Abstract：
:Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) uses several virulence factors to establish chronic respiratory infections in bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. One of its toxins, pyocyanin (PYO), is a redox-active pigment that is required for full virulence in animal models and has been detected in patients' airway secretions. PYO promotes virulence by interfering with several cellular functions in host cells including electron transport, cellular respiration, energy metabolism, gene expression, and innate immune mechanisms. This review summarizes recent advances in PYO biology with special attention to current views on its role in human airway infections and on its interactions with the first line of our airway defense, the respiratory epithelium.
journal_name
Trends Microbioljournal_title
Trends in microbiologyauthors
Rada B,Leto TLdoi
10.1016/j.tim.2012.10.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-02-01 00:00:00pages
73-81issue
2eissn
0966-842Xissn
1878-4380pii
S0966-842X(12)00190-4journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Many reports have documented that Staphylococcus aureus can invade host cells and persist intracellularly for various periods of time in cell culture models. However, it is not clear whether intracellular persistence of S. aureus also occurs in the course of infections in whole organisms. This is a subject of intense ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2008.11.005
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Retroviruses, like other RNA viruses, mutate at very high rates (0.05-1 mutations per genome per replication cycle) and exist as complex genetically heterogeneous populations ('quasispecies') that are ever changing. De novo mutations are generated by inherently error-prone steps in the retroviral life cycle that intro...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0966-842x(96)81500-9
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pathogenic Yersinia express a complex array of iron-regulated functions and possess mechanisms for inorganic iron and hemin acquisition. These include a unique temperature-regulated hemin storage system, high-affinity transport processes for hemin and inorganic iron, and an iron-responsive regulatory system controllin...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0966-842x(93)90129-f
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genome analyses of double strand DNA tailed bacteriophages argue that they evolve by recombinational reassortment of genes and by the acquisition of novel genes as simple genetic elements termed morons. These processes suggest a model for early virus evolution, wherein viruses can be regarded less as having derived fr...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(00)01863-1
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the past few decades, increasing attention has focused on pathogenic fungi both as fascinating research subjects and as the agents of serious illness in diverse patient populations. In particular, opportunistic fungi such as Cryptococcus neoformans command notice as the ranks of their immunocompromised victims ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(00)01890-4
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antifungal drug discovery is starting to benefit from the enormous advances in the genomics field, which have occurred in the past decade. As traditional drug screening on existing targets is not delivering the long-awaited potent antifungals, efforts to use novel genetics and genomics-based strategies to aid in the d...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2003.08.008
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dramatic clinical manifestations of toxigenic infections such as cholera and diphtheria occur without substantial bacterial invasion. Disease is mediated by the secretion of potent toxins that use ADP-ribosylation as the catalytic mechanism underlying their action. ADP-ribosylating toxins comprise a large family, ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(00)01902-8
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The discovery of 'molecular syringes' in several important gastrointestinal pathogens including Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella and Yersinia, together with a better understanding of M cells and the mucosal immune system, has advanced our appreciation of multistage microorganism-host cell interactions. Recent st...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(00)01828-x
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The intestine harbors an ecosystem composed of the intestinal mucosa and the commensal microbiota. The microbiota fosters development, aids digestion and protects host cells from pathogens - a function referred to as colonization resistance. Little is known about the molecular basis of colonization resistance and how ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2007.12.008
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growing concerns about global climate change and energy dependence have led to an increased effort to reduce carbon emissions. A considerable reduction could be achieved by using biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass instead of fossil fuels. One major bottleneck of biofuel production from lignocellulose is the availab...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2008.06.001
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:H3N2-subtype influenza A viruses are major causes of seasonal influenza epidemics. Emerging H3N2 variants require the annual adjustment of the vaccine strain. Recently, studies addressing the reduced effectiveness of current H3N2 vaccines have identified production-related substitutions in the viral hemagglutinin anti...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2017.12.003
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several times in this century, new and sometimes devastating diseases of cereal crops, caused by fungi in the genus Cochliobolus, have suddenly appeared. In many fungal diseases of plants the factors required for pathogenicity are unknown; in contrast, the key elements in each of several Cochliobolus diseases are know...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0966-842x(93)90019-n
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacteria must segregate their DNA and position a septum to grow and divide. In many bacteria, MinD is involved in spatial regulation of the cytokinetic Z ring, and ParAs are involved in chromosome and plasmid segregation. The use of the MinD/ParA family to provide positional information for spatial organization contin...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2012.05.002
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interferon-inducible, transmembrane protein BST-2 (CD317, tetherin) directly holds fully formed enveloped virus particles to the cells that produce them, inhibiting their spread. BST-2 inhibits members of the retrovirus, filovirus, arenavirus and herpesvirus families. These viruses encode a variety of proteins to ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2010.06.010
