The best defense is a good offense--Salmonella deploys an ADP-ribosylating toxin.

Abstract:

:The dramatic clinical manifestations of toxigenic infections such as cholera and diphtheria occur without substantial bacterial invasion. Disease is mediated by the secretion of potent toxins that use ADP-ribosylation as the catalytic mechanism underlying their action. ADP-ribosylating toxins comprise a large family, including the cholera, diphtheria, pertussis and Escherichia coli heat-labile (LT) toxins, and all produce disease by altering key metabolic processes after transfer of an ADP-ribose moiety from NAD to specific host-cell target proteins. A new paradigm implicating ADP-ribosylation during intracellular pathogenesis is beginning to emerge from recent research in Salmonella.

journal_name

Trends Microbiol

journal_title

Trends in microbiology

authors

Lesnick ML,Guiney DG

doi

10.1016/s0966-842x(00)01902-8

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2001-01-01 00:00:00

pages

2-4; discussion 4-5

issue

1

eissn

0966-842X

issn

1878-4380

pii

S0966-842X(00)01902-8

journal_volume

9

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • Type III secretion à la Chlamydia.

    abstract::Type III secretion (T3S) is a mechanism that is central to the biology of the Chlamydiaceae and many other pathogens whose virulence depends on the translocation of toxic effector proteins to cytosolic targets within infected eukaryotic cells. Biomathematical simulations, using a previously described model of contact-...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2007.04.005

    authors: Peters J,Wilson DP,Myers G,Timms P,Bavoil PM

    更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00

  • Building Walls: Work That Never Ends.

    abstract::Fluorescent amino acid analogs have proven to be useful tools for studying the dynamics of peptidoglycan metabolism. García-Heredia and colleagues showed that their route of incorporation differs depending on the adjunct fluorophore and applied this property to investigate mycobacterial peptidoglycan synthesis and rem...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 评论,杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2018.11.006

    authors: Botella H,Vaubourgeix J

    更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00

  • Comparative genomics and the evolution of prokaryotes.

    abstract::Although biologists have long recognized the importance of studying evolution to understand the organization of living organisms, only with the development of genomics have evolutionary studies become part of their routine toolkit. Placing genomes into an evolutionary framework has proved useful for understanding the ...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2007.01.007

    authors: Abby S,Daubin V

    更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00

  • Here a virus, there a virus, everywhere the same virus?

    abstract::There are an estimated 10(31) viruses on Earth, most of which are phages that infect bacteria. Metagenomic analyses have shown that environmental viral communities are incredibly diverse. There are an estimated 5000 viral genotypes in 200 liters of seawater and possibly a million different viral genotypes in one kilog...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2005.04.003

    authors: Breitbart M,Rohwer F

    更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00

  • Oxygen-utilizing reactions and symbiotic colonization of the squid light organ by Vibrio fischeri.

    abstract::A major goal in microbiology is to understand the processes by which bacteria successfully colonize host tissue. Although a wealth of studies focusing on pathogenic microorganisms has revealed much about the rare interactions that result in disease, far less is known about the regulation of the ubiquitous, long-term, ...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0966-842x(99)01588-7

    authors: Ruby EG,McFall-Ngai MJ

    更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00

  • The search for the fungal tree of life.

    abstract::The Fungi comprise a diverse kingdom of eukaryotes that are characterized by a typically filamentous but sometimes unicellular vegetative form, and heterotrophic, absorptive nutrition. Their simple morphologies and variable ecological strategies have confounded efforts to elucidate their limits, phylogenetic relations...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2009.08.001

    authors: McLaughlin DJ,Hibbett DS,Lutzoni F,Spatafora JW,Vilgalys R

    更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00

  • Contribution of the Mucosal Microbiota to Bovine Respiratory Health.

    abstract::Recognizing the respiratory tract as a dynamic and complex ecosystem has enhanced our understanding of the pathophysiology of bovine respiratory disease (BRD). There is widespread evidence showing that disease-predisposing factors often disrupt the respiratory microbial ecosystem, provoking atypical colonization patte...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2019.04.005

    authors: Zeineldin M,Lowe J,Aldridge B

    更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00

  • Intestinal epithelial cells as watchdogs for the natural immune system.

    abstract::Intestinal epithelial cells secrete a spectrum of chemoattractant and proinflammatory cytokines after invasion by bacteria. We suggest the novel concept that epithelial cells not only act as a mechanical barrier to invasive bacteria, but that they also signal the presence of invasive pathogens to the mucosal immune an...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0966-842x(00)88894-0

    authors: Eckmann L,Kagnoff MF,Fierer J

    更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00

  • Bridging the gap between viable but non-culturable and antibiotic persistent bacteria.

