Abstract：
:Several attempts have been made to identify the minimal set of genes that is required for life using computational approaches or studies of deletion mutants. These experiments resemble those already performed by nature; a few hundred million years ago an ancestor of Escherichia coli was domesticated by aphids, which resulted in the elimination of 70-75% of the original bacterial genome. Amazingly, the small genomes of these imprisoned bacteria are more stable than those of their free-living relatives. Minimal-gene-sets that have evolved naturally are largely species-specific, with the exception of a small set of core genes that are required for information processing. Comparative genomics of host-dependent bacteria have shown that minimal-gene-sets can persist in nature for tens of millions of years provided that the environment is rich in nutrients, that the host population size is large and that there is a strong host-level selection for bacterial gene functions.
journal_name
Trends Microbioljournal_title
Trends in microbiologyauthors
Klasson L,Andersson SGdoi
10.1016/j.tim.2003.11.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-01-01 00:00:00pages
37-43issue
1eissn
0966-842Xissn
1878-4380pii
S0966842X03003111journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Gram-negative bacteria produce repeats-in-toxin adhesion proteins (RTX adhesins) to facilitate microbial adhesion. These large, multidomain proteins share a common architecture comprised of four regions. First to emerge from the bacterium, C terminal end leading, is the RTX export sequence that directs the protein thr...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2018.12.003
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The forms of African trypanosomes that live in tsetse fly vectors are coated with lipid-anchored proteins and glycoproteins known collectively as procyclins. Procyclins are expressed during development in the fly in a multiplicity of isoforms yet their functions remain unknown. Recent studies involving a multidiscipli...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 新闻
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(01)02073-x
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Entomopathogenic fungi are attracting attention as potential biological control agents of insect pests. The mechanisms of pathogenesis have parallels with those of some plant-pathogenic fungi, particularly in the areas of formation of an infection structure, entry into the host and toxin-mediated host death. Understan...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0966-842x(96)10022-6
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the past few decades, increasing attention has focused on pathogenic fungi both as fascinating research subjects and as the agents of serious illness in diverse patient populations. In particular, opportunistic fungi such as Cryptococcus neoformans command notice as the ranks of their immunocompromised victims ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(00)01890-4
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Strictly blood-feeding leeches and their limited microbiota provide natural and powerful model systems to examine symbiosis. Blood is devoid of essential nutrients and it is thought that symbiotic bacteria synthesize these for the host. In this review, three distinct leech-microbe associations are described: (i) the m...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2006.06.009
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growing concerns about global climate change and energy dependence have led to an increased effort to reduce carbon emissions. A considerable reduction could be achieved by using biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass instead of fossil fuels. One major bottleneck of biofuel production from lignocellulose is the availab...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2008.06.001
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To enhance infection, enveloped viruses exploit adhesion molecules expressed on the surface of host cells. Specifically, phosphatidylserine (PS) receptors - including members of the human T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain (TIM)-family - have gained attention for their ability to mediate the entry of many envelope...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2019.10.004
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although biologists have long recognized the importance of studying evolution to understand the organization of living organisms, only with the development of genomics have evolutionary studies become part of their routine toolkit. Placing genomes into an evolutionary framework has proved useful for understanding the ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2007.01.007
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pathogenic viral infections have exerted selection pressure on their hosts to evolve cellular antiviral inhibitors referred to as restriction factors. Examples of such molecules are APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F and TRIM5alpha. APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F are cytidine deaminases that are able to strongly inhibit retroviral replication...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2008.08.013
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Legionella pneumophila secretes over 300 effector proteins that manipulate host cells. This multiplicity of effectors hampers the characterization of their individual roles. Shames et al. report a new approach to solve the enigma of Legionella effector function by using INSeq to analyse effector functions in the conte...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2018.01.003
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The following pair of articles, the first by Gil Segal and Howard Shuman, and the second by James Kirby and Ralph Isberg (Trends Microbiol. 6, 256-258), explore the genetics and function of the icm/dot genes of Legionella pneumophila. This gene family is implicated in several aspects of virulence and appears to consti...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(98)01308-0
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacteria must segregate their DNA and position a septum to grow and divide. In many bacteria, MinD is involved in spatial regulation of the cytokinetic Z ring, and ParAs are involved in chromosome and plasmid segregation. The use of the MinD/ParA family to provide positional information for spatial organization contin...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2012.05.002
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ISG15 is an interferon (IFN)-induced ubiquitin-like protein that is conjugated to target proteins via the sequential action of three enzymes that are also induced by IFN. Unlike ubiquitin, which is highly conserved, the sequence of ISG15 varies between species. ISG15 conjugation inhibits many viruses, and free (unconj...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2013.01.005
