence of Helicobacter pylori?

abstract：:Mycobacterium leprae has the capacity to invade the peripheral nervous system and cause neuropathy. The molecular mechanisms responsible have remained unknown until recently. Identification of the endoneurial laminin-2 isoform and its receptor alpha-dystroglycan as neural targets of M. leprae has not only opened up a ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rambukkana A

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Entomopathogenic fungi are attracting attention as potential biological control agents of insect pests. The mechanisms of pathogenesis have parallels with those of some plant-pathogenic fungi, particularly in the areas of formation of an infection structure, entry into the host and toxin-mediated host death. Understan...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Clarkson JM,Charnley AK

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fungus Candida albicans is a benign member of the mucosal microbiota, but can cause mucosal infections and life-threatening disseminated invasive infections in susceptible individuals. The ability to switch between yeast, pseudohyphal, and hyphal growth forms (polymorphism) is one of the most investigated virulenc...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Lu Y,Su C,Liu H

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular pathogens customize the composition and function of the vacuoles they occupy, and can arrest or distort vacuolar maturation. In doubly infected cells, vacuoles that contain two different parasites can be used to test for exclusionary mechanisms, for expression of vacuolar phenotypes that permit or restri...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rabinovitch M,Veras PS

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antifungal drug discovery is starting to benefit from the enormous advances in the genomics field, which have occurred in the past decade. As traditional drug screening on existing targets is not delivering the long-awaited potent antifungals, efforts to use novel genetics and genomics-based strategies to aid in the d...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： De Backer MD,Van Dijck P

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a human malignancy consistently associated with the Epstein-Barr virus. Exposure to non-viral carcinogens and genetic predisposition are other crucial etiologic factors. Tumor development appears to require the expression of a small subset of transforming viral RNAs and proteins with concom...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Busson P,Keryer C,Ooka T,Corbex M

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:If we took all of the single copy genes in all sequenced genomes, made phylogenetic trees from them individually, and then made the supertree of those trees, what would we get? Recently, David Pisani and colleagues did that experiment and their results are likely to spark much discussion. Their prokaryote tree looks v...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Esser C,Martin W

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is usually assumed that most prokaryotes, when given appropriate nutrients, can grow and divide in the absence of other cells of the same species. However, recent studies have suggested that, for growth, prokaryotes need to communicate with each other using signalling molecules, and a variety of 'eukaryotic' hormon...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Kaprelyants AS,Kell DB

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new genetic locus mediating avirulence in the potato late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans has been discovered. The Avr3b-Avr10-Avr11 locus is recognized by three different potato resistance genes, and is different from other Avr loci that have been identified thus far. This locus encodes a large protein with ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Qutob D,Tedman-Jones J,Gijzen M

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The health of tens of millions of people world-wide is at risk from drinking arsenic-contaminated well water. In most cases this arsenic occurs naturally within the sub-surface aquifers, rather than being derived from identifiable point sources of pollution. The mobilization of arsenic into the aqueous phase is the fi...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Oremland RS,Stolz JF

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ubiquitin-26S proteasome degradation system (UPS) plays a pivotal role in almost all aspects of plant life, including defending against pathogens. Although the proteasome is important for plant immunity, it has been found to be also exploited by pathogens using effectors to increase their virulence. Recent work on...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Dudler R

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Legionella pneumophila secretes over 300 effector proteins that manipulate host cells. This multiplicity of effectors hampers the characterization of their individual roles. Shames et al. report a new approach to solve the enigma of Legionella effector function by using INSeq to analyse effector functions in the conte...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rolando M,Buchrieser C

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial pathogens are dependent on virulence factors to efficiently colonize and propagate within their hosts. Many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens rely on specialized proteinaceous secretion systems that inject virulence factors, termed effectors, directly into host cells. These bacterial effector proteins perfor...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Shames SR,Finlay BB

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxin production clearly contributes to the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus, but that does not mean it is always in the best interest of the pathogen. Indeed, the ability to limit toxin production may provide an important mechanism for persistence, dissemination, and development of invasive disease within an ind...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Smeltzer MS

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbial dormancy is a widespread phenomenon employed by bacteria to evade environmental threats including antibiotics. This intrinsic mechanism of antibiotic tolerance has drawn special attention to the role of dormancy in human disease, particularly in regards to recurrent infections. Two dormancy states, the viabl...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Ayrapetyan M,Williams TC,Oliver JD

