Genetic barriers among bacteria.

abstract：:Cyclopentenone prostanoids inhibit virus replication by turning on an intracellular defence response that involves the induction of cytoprotective heat-shock proteins, the modification of viral glycoprotein maturation and the control of NF-kappa B activation. These molecules represent an interesting model for the deve...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Santoro MG

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of bacteraemia, which frequently leads to infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis and metastatic abscess formation. The development of these secondary infections is due to bacterial dissemination from the blood into surrounding tissues and is associated with signi...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Edwards AM,Massey RC

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deadly infections from opportunistic fungi have risen in frequency, largely because of the at-risk immunocompromised population created by advances in modern medicine and the HIV/AIDS pandemic. This review focuses on dynamics of the fungal polysaccharide cell wall, which plays an outsized role in fungal pathogenesis a...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Hopke A,Brown AJP,Hall RA,Wheeler RT

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Progress in understanding the evolution of infectious diseases has inspired proposals to manage the evolution of pathogen (including parasite) virulence. A common view is that social interventions that lower pathogen transmission will indirectly select lower virulence because of a trade-off between transmission and vi...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Ebert D,Bull JJ

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Initial hepatitis B virus (HBV) attachment occurs via heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), which then trigger receptor-mediated internalization. Although HSPGs express in many tissues, HBV is destined for hepatotropic infection. A recent paper by Seitz et al. proposed that the slow viral maturation process plays a c...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Watashi K

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two-component systems are characterized by phosphotransfer reactions involving histidine and aspartate residues in highly conserved signalling domains. Although the basic principles of signal transduction by these systems have been elucidated, several important aspects, such as their integration into more complex cell...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Perraud AL,Weiss V,Gross R

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathogens survive and propagate within host cells through a wide array of complex interactions. Tracking the molecular and cellular events by multidimensional fluorescence microscopy has been a widespread tool for research on intracellular pathogens. Through major advancements in 3D electron microscopy, intracellular ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Weiner A,Enninga J

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Third International Symposium on Advancing Science and Elimination of the Use of Laboratory Animals for Development and Control of Vaccines and Hormones, organized by the National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM, The Netherlands) under the auspices of the International Association for Biologic...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Smith MP,Oyston PC

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protozoans of the genus Plasmodium are the causative agents of malaria; they have a complex life cycle involving vertebrate and arthropod hosts and have three distinct invasive stages. Although the invasive stages probably invade cells using similar mechanisms, each stage has a different host cell specificity and util...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Sinnis P,Sim BK

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of β-lactam antibiotics to treat infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus has been severely compromised by the acquisition by horizontal gene transfer of a gene that encodes the β-lactam-insensitive penicillin-binding protein PBP2a. This allows methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) to proliferate in the pre...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Foster TJ

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Meningococcal infection remains a worldwide health problem, and understanding the mechanisms by which Neisseria meningitidis evades host innate and acquired immunity is crucial. The complement system is vital for protecting individuals against N. meningitidis. However, this pathogen has evolved several mechanisms to a...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Schneider MC,Exley RM,Ram S,Sim RB,Tang CM

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular pathogens customize the composition and function of the vacuoles they occupy, and can arrest or distort vacuolar maturation. In doubly infected cells, vacuoles that contain two different parasites can be used to test for exclusionary mechanisms, for expression of vacuolar phenotypes that permit or restri...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rabinovitch M,Veras PS

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Legionella pneumophila secretes over 300 effector proteins that manipulate host cells. This multiplicity of effectors hampers the characterization of their individual roles. Shames et al. report a new approach to solve the enigma of Legionella effector function by using INSeq to analyse effector functions in the conte...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rolando M,Buchrieser C

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prion diseases are transmissible neurodegenerative disorders that include scrapie in sheep, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in humans. The principal component of the infectious agent responsible for these diseases appears to be an abnormal isoform of the host-encode...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Hill AF,Collinge J

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many plant pathogens subvert host immunity by injecting compositionally diverse but functionally similar repertoires of cytoplasmic effector proteins. The bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae is a model for exploring the functional structure of such repertoires. The pangenome of P. syringae encodes 57 families of e...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Lindeberg M,Cunnac S,Collmer A

