Health Disparities and the Microbiome.

abstract：:Human influenza viruses cause regular epidemics and occasional pandemics with a substantial public health burden. Household transmission studies have provided valuable information on the dynamics of influenza transmission. We reviewed published studies and found that once one household member is infected with influenz...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Tsang TK,Lau LLH,Cauchemez S,Cowling BJ

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The capacity to injure infected cells is a widespread property of viruses. Usually, this cytopathic effect (CPE) is ascribed to viral hijacking of cellular resources to fulfill viral needs. However, evidence is accumulating that CPE is not necessarily directly coupled to viral reproduction but may largely be due to ho...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Agol VI

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because the structure of the tobacco mosaic virus capsid protein is known, mutations that alter the phenotype of the virus-plant interaction can be correlated with structural changes in this protein. These mutations affect the disease symptoms caused by the virus and recognition of the virus by a plant resistance gene...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Chapman S,Lindbeck AG,Dawson WO

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lipid phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is the first chemoattractant to be described for a surface-motile bacterium. In Myxococcus xanthus, the specific activity of PE is determined by its fatty acid components. Two active species have been identified: dilauroyl PE and dioleoyl PE. Excitation to dilauroyl PE requires ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Kearns DB,Shimkets LJ

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Retroviruses, like other RNA viruses, mutate at very high rates (0.05-1 mutations per genome per replication cycle) and exist as complex genetically heterogeneous populations ('quasispecies') that are ever changing. De novo mutations are generated by inherently error-prone steps in the retroviral life cycle that intro...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Preston BD,Dougherty JP

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of bacteraemia, which frequently leads to infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis and metastatic abscess formation. The development of these secondary infections is due to bacterial dissemination from the blood into surrounding tissues and is associated with signi...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Edwards AM,Massey RC

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The term 'type III secretion' has seen widespread use. However, problems persist in nomenclature. We propose that the standard abbreviation for this kind of secretion should be 'T3S' and that 'type III secretion system' should be abbreviated to 'T3SS'. There is also a need for a new terminology to distinguish flagella...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Desvaux M,Hébraud M,Henderson IR,Pallen MJ

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The health of tens of millions of people world-wide is at risk from drinking arsenic-contaminated well water. In most cases this arsenic occurs naturally within the sub-surface aquifers, rather than being derived from identifiable point sources of pollution. The mobilization of arsenic into the aqueous phase is the fi...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Oremland RS,Stolz JF

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular pathogens customize the composition and function of the vacuoles they occupy, and can arrest or distort vacuolar maturation. In doubly infected cells, vacuoles that contain two different parasites can be used to test for exclusionary mechanisms, for expression of vacuolar phenotypes that permit or restri...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rabinovitch M,Veras PS

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an intracellular pathogen that infects 10 million people worldwide and kills 2 million people every year. The uptake and utilization of nutrients by Mtb within the host cell is still poorly understood, although lipids play an important role in Mtb persistence. The recent identificat...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Ouellet H,Johnston JB,de Montellano PR

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide, particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed vaccines clinically available to treat or prevent cryptococcosis. In this review, we provide a rationale to support continued investment in Cryptococcus vaccine resear...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Caballero Van Dyke MC,Wormley FL Jr

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viruses have evolved complex and dynamic interactions with their host cell. In recent years we have gained insight into the expanding roles for host lipids in the virus life cycle. In particular, viruses target lipid signaling, synthesis, and metabolism to remodel their host cells into an optimal environment for their...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Heaton NS,Randall G

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tricorn protease is an archaeal protease that forms massive proteasome-like capsids with a hollow chamber. beta-Propeller and PDZ domains are thought to play a role in substrate selection. By analysis of predicted proteins from novel bacterial genome sequences, we have identified four new bacterial tricorn-like pr...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Pallen MJ,Lam AC,Loman N

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The existence of peptidoglycan (PG) in chlamydiae has long been debated. Genome sequencing of members of the Chlamydiaceae family and Protochlamydia amoebophila has uncovered a nearly complete pathway for PG synthesis in these organisms. The recent use of microarray and proteomic analysis methods has revealed that PG ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： McCoy AJ,Maurelli AT

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathogenic Yersinia express a number of strictly regulated, plasmid-encoded virulence determinants (Yops), some of which are important in enabling the pathogen to block phagocytosis. The events mediating antiphagocytosis and the regulation of this process are becoming increasingly well understood. ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Forsberg A,Rosqvist R,Wolf-Watz H

