How is the intracellular fate of the Legionella pneumophila phagosome determined?

abstract：:Many reports have documented that Staphylococcus aureus can invade host cells and persist intracellularly for various periods of time in cell culture models. However, it is not clear whether intracellular persistence of S. aureus also occurs in the course of infections in whole organisms. This is a subject of intense ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Garzoni C,Kelley WL

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Permafrost covers a quarter of the northern hemisphere land surface and contains twice the amount of carbon that is currently present in the atmosphere. Future climate change is expected to reduce its near-surface cover by over 90% by the end of the 21st century, leading to thermokarst lake formation. Thermokarst lake...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： In 't Zandt MH,Liebner S,Welte CU

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intestinal epithelial cells secrete a spectrum of chemoattractant and proinflammatory cytokines after invasion by bacteria. We suggest the novel concept that epithelial cells not only act as a mechanical barrier to invasive bacteria, but that they also signal the presence of invasive pathogens to the mucosal immune an...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Eckmann L,Kagnoff MF,Fierer J

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent study has provided important clues towards the identity of the host genes that conspire to promote post-integration latency of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Various genes controlling transcription, histone deacetylation and proteasome-mediated protein degradation have emerged as potential players. If th...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Williams SA,Greene WC

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For decades, hemagglutinin (HA) protein structure and its refolding mechanism have served as a paradigm for understanding protein-mediated membrane fusion. HA trimers are in a high-energy state and are functionally activated by low pH. Over the past decade, HA stability (or the pH at which irreversible conformational ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Russell CJ,Hu M,Okda FA

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because the structure of the tobacco mosaic virus capsid protein is known, mutations that alter the phenotype of the virus-plant interaction can be correlated with structural changes in this protein. These mutations affect the disease symptoms caused by the virus and recognition of the virus by a plant resistance gene...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Chapman S,Lindbeck AG,Dawson WO

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In nongrowing microbes, proteome turnover is reduced and identification of newly synthesized, low-abundance proteins is challenging. Babin and colleagues recently utilized bio-orthogonal noncanonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) to identify actively synthesized proteins in nongrowing Pseudomonas aeruginosa, discovering...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Henry TC,Brynildsen MP

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For many years, there has been controversy over the role of antibodies in immunity to Candida, but recently specific antibodies to mannoproteins and hsp90 have been shown to be protective against murine candidiasis. Combined with technical advances in antibody engineering, this raises the possibility of harnessing suc...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Matthews R,Burnie J

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most cases of candidiasis have been attributed to Candida albicans, but Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis, designated as non-C. albicans Candida (NCAC), have been identified as frequent human pathogens. Moreover, Candida biofilms are an escalating clinical problem associated with significan...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Araújo D,Henriques M,Silva S

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fungal pathogens pose serious threats to human, plant, and ecosystem health. Improved diagnostics and antifungal strategies are therefore urgently required. Here, we review recent developments in online bioinformatic tools and associated interactive data archives, which enable sophisticated comparative genomics and fu...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Cairns TC,Studholme DJ,Talbot NJ,Haynes K

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Winogradsky discovered in 1890 that nitrification is carried out in two consecutive steps by two distinct groups of bacteria: ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. An explanation for this division of labour is offered based on the kinetic theory of optimal design of metabolic pathways, which postu...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Costa E,Pérez J,Kreft JU

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis is of huge importance as it underpins the success of coral reefs, yet we know very little about how the host cnidarian and its dinoflagellate endosymbionts communicate with each other to form a functionally integrated unit. Here, we review the current knowledge of interpartner mo...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rosset SL,Oakley CA,Ferrier-Pagès C,Suggett DJ,Weis VM,Davy SK

更新日期：2020-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Mycoplasmas are minute wall-less bacterial parasites that exhibit strict host and tissue specificities. They enter, multiply and survive within the host for extended periods by circumventing host defenses. Their intimate interaction with eukaryotic cells, and in some cases the subsequent invasion into or fusion with t...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rottem S,Naot Y

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A holistic approach to understanding the mechanisms by which stress influences the pathogenesis of infectious disease has resulted in the development of the field of microbial endocrinology. This transdisciplinary field represents the intersection of microbiology with mammalian endocrinology and neurophysiology, and i...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Freestone PP,Sandrini SM,Haigh RD,Lyte M

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genetic analysis of the large and complex herpesviruses has been a constant challenge to herpesvirologists. Elegant methods have been developed to produce mutants in infected cells that rely on the cellular recombination machinery. Bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs), single copy F-factor-based plasmid vectors...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Wagner M,Ruzsics Z,Koszinowski UH