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Superantigens are a diverse collection of molecules that share the ability to activate specific lymphocyte subsets. In animal models, many of these molecules delete T-cell populations or render them anergic. The clinical impact of superantigens is significant, but much of their pathophysiology remains unclear. ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Michie CA,Cohen J

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbes have chemotactic signaling systems that enable them to detect and follow chemical gradients in their environments. The core of these sensory systems consists of chemoreceptor proteins coupled to the CheA kinase via the scaffold or coupler protein CheW. Some bacterial chemotaxis systems replace or augment CheW...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Alexander RP,Lowenthal AC,Harshey RM,Ottemann KM

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The capacity to injure infected cells is a widespread property of viruses. Usually, this cytopathic effect (CPE) is ascribed to viral hijacking of cellular resources to fulfill viral needs. However, evidence is accumulating that CPE is not necessarily directly coupled to viral reproduction but may largely be due to ho...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Agol VI

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To enhance infection, enveloped viruses exploit adhesion molecules expressed on the surface of host cells. Specifically, phosphatidylserine (PS) receptors - including members of the human T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain (TIM)-family - have gained attention for their ability to mediate the entry of many envelope...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Evans JP,Liu SL

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional regulation enables adaptation in bacteria. Typically, only a few transcriptional events are well understood, leaving many others unidentified. The recent genome-wide identification of transcription factor binding sites in Mycobacterium tuberculosis has changed this by deciphering a molecular road-map o...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Baloni P,Chandra N

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide, particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed vaccines clinically available to treat or prevent cryptococcosis. In this review, we provide a rationale to support continued investment in Cryptococcus vaccine resear...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Caballero Van Dyke MC,Wormley FL Jr

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathogenic viral infections have exerted selection pressure on their hosts to evolve cellular antiviral inhibitors referred to as restriction factors. Examples of such molecules are APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F and TRIM5alpha. APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F are cytidine deaminases that are able to strongly inhibit retroviral replication...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Huthoff H,Towers GJ

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rhizobia are soil bacteria that can become endosymbionts, reducing atmospheric nitrogen within nodules formed on the roots of legume plants. During tissue and cell invasion, bacterial cell-surface components adapt the bacterium to survive as an endophyte without eliciting host-defence responses. The structures of many...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Kannenberg EL,Brewin NJ

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An individual's microbiome is likely to be an important contributor to certain health disparity diseases and conditions. We present a framework to study the role of the microbiome and the multiple factors that are likely to influence differences in disease predisposition, onset, and progression at the individual and p...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Findley K,Williams DR,Grice EA,Bonham VL

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although APOBEC3 degradation is the canonical function of HIV-1 Vif, this viral protein also induces potent cell cycle arrest through a newly defined mechanism. Here, we review recent advances in this area and propose that the scope of this activity may go beyond subversion of the host cell cycle. ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Salamango DJ,Harris RS

更新日期：2021-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Virulence of many bacterial pathogens is based, at least in part, on the action of phospholipases. The consequences may be immediate and direct, as in the action of Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin on red cells or platelets, or subtle, as with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipases of Listeria monocytogenes a...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Songer JG

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major regulator of sporulation initiation in Bacillus subtilis is the phosphorelay, a multicomponent signal transduction system. A myriad of signals, both positive and negative, from the environment, cell cycle and metabolism is received and interpreted by the phosphorelay and integrated through the opposing activ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Perego M

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Growing concerns about global climate change and energy dependence have led to an increased effort to reduce carbon emissions. A considerable reduction could be achieved by using biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass instead of fossil fuels. One major bottleneck of biofuel production from lignocellulose is the availab...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Hess M

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hospitals worldwide are facing an increasing incidence of hard-to-treat infections. Limiting infections and providing patients with optimal drug regimens require timely strain identification as well as virulence and drug-resistance profiling. Additionally, prophylactic interventions based on the identification of envi...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Balloux F,Brønstad Brynildsrud O,van Dorp L,Shaw LP,Chen H,Harris KA,Wang H,Eldholm V

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial type IV pilus (T4P) is a versatile molecular machine with a broad range of functions. Recent advances revealed that the molecular components and the biophysical properties of the machine are well conserved among phylogenetically distant bacterial species. However, its functions are diverse, and include a...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Maier B,Wong GCL

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00