Abstract：
:The rumen of sheep and cattle represents a mobile, self-sustaining fermentation system for plant material. Analysis of the rumen flora continues to provide fundamental knowledge of anaerobic microbiology and is now yielding microbial genes that have potential in biotechnology. Recent research has provided fascinating glimpses into the microbial enzyme systems that degrade plant material and into the complex interplay among members of the rumen community.
journal_name
Trends Microbioljournal_title
Trends in microbiologyauthors
Flint HJdoi
10.1016/S0966-842X(97)01159-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-12-01 00:00:00pages
483-8issue
12eissn
0966-842Xissn
1878-4380pii
S0966-842X(97)01159-1journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The endogenous circadian clock of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus controls many cellular processes and confers an adaptive advantage on this organism in a competitive environment. To be advantageous, this internal biological oscillator must be reset daily to remain in synchrony with its environment and to t...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2007.08.005
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Winogradsky discovered in 1890 that nitrification is carried out in two consecutive steps by two distinct groups of bacteria: ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. An explanation for this division of labour is offered based on the kinetic theory of optimal design of metabolic pathways, which postu...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2006.03.006
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Strictly lytic phages have been consensually preferred for phage therapy purposes. In contrast, temperate phages have been avoided due to an inherent capacity to mediate transfer of genes between bacteria by specialized transduction - an event that may increase bacterial virulence, for example, by promoting antibiotic...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2018.10.008
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many reports have documented that Staphylococcus aureus can invade host cells and persist intracellularly for various periods of time in cell culture models. However, it is not clear whether intracellular persistence of S. aureus also occurs in the course of infections in whole organisms. This is a subject of intense ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2008.11.005
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Viruses of the Mononegavirales have helical nucleocapsids containing a single-stranded negative-sense RNA genome complexed with the nucleoprotein and several other virus-encoded proteins. This RNA-protein complex acts as the template for replication and transcription during infection. Recent structural data has advanc...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2013.08.001
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human coronaviruses (HCoVs), including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, are zoonotic pathogens that originated in wild animals. HCoVs have large genomes that encode a fixed array of structural and nonstructural components, as well as a variety of accessory proteins that differ in number and sequence even among closely related C...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2016.09.001
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of bacteraemia, which frequently leads to infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis and metastatic abscess formation. The development of these secondary infections is due to bacterial dissemination from the blood into surrounding tissues and is associated with signi...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2010.12.005
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After the discovery that Zika virus (ZIKV) could cause microcephaly and other birth defects, we have scrambled to understand how. Now, spreading along with the virus is misinformation that a ZIKV mutation is responsible for microcephaly. Putting too much onus on a single mutation could enhance a crisis in India. ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2019.02.004
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Until recently, bacterial responses to changes in light environments were regarded as specialized adaptations in a small number of phototrophs. However, the genomes of many photosynthetic and chemotrophic bacteria not known to have photophysiological responses also encode photoreceptor proteins. What new trends in the...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2011.05.002
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxin production clearly contributes to the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus, but that does not mean it is always in the best interest of the pathogen. Indeed, the ability to limit toxin production may provide an important mechanism for persistence, dissemination, and development of invasive disease within an ind...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2016.07.003
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evolution, climate change, and vaccination: in these cases and more, scientists, policymakers, and educators are confronted by organized campaigns to spread doubt, denial, and rejection of the scientific community's consensus on central scientific principles. To overcome these threats, scientists not only need to spre...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2012.10.002
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prion diseases are transmissible neurodegenerative disorders that include scrapie in sheep, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in humans. The principal component of the infectious agent responsible for these diseases appears to be an abnormal isoform of the host-encode...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2003.10.007
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spores produced by bacilli and clostridia are surrounded by a multilayered protein shell called the coat. As the armor-like appearance of the coat suggests, this structure, along with others within the spore, confers the remarkable resistance properties that make Bacillus anthracis spores such potent biological weapon...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(02)02373-9
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Filamentous phages are small, highly evolved parasites that can reproduce and disseminate without killing their host. During assembly, virion proteins are transferred from the host membrane to the single-stranded DNA phase genome and simultaneously secreted from the cell. Filamentous phage assembly shares certain feat...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(00)88929-5
