Abstract:
:Temperature-composition phase diagrams of binary lipid mixtures under conditions of constant pressure and excess water show that component immiscibility is the rule rather than the exception in these systems. Phase immiscibility is particularly noted in the solid phase but several cases are known where immiscibility is apparent even in the fluid phase. Using the fluorescence recovery are photobleaching (FRAP) technique, we have examined the long-range translational diffusion (over several micrometers) of fluorescent lipid derivatives, soluble only in the fluid phase, in bilayers under conditions of temperature and composition where solid and fluid phases are co-existent. These experiments provide information regarding barriers to free diffusion of the reporter molecules in these systems. The barriers are solid phase domains that are impenetrable to the reporter molecules, and may either exist as a discontinuous (non-percolating) archipelago of solid phase 'islands' in as continuous (percolating) fluid phase 'sea', or as continuous (percolating) solid phase domain cluster with non-connected (non-percolating) 'lakes' of the fluid phase domains. The transition from one state to the other is the so-called 'percolation threshold'. In FRAP experiments the former case is manifested as a reduction of the measured long-range diffusion coefficient (increased recovery time) with complete fluorescence recovery, whereas in the latter case both the apparent recovery times and the percent recoveries are altered. The position of the percolation threshold as a function of temperature and composition within the phase diagram permits a reasonably exact estimation of the mass fractions of the two phases in the system at this threshold and, with certain assumptions, an estimation of solid phase domain symmetry.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Mol Membr Bioljournal_title
Molecular membrane biologyauthors
Vaz WLdoi
10.3109/09687689509038493subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-01-01 00:00:00pages
39-43issue
1eissn
0968-7688issn
1464-5203journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins are enriched in cholesterol- and sphingolipid-rich lipid rafts within the membrane. Rafts are known to have roles in cellular organization and function, but little is understood about the factors controlling the distribution of proteins in rafts. We have used atomi...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09687860601127770
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flavonoids are ubiquitous polyphenolic compounds, found in vascular plants, which are endowed with a large variety of biological effects. Some of these effects have been assumed to result from interactions with the cell plasma membrane. In order to investigate the nature of these interactions a fluorescence study was ...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/096876899294616
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abstract::Calpain, an intracellular calcium-dependent protease, is activated at cell membranes and cleaves cytoskeletal and submembranous proteins. Calpain is inferred to be a calcium-dependent regulator for cytoskeletal reorganization. Calpastatin, an endogenous calpain inhibitor, inhibits not only the proteolytic activity of ...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/09687689609160599
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::TGN38 is a heavily glycosylated, type I integral membrane protein which is predominantly localized to the trans Golgi network (TGN), but which constitutively traffics between the TGN and the cell surface. The trafficking of TGN38 has been extensively studied in non-polarized cells, and a short, tyrosine-based, peptide...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09687689809074524
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eleven sequenced anion exchanger (AE; band 3) proteins, including five AE1, four AE2 and two AE3 proteins, comprise the anion exchanger family (AEF) of homologous proteins. Eliminating the rat and rabbit proteins that are nearly identical to the corresponding mouse proteins, seven dissimilar members of this family wer...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
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更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The entry of substrates into, and the export of glururonides from, the lumen of hepatic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in vitro (sealed microsomes) has been measured using radioactivity-labelled materials and a rapid filtration assay. Analysis of liver microsomes from a jaundiced patient showed the accumulation of bilirub...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
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doi:10.3109/09687689509072429
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The serotonin1A (5-HT1A) receptors are members of a superfamily of seven transmembrane domain receptors that couple to G-proteins. They appear to be involved in various behavioural and cognitive functions. This paper reports an efficient strategy to solubilize 5-HT1A receptors from bovine hippocampal membranes using t...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
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doi:10.1080/09687680210149586
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In hair cells of the inner ear, phosphatidylserine (PS), detected with fluorescent annexin V labeling, was rapidly exposed on the external leaflet of apical plasma membranes upon dissection of the organ of Corti. PS externalization was unchanged by caspase inhibition, suggesting that externalization did not portend ap...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
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doi:10.1080/09687860600926883
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abstract::We have previously shown that a mixture of cerebrosides obtained from dried tubers of herb Typhonium giganteum Engl. plays a neuroprotective role in the ischemic brain through its effect on activation of BK(Ca) channels. It is very curious to know whether a single pure cerebroside compound could activate the BK(Ca) ch...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
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更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trypsin activation of Cry4B, a 130-kDa Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) protein, produces a 65-kDa toxin active against mosquito larvae. The active toxin is made of two protease resistant-products of ca. 45 kDa and ca. 20 kDa. The cloned 21-kDa fragment consisting of the N-terminal region of the toxin was previously shown ...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09687680310001625792
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of structures of integral membrane proteins from higher eukaryotes is steadily increasing due to a number of innovative protein engineering and crystallization strategies devised over the last few years. However, it is sobering to reflect that these structures represent only a tiny proportion of the total n...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/09687688.2012.703703
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nedd4 family ubiquitin ligases regulate trafficking and degradation of numerous target substrates in different cellular compartments, including at the plasma membrane, in endosomes, in the secretory pathway and in the nucleus. WWP1 is a Nedd4 family protein closely related to mouse Itch and Drosophila Su(dx), both of ...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09687860600665010