    abstract::Microbial dormancy is a widespread phenomenon employed by bacteria to evade environmental threats including antibiotics. This intrinsic mechanism of antibiotic tolerance has drawn special attention to the role of dormancy in human disease, particularly in regards to recurrent infections. Two dormancy states, the viabl...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2014.09.004

    authors: Ayrapetyan M,Williams TC,Oliver JD

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00

  • Mechanisms of retroviral mutation.

    abstract::Retroviruses, like other RNA viruses, mutate at very high rates (0.05-1 mutations per genome per replication cycle) and exist as complex genetically heterogeneous populations ('quasispecies') that are ever changing. De novo mutations are generated by inherently error-prone steps in the retroviral life cycle that intro...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/0966-842x(96)81500-9

    authors: Preston BD,Dougherty JP

    更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00

  • Variation in bacterial flagellins: from sequence to structure.

    abstract::Bacterial motility relies chiefly on the rotation of a molecular propeller, the flagellar filament, which is constructed from the protein flagellin. Here, flagellin sequence conservation and diversity is examined in the light of the recently determined flagellar filament structure. As expected, the surface-exposed dom...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2006.02.008

    authors: Beatson SA,Minamino T,Pallen MJ

    更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00

  • Science denial: a guide for scientists.

    abstract::Evolution, climate change, and vaccination: in these cases and more, scientists, policymakers, and educators are confronted by organized campaigns to spread doubt, denial, and rejection of the scientific community's consensus on central scientific principles. To overcome these threats, scientists not only need to spre...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2012.10.002

    authors: Rosenau J

    更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00

  • Electricity-producing bacterial communities in microbial fuel cells.

    abstract::Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are not yet commercialized but they show great promise as a method of water treatment and as power sources for environmental sensors. The power produced by these systems is currently limited, primarily by high internal (ohmic) resistance. However, improvements in the system architecture wil...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2006.10.003

    authors: Logan BE,Regan JM

    更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00

  • The Emerging Roles of STING in Bacterial Infections.

    abstract::The STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) protein connects microorganism cytosolic sensing with effector functions of the host cell by sensing directly cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs), originating from pathogens or from the host upon DNA recognition. Although STING activation favors effective immune responses against vir...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2017.05.008

    authors: Marinho FV,Benmerzoug S,Oliveira SC,Ryffel B,Quesniaux VFJ

    更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00

  • The LCR of EBV makes Burkitt's lymphoma endemic.

    abstract::The spectacular ability of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to immortalize and morphologically transform human B cells in vitro to lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) is central to most molecular models of viral oncogenesis. However, binding of transcription factor and oncoprotein c-Myc to the major locus control region (LCR) of...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2004.09.006

    authors: Niller HH,Salamon D,Banati F,Schwarzmann F,Wolf H,Minarovits J

    更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00

  • Fungal Pathogens: Shape-Shifting Invaders.

    abstract::Fungal infections are on the rise due to new medical procedures that have increased the number of immune compromised patients, antibacterial antibiotics that disrupt the microbiome, and increased use of indwelling medical devices that provide sites for biofilm formation. Key to understanding the mechanisms of pathogen...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2020.05.001

    authors: Min K,Neiman AM,Konopka JB

    更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00

  • Arsenic, microbes and contaminated aquifers.

    abstract::The health of tens of millions of people world-wide is at risk from drinking arsenic-contaminated well water. In most cases this arsenic occurs naturally within the sub-surface aquifers, rather than being derived from identifiable point sources of pollution. The mobilization of arsenic into the aqueous phase is the fi...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2004.12.002

    authors: Oremland RS,Stolz JF

    更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00

  • p53 and tumour viruses: catching the guardian off-guard.

    abstract::Oncogenic viruses have evolved direct and indirect mechanisms to overcome the tumour suppressor p53. Fortunately, tumour development is limited by the narrow cell tropisms of the viruses concerned and the host immune response. However, such viruses are helping to elucidate the p53 response pathway and may play a futur...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/S0966-842X(96)10083-4

    authors: Neil JC,Cameron ER,Baxter EW

    更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00

  • Protein identification and expression analysis using mass spectrometry.