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous observations have established a crucial role for phagocytic cells in host resistance to Salmonella. Activated macrophages rely on a complex array of oxygen-dependent antimicrobial molecules to inhibit or kill intracellular Salmonella. An initial oxidative bactericidal phase, which is dependent on the respirat...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(00)01897-7
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microbiology has unraveled rich evidence of ongoing reticulate evolutionary processes and complex interactions both within and between cells. These phenomena feature real biological networks, which can logically be analyzed using network-based tools. It is thus not surprising that network sciences, a field independent...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2019.11.006
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacteriophages are viruses of bacteria that are used for controlling bacterial food-borne pathogens and have been proposed for more extensive usage in infection control. Protists are now recognised to harbour viruses and virus-like particles. We propose that investigation of their prevalence in parasites be intensifie...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2013.02.006
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most cases of candidiasis have been attributed to Candida albicans, but Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis, designated as non-C. albicans Candida (NCAC), have been identified as frequent human pathogens. Moreover, Candida biofilms are an escalating clinical problem associated with significan...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2016.09.004
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD) is a common and unintended consequence of antibiotic use. Clostridium difficile is the most common infectious aetiology of AAD; however, only approximately 25% of all AAD cases are associated with C. difficile infection, with the aetiology in the majority of cases remaining undete...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2016.02.001
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent availability of extensive metagenomic sequences from various environmental microbial communities has extended the postgenomic era to the field of environmental microbiology. Although still restricted to a small number of studies, metaproteomic investigations have revealed interesting aspects of functional g...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2005.12.006
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The identification and quantification of the proteins that a whole organism expresses under certain conditions is a main focus of high-throughput proteomics. Advanced proteomics approaches generate new biologically relevant data and potent hypotheses. A practical report of what proteome studies can and cannot accompli...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2006.03.005
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Fungi comprise a diverse kingdom of eukaryotes that are characterized by a typically filamentous but sometimes unicellular vegetative form, and heterotrophic, absorptive nutrition. Their simple morphologies and variable ecological strategies have confounded efforts to elucidate their limits, phylogenetic relations...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2009.08.001
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many proteins are transported to the cell surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans to be either integrated into the cell-wall structure or exported to the external medium. Secretion of many of these proteins through the classical endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi pathway is driven by a canonical N-terminal s...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2005.11.009
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Strictly blood-feeding leeches and their limited microbiota provide natural and powerful model systems to examine symbiosis. Blood is devoid of essential nutrients and it is thought that symbiotic bacteria synthesize these for the host. In this review, three distinct leech-microbe associations are described: (i) the m...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2006.06.009
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The polysaccharide-rich wall, which envelopes the fungal cell, is pivotal to the maintenance of cellular integrity and for the protection of the cell from external aggressors - such as environmental fluxes and during host infection. This review considers the commonalities in the composition of the wall across the fung...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2017.05.015
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proteins embedded in membranes are important for helping the cell adapt to changes in the extracellular milieu and often play key roles in the life cycles of pathogenic microbes. Bioinformatic predictions can provide an estimate of membrane proteins, but experimental approaches of detection are required for a deeper u...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2009.07.005
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Key skills such as communication and critical thinking are essential for today's microbiology graduate. There are many opportunities within the undergraduate curriculum to help students to use, develop and appreciate their own unique set of skills. This article describes personal experiences of research-led teaching a...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2009.12.006
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Viruses of the Mononegavirales have helical nucleocapsids containing a single-stranded negative-sense RNA genome complexed with the nucleoprotein and several other virus-encoded proteins. This RNA-protein complex acts as the template for replication and transcription during infection. Recent structural data has advanc...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2013.08.001
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human coronaviruses (HCoVs), including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, are zoonotic pathogens that originated in wild animals. HCoVs have large genomes that encode a fixed array of structural and nonstructural components, as well as a variety of accessory proteins that differ in number and sequence even among closely related C...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2016.09.001
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evolution, climate change, and vaccination: in these cases and more, scientists, policymakers, and educators are confronted by organized campaigns to spread doubt, denial, and rejection of the scientific community's consensus on central scientific principles. To overcome these threats, scientists not only need to spre...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2012.10.002
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