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nguyen et al. used transposon sequencing analysis and competitive colonization assays to describe how aspartate/malate can trigger initial Salmonella Typhimurium gut-lumen colonization in mice, providing insight into the significance of certain key metabolites beyond the realm of Salmonella life. Metabolite-driven dia...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2020.06.007
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of quality control mechanisms to stall developmental pathways or completely remove defective cells from a population is a widespread strategy to ensure the integrity of morphogenetic programs. Endospore formation (sporulation) is a well conserved microbial developmental strategy in the Firmicutes phylum wherei...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2017.03.005
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microbial dormancy is a widespread phenomenon employed by bacteria to evade environmental threats including antibiotics. This intrinsic mechanism of antibiotic tolerance has drawn special attention to the role of dormancy in human disease, particularly in regards to recurrent infections. Two dormancy states, the viabl...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2014.09.004
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major human respiratory pathogen, our knowledge of how it causes disease in humans is limited. Airway epithelial cells are the primary targets of RSV infection in vivo, so the generation and exploitation of RSV infection models based on morphologically and physiologicall...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2013.02.004
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genetic analysis of the large and complex herpesviruses has been a constant challenge to herpesvirologists. Elegant methods have been developed to produce mutants in infected cells that rely on the cellular recombination machinery. Bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs), single copy F-factor-based plasmid vectors...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(02)02394-6
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For more than 70 years electron microscopy (EM) techniques have played an important role in investigating structures of enveloped viruses. By contrast, use of fluorescence microscopy (FM) methods for this purpose was limited by the fact that the size of virus particles is generally around or below the diffraction limi...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2013.06.010
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphite, a species of phosphorus in a P3+ oxidation state, is believed to have played an important role in the primordial Earth. Figueroa et al. used metagenomics to uncover anaerobic bacterial communities from waste water waste sludge that sustain life from energy provided by phosphite. ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2018.01.002
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pathogens survive and propagate within host cells through a wide array of complex interactions. Tracking the molecular and cellular events by multidimensional fluorescence microscopy has been a widespread tool for research on intracellular pathogens. Through major advancements in 3D electron microscopy, intracellular ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2018.11.011
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Viruses that have coevolved with their host establish chronic infections that are well tolerated by the host. Other viruses, that are partly adapted to their host, may induce chronic infections where persistent replication and viral antigen expression occur. The former induce highly functional and resilient CD8T cell ...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2017.11.012
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:If we took all of the single copy genes in all sequenced genomes, made phylogenetic trees from them individually, and then made the supertree of those trees, what would we get? Recently, David Pisani and colleagues did that experiment and their results are likely to spark much discussion. Their prokaryote tree looks v...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2007.09.001
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recognition of pathogenic bacteria by mammalian hosts is largely mediated by membrane-bound Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Recently, a family of cytosolic proteins, termed NODs, with homology to plant disease-resistance gene products has been implicated in sensing microbes within the cytosol. The role of NOD family membe...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2004.10.001
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Knockout mice with distinct gene deletions are valuable tools for in vivo analyses of the immune response against infectious agents. Studies of bacterial and protozoal infections have shown that antimicrobial immunity is generally defective in knockout mice. At one extreme, deletion of just one gene may completely com...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0966-842x(94)90628-9
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:New, post-genomic analyses are increasing the rate at which information about highly complex processes such as bacterial growth and development can be acquired. The recent use of DNA-microarray and proteomic analysis to study the differentiating bacterium Caulobacter crescentus has provided the first global view of th...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 新闻
doi：10.1016/s0966-842x(01)02135-7
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Modern medicine is facing the spread of biofilm-related infections. Bacterial biofilms are difficult to detect in routine diagnostics and are inherently tolerant to host defenses and antibiotic therapies. In addition, biofilms facilitate the spread of antibiotic resistance by promoting horizontal gene transfer. We rev...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2004.11.010
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMMs) are a family of proteins that are defined by the presence of two adjacent IgG-like folded subdomains. These promote binding to ligands by mechanisms that involve major conformational changes exemplified by the binding to fibrinogen by th...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2019.06.007
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Persistence of the latent reservoir remains a challenge to curing HIV infection. Using shRNA screening, new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying latency regulation indicate that the estrogen receptor is a potent repressor of proviral reactivation and may serve as a promising therapeutic target in combinat...
journal_title：Trends in microbiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tim.2018.09.005
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