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glu-269, which is located on the hydrophilic face of putative helix VIII in the lactose permease of Escherichia coli, has been replaced with Asp, Gln or Cys by oligonucleotide-directed, site specific mutagenesis. Cells expressing Asp-269 permease exhibit no lactose accumulation or lactose-induced H+ translocation, but...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09687689409161024
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Amt/Mep/Rh family of integral membrane proteins comprises ammonium transporters of bacteria, archaea and eukarya, as well as the Rhesus proteins found in animals. They play a central role in the uptake of reduced nitrogen for biosynthetic purposes, in energy metabolism, or in renal excretion. Recent structural inf...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09687680701388423
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gap junctions are plasma membrane spatial microdomains constructed of assemblies of channel proteins called connexins in vertebrates and innexins in invertebrates. The channels provide direct intercellular communication pathways allowing rapid exchange of ions and metabolites up to approximately 1 kD in size. Approxim...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09687680210139839
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::2B is a 99 amino acid membrane protein encoded by enteroviruses such as polio and coxsackie viruses with two transmembrane domains. The protein is found to make membranes of infected cells permeable. Using a computational approach which positions the models and assesses stability by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09687680903164101
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Significant progress has been made in membrane protein engineering over the last 5 years, based largely on the re-design of existing scaffolds. Engineering techniques that have been employed include direct genetic engineering, both covalent and non-covalent modification, unnatural amino acid mutagenesis and total synt...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
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更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of Signal Peptidase I (SPasel) molecules per E. coli cell was determined using western blot techniques. Different strains were found to contain approximately 1000 SPasel molecules per cell during exponential growth. Based on the activity of SPasel in vitro it could be estimated that this amount is sufficien...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09687689509072437
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organellar and cytosolic pH homeostasis is central to most cellular processes, including vesicular trafficking, post-translational modification/processing of proteins, and receptor-ligand interactions. SLC9A7 (NHE7) was identified as a unique (Na+, K+)/H+ exchanger that dynamically cycles between the trans-Golgi netwo...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
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doi:10.1080/09687680802263046
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Palmitoylation is required for the activities of several cancer-associated proteins, making the palmitoyl acyltransferase (PAT) enzymes that catalyze these reactions potential targets for anticancer therapeutics. In this study, we sought to identify and characterize a human PAT with activity toward N-terminally myrist...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09687681003616854
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work from our laboratory has established bovine hippocampal membranes as a convenient natural source for studying neuronal receptors such as the G-protein coupled serotonin1A receptor. In this paper, we have explored the organization and dynamics of bovine hippocampal membranes using environment-sensitive and...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09687860600803223
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ionotropic glutamate receptors belong to the superfamily of P-loop channels as well as K(+), Na(+), and Ca(2+) channels. However, the structural similarity between ion channels of the glutamate receptors and K(+) channels is a matter of discussion. The aim of this study was to analyze differences between the structure...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
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doi:10.1080/09687860601008806
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a cAMP-regulated C1(-) channel. Malfunction of CFTR causes cystic fibrosis (CF). CFTR belongs to an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily which includes P-glycoprotein (Pgp), the molecule that is responsible for multidrug resistance in cancer c...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09687689609160572
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiation-based therapies aided by nanoparticles have been developed for decades, and can be primarily categorized into two main platforms. First, delivery of payload of photo-reactive drugs (photosensitizers) using the conventional nanoparticles, and second, design and development of photo-triggerable nanoparticles (...
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small GTPase Rab36 is homologous to Rab34 with 56% amino acid sequence identity. Rab34 was characterized as a Golgi-associated Rab protein and regulates lysosomal positioning through interaction with RILP; however, the properties and functions of Rab36 have not been investigated. To investigate Rab36, we constructed E...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
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abstract::Absorption of dietary fat in the small intestine involves epithelial exposure to potentially harmful molecules such as bile salts and free fatty acids. We used organ culture of porcine jejunal explants incubated with a pre-digested mixture of fat (plant oil), bile and pancreatin to mimick the physiological process of ...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
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abstract::Recent advances have revealed much about the signaling events and molecular components associated with autophagy. Although it is clear that there are multiple points of intersection and connection between autophagy and known vesicular membrane transport processes between membrane compartments, autophagy is modulated b...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
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abstract::Dengue fever is one of the most widespread tropical diseases in the world. The disease is caused by a virus member of the Flaviviridae family, a group of enveloped positive sense single-stranded RNA viruses. Dengue virus infection is mediated by virus glycoprotein E, which binds to the cell surface. After uptake by en...
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abstract::Vascular-targeted drug delivery systems could provide more efficient and effective pharmaceutical interventions for treating a variety of diseases including cardiovascular, pulmonary, inflammatory, and malignant disorders. However, several factors must be taken into account when designing these systems. The diverse bl...
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abstract::A structural characterization of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the fourth transmembrane domain (M4-TMD) of the gamma-subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo californica has been undertaken. Solid-state NMR and CD spectroscopy studies indicate that upon reconstitution into lipid vesicles or ...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
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更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00