    abstract::The identification and quantification of the proteins that a whole organism expresses under certain conditions is a main focus of high-throughput proteomics. Advanced proteomics approaches generate new biologically relevant data and potent hypotheses. A practical report of what proteome studies can and cannot accompli...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2006.03.005

    authors: Kolker E,Higdon R,Hogan JM

    更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00

  • Epidemiology of tetracycline-resistance determinants.

    abstract::Resistance to tetracycline is generally due either to energy-dependent efflux of tetracycline or to protection of the bacterial ribosomes from the action of tetracycline. The genes that encode this resistance are normally acquired via transferable plasmids and/or transposons. Tet determinants have been found in a wide...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0966-842x(94)90610-6

    authors: Roberts MC

    更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00

  • Interactions between Neisseria meningitidis and the complement system.

    abstract::Meningococcal infection remains a worldwide health problem, and understanding the mechanisms by which Neisseria meningitidis evades host innate and acquired immunity is crucial. The complement system is vital for protecting individuals against N. meningitidis. However, this pathogen has evolved several mechanisms to a...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2007.03.005

    authors: Schneider MC,Exley RM,Ram S,Sim RB,Tang CM

    更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00

  • Sex-biased Immune Responses Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

    abstract::Males are disproportionately affected by severe disease and death from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In their recent article, Takahashi et al. found sex differences in immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and the predictors of disease progression. These findings contribute to elucid...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 评论,杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2020.10.002

    authors: Ursin RL,Shapiro JR,Klein SL

    更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00

  • Cholesterol catabolism as a therapeutic target in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

    abstract::Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an intracellular pathogen that infects 10 million people worldwide and kills 2 million people every year. The uptake and utilization of nutrients by Mtb within the host cell is still poorly understood, although lipids play an important role in Mtb persistence. The recent identificat...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2011.07.009

    authors: Ouellet H,Johnston JB,de Montellano PR

    更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00

  • The human virome: new tools and concepts.

    abstract::The human virome is the viral component of the microbiome. Its composition, and interindividual and temporal variability are not precisely known. Its impact on human health has received less attention than that of the bacterial microbiome, but is likely to be equally important, both in homeostasis and disease. Here we...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2013.07.001

    authors: Lecuit M,Eloit M

    更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00

  • HTLV-1 infection: what determines the risk of inflammatory disease?

    abstract::Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is an exogenous retrovirus that persists lifelong in the infected host. Infection has been linked to a spectrum of diverse diseases: adult T cell leukemia, encephalomyelopathy, and predisposition to opportunistic bacterial and helminth infections. Applications of new technolo...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2012.07.004

    authors: Tattermusch S,Bangham CR

    更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00

  • How does Cryptococcus get its coat?

    abstract::During the past few decades, increasing attention has focused on pathogenic fungi both as fascinating research subjects and as the agents of serious illness in diverse patient populations. In particular, opportunistic fungi such as Cryptococcus neoformans command notice as the ranks of their immunocompromised victims ...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0966-842x(00)01890-4

    authors: Doering TL

    更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00

  • Metaproteomics: studying functional gene expression in microbial ecosystems.

    abstract::The recent availability of extensive metagenomic sequences from various environmental microbial communities has extended the postgenomic era to the field of environmental microbiology. Although still restricted to a small number of studies, metaproteomic investigations have revealed interesting aspects of functional g...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2005.12.006

    authors: Wilmes P,Bond PL

    更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00

  • Viruses and autoimmune disease--two sides of the same coin?

    abstract::Some viruses have the ability to modulate the development of autoimmune diseases. Virus infections have long been associated with the exacerbation of autoimmune disease, however, there is also evidence that viruses can actually protect against autoimmune disease. Several experimental models have been developed to inve...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0966-842x(01)02097-2

    authors: Fujinami RS

    更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00

  • Measles virus replication in neural cells.

    abstract::Measles virus gene expression is attenuated in neural cells by mechanisms that affect both viral transcription and translation. Host enzymes that hypermutate viral genes, and those induced by cytokines, may act cooperatively to slow viral replication and to favor persistent measles virus infections in the human centra...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0966-842x(00)88976-3

    authors: Johnston IC,Dunster LM,Schneider-Schaulies J,Schneider-Schaulies S

    更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00

  • Offering surprises: TCA cycle regulation in Corynebacterium glutamicum.

    abstract::Corynebacterium glutamicum, a Gram-positive soil bacterium, is used for the production of l-glutamate and l-lysine, both of which are derived from intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Recent studies have revealed that this amphibolic pathway is subject to complex regulation not only at the transcriptio...

    journal_title:Trends in microbiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tim.2007.08.004

    authors: Bott M

    更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00