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The SOS response is an essential process for responding to DNA damage in bacteria. The expression of SOS genes is under the control of LexA, a global transcription factor that undergoes self-cleavage during stress to allow the expression of DNA repair functions and delay cell division until the damage is rectified. Le...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Fornelos N,Browning DF,Butala M

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent emerging evidence has revealed that regulatory noncoding RNAs (microRNAs, circular RNAs) modulate host-microbe interactions and they have been proposed as potential biomarkers of the host's response to microbiome-linked pathologies such as cancers, obesity, and neurodegenerative diseases. Interactions between m...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Malmuthuge N,Guan LL

更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Fungal infections are on the rise due to new medical procedures that have increased the number of immune compromised patients, antibacterial antibiotics that disrupt the microbiome, and increased use of indwelling medical devices that provide sites for biofilm formation. Key to understanding the mechanisms of pathogen...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Min K,Neiman AM,Konopka JB

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two recent studies have provided the most complete screen for protein complexes in yeast to date, in which partners were identified for approximately half of the proteome. A comparison shows that these two datasets are complementary. In addition, one of the analyses points to a modular organization of the cellular pro...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Gagneur J,David L,Steinmetz LM

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gram-negative bacteria produce repeats-in-toxin adhesion proteins (RTX adhesins) to facilitate microbial adhesion. These large, multidomain proteins share a common architecture comprised of four regions. First to emerge from the bacterium, C terminal end leading, is the RTX export sequence that directs the protein thr...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Guo S,Vance TDR,Stevens CA,Voets I,Davies PL

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nguyen et al. used transposon sequencing analysis and competitive colonization assays to describe how aspartate/malate can trigger initial Salmonella Typhimurium gut-lumen colonization in mice, providing insight into the significance of certain key metabolites beyond the realm of Salmonella life. Metabolite-driven dia...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Jepsen S,Jiang S

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS), which is caused by Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli, is the commonest cause of acute renal failure in childhood. It is widely believed that HUS develops following the release of Stx, an AB5 toxin that inhibits protein synthesis and has a direct toxic effect on the kidney ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Heyderman RS,Soriani M,Hirst TR

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Legionella pneumophila secretes over 300 effector proteins that manipulate host cells. This multiplicity of effectors hampers the characterization of their individual roles. Shames et al. report a new approach to solve the enigma of Legionella effector function by using INSeq to analyse effector functions in the conte...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rolando M,Buchrieser C

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Significant advances have been made in recent years in our understanding of how methicillin resistance is acquired by Staphylococcus aureus. Integration of a staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) element into the chromosome converts drug-sensitive S. aureus into the notorious hospital pathogen methicilin-res...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Hiramatsu K,Cui L,Kuroda M,Ito T

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oncogenic viruses have evolved direct and indirect mechanisms to overcome the tumour suppressor p53. Fortunately, tumour development is limited by the narrow cell tropisms of the viruses concerned and the host immune response. However, such viruses are helping to elucidate the p53 response pathway and may play a futur...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Neil JC,Cameron ER,Baxter EW

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation of biofilms is initiated by bacteria transitioning from the planktonic to the surface-associated mode of growth. Several regulatory systems have been described to govern the initiation and subsequent formation of biofilms. Recent evidence suggests that regulatory networks governing the decision of bacter...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Chambers JR,Sauer K

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathogenic viral infections have exerted selection pressure on their hosts to evolve cellular antiviral inhibitors referred to as restriction factors. Examples of such molecules are APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F and TRIM5alpha. APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F are cytidine deaminases that are able to strongly inhibit retroviral replication...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Huthoff H,Towers GJ

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several attempts have been made to identify the minimal set of genes that is required for life using computational approaches or studies of deletion mutants. These experiments resemble those already performed by nature; a few hundred million years ago an ancestor of Escherichia coli was domesticated by aphids, which r...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Klasson L,Andersson SG

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mammalian immune system includes a sophisticated array of antimicrobial mechanisms. However, successful pathogens have developed subversive strategies to detect, modulate, and/or evade immune control and clearance. Independent disciplines study host immunology and bacterial pathogenesis, but interkingdom signaling...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Gestal MC,Whitesides LT,Harvill ET

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rumen of sheep and cattle represents a mobile, self-sustaining fermentation system for plant material. Analysis of the rumen flora continues to provide fundamental knowledge of anaerobic microbiology and is now yielding microbial genes that have potential in biotechnology. Recent research has provided fascinating ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Flint HJ

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00