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Strictly blood-feeding leeches and their limited microbiota provide natural and powerful model systems to examine symbiosis. Blood is devoid of essential nutrients and it is thought that symbiotic bacteria synthesize these for the host. In this review, three distinct leech-microbe associations are described: (i) the m...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Graf J,Kikuchi Y,Rio RV

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intestine harbors an ecosystem composed of the intestinal mucosa and the commensal microbiota. The microbiota fosters development, aids digestion and protects host cells from pathogens - a function referred to as colonization resistance. Little is known about the molecular basis of colonization resistance and how ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Stecher B,Hardt WD

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human influenza viruses cause regular epidemics and occasional pandemics with a substantial public health burden. Household transmission studies have provided valuable information on the dynamics of influenza transmission. We reviewed published studies and found that once one household member is infected with influenz...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Tsang TK,Lau LLH,Cauchemez S,Cowling BJ

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ISG15 is an interferon (IFN)-induced ubiquitin-like protein that is conjugated to target proteins via the sequential action of three enzymes that are also induced by IFN. Unlike ubiquitin, which is highly conserved, the sequence of ISG15 varies between species. ISG15 conjugation inhibits many viruses, and free (unconj...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Zhao C,Collins MN,Hsiang TY,Krug RM

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Significant advances have been made in recent years in our understanding of how methicillin resistance is acquired by Staphylococcus aureus. Integration of a staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) element into the chromosome converts drug-sensitive S. aureus into the notorious hospital pathogen methicilin-res...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Hiramatsu K,Cui L,Kuroda M,Ito T

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional regulation enables adaptation in bacteria. Typically, only a few transcriptional events are well understood, leaving many others unidentified. The recent genome-wide identification of transcription factor binding sites in Mycobacterium tuberculosis has changed this by deciphering a molecular road-map o...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Baloni P,Chandra N

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genome analyses of double strand DNA tailed bacteriophages argue that they evolve by recombinational reassortment of genes and by the acquisition of novel genes as simple genetic elements termed morons. These processes suggest a model for early virus evolution, wherein viruses can be regarded less as having derived fr...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Hendrix RW,Lawrence JG,Hatfull GF,Casjens S

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Invasive fungal infections are a major cause of mortality in immunocompromised patients. By using high-resolution sequencing, Zhai et al. provide insight into translocation of Candida strains from the gut mycobiota to the bloodstream of transplanted patients. Microbiota-driven diagnostic methods could rapidly emerge f...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Papon N,Bougnoux ME,d'Enfert C

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multidrug resistance in tumor cells is often caused by the increased efflux of a wide variety of drugs, mediated by P glycoprotein, a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. The genes encoding members of this superfamily have also been isolated from drug-resistant microorganisms, and the ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Ouellette M,Légaré D,Papadopoulou B

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major regulator of sporulation initiation in Bacillus subtilis is the phosphorelay, a multicomponent signal transduction system. A myriad of signals, both positive and negative, from the environment, cell cycle and metabolism is received and interpreted by the phosphorelay and integrated through the opposing activ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Perego M

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The airways of patients afflicted with cystic fibrosis (CF) are colonized by many pathogens, the most predominant of which is the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In the thick CF airway mucus, P. aeruginosa forms antibiotic- and phagocyte-resistant structures known as biofilms, which enable the survival...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Hassett DJ,Sutton MD,Schurr MJ,Herr AB,Caldwell CC,Matu JO

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell-density-dependent gene expression is widespread in bacteria and is mediated by extracellular communication molecules. Gram-negative bacteria often use N-acyl homoserine lactones, whereas cell-cell signaling in Gram-positive bacteria is accomplished using post-translationally processed peptide pheromones. In many ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Michiels J,Dirix G,Vanderleyden J,Xi C

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Symbioses between eukaryotes and unicellular organisms are quite common, with examples copiously disseminated throughout the earth's biota. Arthropods, in particular, owe much of their ecological success to their microbial flora, which often provide supplements either lacking in the limited host diet or which the host...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rio RV,Hu Y,Aksoy S

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) uses several virulence factors to establish chronic respiratory infections in bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. One of its toxins, pyocyanin (PYO), is a redox-active pigment that is required for full virulence in animal models and has ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rada B,Leto TL

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protozoans of the genus Plasmodium are the causative agents of malaria; they have a complex life cycle involving vertebrate and arthropod hosts and have three distinct invasive stages. Although the invasive stages probably invade cells using similar mechanisms, each stage has a different host cell specificity and util...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Sinnis P,Sim BK

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00