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:No curative drug against HIV has yet been found, despite enormous efforts aimed at reverse transcriptase and a variety of other targets. The long terminal repeat (LTR) of HIV-1 has recently become a promising site for antiviral action. This article briefly summarizes information on the nature of this target and potent...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Li CJ,Dezube BJ,Biswas DK,Ahlers CM,Pardee AB

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMMs) are a family of proteins that are defined by the presence of two adjacent IgG-like folded subdomains. These promote binding to ligands by mechanisms that involve major conformational changes exemplified by the binding to fibrinogen by th...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Foster TJ

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent American successes against poliomyelitis and measles have been attributed to repeated 'pulse' vaccination campaigns. Whilst logistic and economic constraints will be crucial, a deeper epidemiological understanding of the mechanism, strengths and weaknesses of pulse vaccination will optimize the chances of succe...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Nokes DJ,Swinton J

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial type IV pilus (T4P) is a versatile molecular machine with a broad range of functions. Recent advances revealed that the molecular components and the biophysical properties of the machine are well conserved among phylogenetically distant bacterial species. However, its functions are diverse, and include a...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Maier B,Wong GCL

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of quality control mechanisms to stall developmental pathways or completely remove defective cells from a population is a widespread strategy to ensure the integrity of morphogenetic programs. Endospore formation (sporulation) is a well conserved microbial developmental strategy in the Firmicutes phylum wherei...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Decker AR,Ramamurthi KS

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria use type IV secretion systems (T4SS) to translocate macromolecular substrates destined for bacterial, plant or human target cells. The T4SS are medically important, contributing to virulence-gene spread, genome plasticity and the alteration of host cellular processes during infection. The T4SS are ancestrally...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Ding Z,Atmakuri K,Christie PJ

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, a new group of multicellular microorganisms was discovered, called 'cable bacteria', which are capable of generating and mediating electrical currents across centimetre-scale distances. By transporting electrons from cell to cell, cable bacteria can harvest electron donors and electron acceptors that are wid...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Meysman FJR

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent emerging evidence has revealed that regulatory noncoding RNAs (microRNAs, circular RNAs) modulate host-microbe interactions and they have been proposed as potential biomarkers of the host's response to microbiome-linked pathologies such as cancers, obesity, and neurodegenerative diseases. Interactions between m...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Malmuthuge N,Guan LL

更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The recognition of bacterial asymmetry is not new: the first high-resolution microscopy studies revealed that bacteria come in a multitude of shapes and sometimes carry asymmetrically localized external structures such as flagella on the cell surface. Even so, the idea that bacteria could have an inherent overall pola...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Ebersbach G,Jacobs-Wagner C

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A holistic approach to understanding the mechanisms by which stress influences the pathogenesis of infectious disease has resulted in the development of the field of microbial endocrinology. This transdisciplinary field represents the intersection of microbiology with mammalian endocrinology and neurophysiology, and i...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Freestone PP,Sandrini SM,Haigh RD,Lyte M

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Barriers to chromosomal gene transfer between bacterial species control their genetic isolation. These barriers, such as different microhabitats, the host ranges of genetic exchange vectors and restriction-modification systems, limit gene exchange, but the major limitation is genomic sequence divergence. The mismatch-...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Matic I,Taddei F,Radman M

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human influenza viruses cause regular epidemics and occasional pandemics with a substantial public health burden. Household transmission studies have provided valuable information on the dynamics of influenza transmission. We reviewed published studies and found that once one household member is infected with influenz...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Tsang TK,Lau LLH,Cauchemez S,Cowling BJ

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dramatic clinical manifestations of toxigenic infections such as cholera and diphtheria occur without substantial bacterial invasion. Disease is mediated by the secretion of potent toxins that use ADP-ribosylation as the catalytic mechanism underlying their action. ADP-ribosylating toxins comprise a large family, ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Lesnick ML,Guiney DG

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many plant pathogens subvert host immunity by injecting compositionally diverse but functionally similar repertoires of cytoplasmic effector proteins. The bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae is a model for exploring the functional structure of such repertoires. The pangenome of P. syringae encodes 57 families of e...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Lindeberg M,Cunnac S,Collmer A

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phloem transport of endogenous macromolecules and plant viruses remains poorly understood. Selective movement into and out of the phloem is tightly regulated, yet the mechanisms governing this selectivity have not been elucidated. Recent advances in identifying nonviral proteins and nucleic acids with the capacity for...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Santa Cruz S

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00