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spectacular ability of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to immortalize and morphologically transform human B cells in vitro to lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) is central to most molecular models of viral oncogenesis. However, binding of transcription factor and oncoprotein c-Myc to the major locus control region (LCR) of...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2004.09.006
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recognition of bacterial asymmetry is not new: the first high-resolution microscopy studies revealed that bacteria come in a multitude of shapes and sometimes carry asymmetrically localized external structures such as flagella on the cell surface. Even so, the idea that bacteria could have an inherent overall pola...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2007.01.004
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The intestine harbors an ecosystem composed of the intestinal mucosa and the commensal microbiota. The microbiota fosters development, aids digestion and protects host cells from pathogens - a function referred to as colonization resistance. Little is known about the molecular basis of colonization resistance and how ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2007.12.008
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The susceptibility of Caenorhabditis elegans to different virulent phenotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa makes the worms an excellent model for studying host-pathogen interactions. Including the recently described liquid killing, five different killing assays are now available offering superb possibilities for performi...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2013.04.006
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Corynebacterium glutamicum, a Gram-positive soil bacterium, is used for the production of l-glutamate and l-lysine, both of which are derived from intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Recent studies have revealed that this amphibolic pathway is subject to complex regulation not only at the transcriptio...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2007.08.004
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fungal growth, development and pathogenicity require hyphal tip growth, which is supported by polar exocytosis at the expanding growth region. It is assumed that molecular motors transport growth supplies along the fibrous elements of the cytoskeleton, such as microtubules, to the hyphal apex. Recent advances in live-...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2006.11.007
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacteriophages are viruses of bacteria that are used for controlling bacterial food-borne pathogens and have been proposed for more extensive usage in infection control. Protists are now recognised to harbour viruses and virus-like particles. We propose that investigation of their prevalence in parasites be intensifie...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2013.02.006
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Strictly lytic phages have been consensually preferred for phage therapy purposes. In contrast, temperate phages have been avoided due to an inherent capacity to mediate transfer of genes between bacteria by specialized transduction - an event that may increase bacterial virulence, for example, by promoting antibiotic...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2018.10.008
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The term 'type III secretion' has seen widespread use. However, problems persist in nomenclature. We propose that the standard abbreviation for this kind of secretion should be 'T3S' and that 'type III secretion system' should be abbreviated to 'T3SS'. There is also a need for a new terminology to distinguish flagella...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2006.02.009
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selected bacterial pathogens, such as Helicobacter pylori and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, establish persistent infections in mammalian hosts despite activating inflammatory and antimicrobial responses. The strategies used to overcome host defense responses vary with the anatomical location of the infection but often r...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(02)00038-0
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The assembly of microbial communities within the gastrointestinal tract during early life plays a critical role in immune, endocrine, metabolic, and other host developmental pathways. Environmental insults during this period, such as food insecurity and infections, can disrupt this optimal microbial succession, which ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2018.09.008
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Strains of Helicobacter pylori from patients with peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer contain a 40-kb fragment of DNA that is not present in isolates from carriers with asymptomatic infections. The discovery of the cag pathogenicity island suggests that virulence has evolved by quantum leaps through the inheritanc...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0966-842X(97)01035-4
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of Bacillus anthracis virulence factors in its pathogenesis has been subjected to intense investigation with the aim of finding novel preventive and therapeutic protocols. Toxins that are endocytosed and act in the cytosol of host cells have a central role in B. anthracis infection. Understanding of anthrax t...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2007.10.003
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanisms that spatially regulate cytokinesis are more diverse than initially thought. In two recent publications a positive regulator of FtsZ positioning has been identified in Streptococcus pneumoniae. MapZ (LocZ) connects the division machinery with cell wall elongation, providing a simple mechanism to ensure ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2015.02.001
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Viruses of the Mononegavirales have helical nucleocapsids containing a single-stranded negative-sense RNA genome complexed with the nucleoprotein and several other virus-encoded proteins. This RNA-protein complex acts as the template for replication and transcription during infection. Recent structural data has advanc...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2013.08.001
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although APOBEC3 degradation is the canonical function of HIV-1 Vif, this viral protein also induces potent cell cycle arrest through a newly defined mechanism. Here, we review recent advances in this area and propose that the scope of this activity may go beyond subversion of the host cell cycle. ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2021.01.001
更新日期：2021-01-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Swarming is the fastest known bacterial mode of surface translocation and enables the rapid colonization of a nutrient-rich environment and host tissues. This complex multicellular behavior requires the integration of chemical and physical signals, which leads to the physiological and morphological differentiation of ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2008.07.004
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
